Cellular TransportCellular Transport7.47.4
DiffusionDiffusion
Baking cookies aromaBaking cookies aroma Particles in G, L, S are in constant motionParticles in G, L, S are in constant motion Brownian motionBrownian motion substances dissolved in water substances dissolved in water
moving constantly in random motionmoving constantly in random motion DiffusionDiffusion caused by random motion. caused by random motion.
Net movement of particles from high concentration to low Net movement of particles from high concentration to low concentrationconcentration
Moving from a high concentration to a low Moving from a high concentration to a low concentration require no energy (passive transport)concentration require no energy (passive transport)
DemoDemo
Red and Blue mix (a result of diffusion) to Red and Blue mix (a result of diffusion) to create a purple colorcreate a purple color
Eventually the colors will have become fully Eventually the colors will have become fully mixed. Even though there is movement there mixed. Even though there is movement there will not be a change in concentration. will not be a change in concentration. (dynamic equilibrium achieved)(dynamic equilibrium achieved)
Rate of DiffusionRate of Diffusion
Three factors affect the rate of diffusionThree factors affect the rate of diffusion TemperatureTemperature ConcentrationConcentration PressurePressure
When any of those 3 increase…So does When any of those 3 increase…So does DiffusionDiffusion
Facilitated DiffusionFacilitated Diffusion
Transport Proteins move ions and small Transport Proteins move ions and small molecules (Na+ or glucose) across the plasma molecules (Na+ or glucose) across the plasma membrane membrane
OsmosisOsmosis
The diffusion of water across a selective The diffusion of water across a selective permeable membranepermeable membrane
Water will move across the membrane to Water will move across the membrane to balance the concentration on either side balance the concentration on either side
Isotonic SolutionIsotonic Solution
A cell that is in a solution of the same A cell that is in a solution of the same concentration of water and solutes as the cells concentration of water and solutes as the cells cytoplasm, the cell is an isotonic solutioncytoplasm, the cell is an isotonic solution
IsoIso Equal Equal There is no net movement of waterThere is no net movement of water
Hypotonic SolutionHypotonic Solution
A cell in a solution of lower concentration of A cell in a solution of lower concentration of solutesolute There is more Water outside the cell than insideThere is more Water outside the cell than inside
HypoHypoUnderUnder Net movement of water is into the cellNet movement of water is into the cell
Hypertonic SolutionHypertonic Solution
The concentration of the solute outside of the The concentration of the solute outside of the cell is higher than insidecell is higher than inside There is more water inside the cell than outsideThere is more water inside the cell than outside
HyperHyperAboveAbove Net movement of water is out of the cellNet movement of water is out of the cell
Active TransportActive Transport
Moving from a region of LOW concentration Moving from a region of LOW concentration to a region with a HIGH concentrationto a region with a HIGH concentration
Active transportActive transport Moving against the Moving against the concentration gradient. It requires energy.concentration gradient. It requires energy.
Accomplished by Pump proteinsAccomplished by Pump proteins
Sodium-Potassium ATPase pumpSodium-Potassium ATPase pump
Common Active Transport PumpCommon Active Transport Pump Pump found in plasma membrane of animalsPump found in plasma membrane of animals Moves 3 sodium ions out of the cell against Moves 3 sodium ions out of the cell against
the concentration gradientthe concentration gradient
Transporting Large ParticlesTransporting Large Particles
EndocytosisEndocytosis process by allowing a large process by allowing a large particle outside the cell to enter the cellparticle outside the cell to enter the cell
Plasma membrane dimples and pinches around Plasma membrane dimples and pinches around the particle allowing it to enter without the particle allowing it to enter without destroying the membranedestroying the membrane
Process results in a vacuole or vesicleProcess results in a vacuole or vesicle
ExocytosisExocytosis
Secretion of materials at the plasma membraneSecretion of materials at the plasma membrane The reverse of EndocytosisThe reverse of Endocytosis
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