Cefuroxime | apollo +9191 46 950 950
Cefuroxime | apollo +9191 46 950 950
Cefuroxime
CAS Number : 55268-75-2
Molecular Weight : 424.385 g/mol
Molecular Formula : C16H16N4O8S
Systematic (IUPAC) : (6R,7R)-3-[(carbamoyloxy)methyl]-7-[(2Z)-2-(furan-2-yl)-2-
(methoxyimino)acetamido]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid
Type : small molecule
Description : Broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase. It has been proposed for
infections with gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, gonorrhea, and haemophilus.
Categories
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Cephalosporins
Pharmacology
Indication : For the treatment of many different types
of bacterial infections such as bronchitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, ear infections, skin infections, gonorrhea, and
urinary tract infections.
Pharmacodynamics : Cefuroxime is a β-lactam type antibiotic. More specifically, it is a second-generation cephalosporin. Cephalosporins work the same way as
penicillins: they interfere with the peptidoglycan synthesis of the bacterial wall by inhibiting the final
transpeptidation needed for the cross-links. This effect is bactericidal. Cefuroxime is effective against the
following organisms: Aerobic Gram-positive Microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes. Aerobic Gram-
negative Microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (including beta-lactamase-
producing strains), Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis (including
beta-lactamase-producing strains), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (including beta-lactamase-producing
strains). Spirochetes: Borrelia burgdorferi. Cefuroxime axetil is the prodrug
Mechanism of action : Cefuroxime, like the
penicillins, is a beta-lactam antibiotic. By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, it inhibits the third and last stage
of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as
autolysins; it is possible that cefuroxime interferes with an autolysin inhibitor.
Absorption : Absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Absorption is greater when taken after food (absolute bioavailability increases from 37% to 52%).
Protein binding : 50% to serum protein
Metabolism : The axetil moiety is metabolized to
acetaldehyde and acetic acid.
Half life : Approximately 80 minutes following
intramuscular or intravenous injection.
Toxicity : Allergic reactions might be expected,
including rash, nasal congestion, cough, dry throat, eye irritation, or anaphylactic shock. Overdosage of
cephalosporins can cause cerebral irritation leading to convulsions.
Affected organisms : Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria
Why is this medication prescribed?
Cefuroxime is used to treat certain infections caused by bacteria, such as bronchitis; gonorrhea; Lyme disease; and infections of the ears, throat, sinuses, urinary tract, and skin. Cefuroxime is in a class of medications called
cephalosporin antibiotics. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. Antibiotics will not work for colds,
flu, or other viral infections.
Uses
Cefuroxime is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. This medication is known as a cephalosporin
antibiotic. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It
will not work for viral infections (e.g., common cold, flu). Unnecessary use or overuse of any antibiotic can
lead to its decreased effectiveness.
How to use?
Take this medication by mouth usually twice daily, or as directed by your doctor. Take cefuroxime with food to
increase absorption and reduce stomach upset. Dosage is based on your medical condition and response to
therapy.Swallow the tablets whole. Do not crush or chew because the tablets have a strong bitter taste. Use the
liquid suspension form of this medication if it is difficult to swallow the tablets.Antibiotics work best when the amount of medicine in your body is kept at a constant
level. Therefore, take this drug at evenly spaced intervals.Continue to take this medication until the full-
prescribed amount is finished, even if symptoms disappear after a few days. Stopping the medication too early may allow bacteria to continue to grow, which may result in a relapse of the infection.Inform your doctor if
your condition persists or worsens.
How should this medicine be used?
Cefuroxime comes as a tablet and a suspension (liquid) to take by mouth. It is usually taken every 12 hours
(twice a day) for 7-10 days. To treat gonorrhea, cefuroxime is taken as a single dose, and to treat Lyme
disease, cefuroxime is taken twice a day for 20 days. The tablet may be taken with or without food, and the liquid must be taken with food. To help you remember to take
cefuroxime, take it around the same time every day. Follow the directions on your prescription label
carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take cefuroxime exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more
often than prescribed by your doctor.
Shake the liquid well before each use to mix the medication evenly.
The tablets should be swallowed whole and taken with a full glass of water. Because the crushed tablet has a strong bitter taste, the tablet should not be crushed.
Children who cannot swallow the tablet whole should take the liquid instead.
Take cefuroxime until you finish the prescription, even if you feel better. Stopping cefuroxime too soon may cause
bacteria to become resistant to antibiotics.
Other uses for this medicine
This medication may be prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.
What special precautions should I follow?
Before taking cefuroxime,
tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to cefuroxime, penicillin, cefaclor (Ceclor), cefadroxil (Duricef), cefamandole (Mandol), cefazolin (Ancef, Kefzol), cefdinir (Omnicef), cefditoren (Spectracef),
cefepime (Maxipime), cefixime (Suprax), cefmetazole (Zefazone), cefonicid (Monocid), cefoperazone
(Cefobid), cefotaxime (Claforan), cefoxitin (Mefoxin), cefpodoxime (Vantin), cefprozil (Cefzil), ceftazidime
(Ceptaz, Fortaz, Tazicef), ceftibuten (Cedax), ceftizoxime (Cefizox), ceftriaxone (Rocephin), cephalexin (Keflex), cephapirin (Cefadyl), cephradine (Velosef), loracarbef
(Lorabid), or any other medications.
tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional
supplements, and herbal products you are taking. Be sure to mention any of the following: anticoagulants
('blood thinners') such as warfarin (Coumadin), diuretics ('water pills'), medications for heartburn or ulcers, other antibiotics, and probenecid (Benemid).
Your doctor may need to change the doses of your medications or monitor you carefully for side effects.
tell your doctor if you have or have ever had kidney or liver disease, colitis, or stomach problems.
tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. If you become pregnant
while taking cefuroxime, call your doctor.
What special dietary instructions should I follow?
Unless your doctor tells you otherwise, continue your normal diet.
What should I do if I forget a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the
missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
What side effects can this medication cause?
Cefuroxime may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:
upset stomach
vomiting
diarrhea
stomach pain
If you experience any of the following symptoms, call your doctor immediately:
severe skin rash
itching
hives
difficulty breathing or swallowing
wheezing
diaper rash
painful sores in the mouth or throat
vaginal itching and discharge
Cefuroxime may cause other side effects. Call your doctor if you have any unusual problems while taking
this medication.
What storage conditions are needed for this
medicine?
Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store the tablets at
room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom). Throw away any
medication that is outdated or no longer needed. Keep liquid medicine at room temperature or in the
refrigerator, tightly closed, and throw away any unused medication after 10 days. Do not freeze. Talk to your
pharmacist about the proper disposal of your medication.
Other Information
Keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory. Your doctor may order certain lab tests to
check your body's response to cefuroxime.
If you are diabetic, use Clinistix or TesTape (not Clinitest) to test your urine for sugar while taking this
medication.
Do not let anyone else take your medication. Your prescription is probably not refillable. If you still have symptoms of infection after you finish the cefuroxime,
call your doctor.
It is important for you to keep a written list of all of the prescription and nonprescription (over-the-counter)
medicines you are taking, as well as any products such as vitamins, minerals, or other dietary supplements. You
should bring this list with you each time you visit a doctor or if you are admitted to a hospital. It is also important information to carry with you in case of
emergencies.
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