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CELLSCELLS
The Introductory level of CellsThe Introductory level of Cells
ByBy
Mr. HulscherMr. Hulscher
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Goals and ObjectivesGoals and Objectives
Understand the function of the cellUnderstand the function of the cell Explain the two main basic types of cellsExplain the two main basic types of cells Distinguish among the scientistsDistinguish among the scientists Describe organelles of the cell Describe organelles of the cell Relate the difference between plant and Relate the difference between plant and
animal cellsanimal cells
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OUTLOOK & REVIEW!!!OUTLOOK & REVIEW!!!
Understand the function of the cellUnderstand the function of the cell Explain the two main basic types of Explain the two main basic types of
cellscells Distinguish among the scientistsDistinguish among the scientists Describe organelles of the cell Describe organelles of the cell Relate the difference between plant and Relate the difference between plant and
animal cellsanimal cells
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CellsCells(basic unit of a living organism)(basic unit of a living organism)
Carry out the Carry out the functions within the functions within the systemsystem
Nerve, White BC, Nerve, White BC, RBC, muscle, RBC, muscle, epithelial, etc.epithelial, etc.
1000’s of different 1000’s of different types of cellstypes of cells
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Main types of CellsMain types of Cells
EukaryoteEukaryote– Multicellular Multicellular
organisms (mainly)organisms (mainly)– Membrane bound Membrane bound
structuresstructures– Includes some Includes some
unicellular (yeast and unicellular (yeast and algae)algae)
– All animals (you)All animals (you)– Most plantsMost plants
ProkaryoteProkaryote– Unicellular Unicellular
organismsorganisms
– No membrane No membrane boundbound
– Example: bacteriaExample: bacteria
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THE DISCOVERY OF CELLSTHE DISCOVERY OF CELLS
T. Schwann
Robert Hooke
M. Schleiden
Anton Von Leeuwenhoek
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THE DISCOVERY OF CELLSTHE DISCOVERY OF CELLS
T. Schwann
Robert Hooke
M. Schleiden
Anton Von Leuowonhook
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THE DISCOVERY OF CELLSTHE DISCOVERY OF CELLS
Discovered the first microscope (simple light microscope)
Compound light microscope - uses more than one lens - mainly used today by us
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THE DISCOVERY OF CELLSTHE DISCOVERY OF CELLS
Discovered the first CELL
- in cork (dead cells)- named cells for the rooms monks live in
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THE DISCOVERY OF CELLSTHE DISCOVERY OF CELLS
Discovered the first CELL
- in PLANTS- helped with CELL THEORY
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THE DISCOVERY OF CELLSTHE DISCOVERY OF CELLS
Discovered the first CELL
- in ANIMALS- helped with CELL THEORY
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Cell TheoryCell Theory(as developed by Schleiden and Schwann)(as developed by Schleiden and Schwann)
1)1) All organisms are composed of one or All organisms are composed of one or more cellsmore cells
2)2) A cell is a basic unit of organization A cell is a basic unit of organization of all organismsof all organisms
3)3) All cells come from pre-existing cellsAll cells come from pre-existing cells
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Cellular ComponentsCellular Components
CytoplasmCytoplasm NucleusNucleus Plasma MePlasma Membranembrane
Assigned Assigned terms.terms.
NucleolusNucleolus Cell WallCell Wall
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ASSIGNED TERMSASSIGNED TERMS
Rough “ER” and Smooth “ER”Rough “ER” and Smooth “ER” ChromatinChromatin Fluid Mosaic ModelFluid Mosaic Model Phospholipid bi-layer and PhosolipidsPhospholipid bi-layer and Phosolipids Transport ProteinsTransport Proteins Explain 2 other types of MicroscopesExplain 2 other types of Microscopes OrganellesOrganelles
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Fluid of the CellFluid of the Cell
The main component of organisms is The main component of organisms is water, this would be the cytoplasm. water, this would be the cytoplasm.
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“Brain of the cell”“Brain of the cell”
Contains the blueprints of the Contains the blueprints of the activitiesactivities
““Hard drive or CPU of the computer”Hard drive or CPU of the computer”
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“Prison wall”“Prison wall”
Allows Allows certaincertain things in and certain things in and certain things out.things out.
Selective permeability - allowing Selective permeability - allowing certain things in while blocking other certain things in while blocking other things, helps to maintain homeostasis things, helps to maintain homeostasis
(balance in the environment)(balance in the environment)““screen window”screen window”
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“Rigid structure or wall”“Rigid structure or wall”
Allows anything in and out.Allows anything in and out.
Found only in plants.Found only in plants.
Contains cellulose.Contains cellulose.
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The core of the Nucleus!The core of the Nucleus!
Helps make ribosome's.Helps make ribosome's.
RIBOSOMES - make proteins and RIBOSOMES - make proteins and enzymes with specific functions enzymes with specific functions
according to DNAaccording to DNA
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ASSEMBLY, TRANSPORT, ASSEMBLY, TRANSPORT, STORAGESTORAGE
Endoplasmic ReticulumEndoplasmic Reticulum– ““factory” where the work area isfactory” where the work area is
Golgi ApparatusGolgi Apparatus– ““packaging” gets the proteins readypackaging” gets the proteins ready
VacuolesVacuoles– ““storage” enzymes, food, and cell materialsstorage” enzymes, food, and cell materials
LysosomesLysosomes– ““recycler” digests worn out or extra organelles, recycler” digests worn out or extra organelles,
food, and viruses or bacteriafood, and viruses or bacteria
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Energy, Structure, & MovementEnergy, Structure, & Movement
MitochondriaMitochondria FlagellumFlagellum CytoskeletonCytoskeleton
ChloroplastsChloroplasts CiliaCiliaAssignment Assignment
AA
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Assignment AAssignment A
PLASTIDS:PLASTIDS:
UPTO ________ IS THE NUMBER UPTO ________ IS THE NUMBER OF MITOCHONDRIA LIVER OF MITOCHONDRIA LIVER CELLS MAY HAVE.CELLS MAY HAVE.
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““POWERHOUSE”POWERHOUSE”
Transforms energy for the cellTransforms energy for the cell
Where the cell gets its energyWhere the cell gets its energy
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““GIVES THE SHELL SHAPE”GIVES THE SHELL SHAPE”
Provides shape for the cellProvides shape for the cell““tent poles”tent poles”
Microfilaments - solid protein Microfilaments - solid protein fibersfibers
Microtubules - hollow protein Microtubules - hollow protein fibers (both help give cell shape)fibers (both help give cell shape)
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Converts light energy into mechanicalConverts light energy into mechanical Contains chlorophyllContains chlorophyll
– CHLOROPHYLL - gives plants their CHLOROPHYLL - gives plants their green colorgreen color
Of The GENERATOR
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Tiny hair-like particles used for Tiny hair-like particles used for cellular movementcellular movement
Usually numerous (hundred’s)Usually numerous (hundred’s)
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Tail-like structure used for Tail-like structure used for cellular movementcellular movement
Uses a whip-like motionUses a whip-like motion
Usually one or very fewUsually one or very few
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Main Differences between Plants Main Differences between Plants and Animal Cellsand Animal Cells
Cell WallCell Wall (PLANTS)(PLANTS)
VacuolesVacuoles (PLANTS) (PLANTS)
ChromatinChromatin (PLANTS)(PLANTS)– ChlorophyllChlorophyll
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The END!!!The END!!!Study, I worked hard on this for Study, I worked hard on this for
YOU!!!YOU!!!