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Eleventh Edition
1
Introduction to Information SystemsEssentials for the Internetworked E-Business Enterprise
win/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All ri
C h a p t e r
James A. O’Brien
1 Foundations
of Information Systemsin Business
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 2Introduction to Information Systems
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• Provide foundation of why informationsystems are important
• Identify major types of information
systems
Chapter Objeti!es
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 3Introduction to Information Systems
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• Define construct of an informationsystem – people, hardware, software,
data, and networks
• The above resources perform input,processin, output, storae, and control
activities that transform data resources
into information products!
• Identify challenes and ethical issues
that a business manaer miht face
Chapter Objeti!es
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 4Introduction to Information Systems
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An I" #ramework for Business $rofessionals
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 5Introduction to Information Systems
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InformationSystems
"esources
People
S o f t w
a r e
# a
r d w
a r e
$ e t w o r k s D
a t a
Components of an Information "%stem
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 6Introduction to Information Systems
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&hat is a "%stem'
%anufacturinProcess
Input of "aw %aterials
&utput of 'inished Products
(nvironment
&ther Systems
Control by
%anaement
Control
Sinals
Control
Sinals
'eedbackSinals
'eedbackSinals
System )oundary
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 8Introduction to Information Systems
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Components of an Information "%stem
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 9Introduction to Information Systems
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(ata !ersus Information
1 2 0 0 1 0
0
W e s t
C h a r l e s M a
n n
7 9 1 5 4
T M S h
o e s
%onthly Sales "eport
for *est "eion
"ales )ep* Charles +annEmp ,o. /01Item 2t% "old $rie3+ "hoes /455 6/55
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 10Introduction to Information Systems
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Attributes of Information 2ualit%
l h di i
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 11Introduction to Information Systems
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+ajor )oles of Information "%stems
SupportStrateies for
Competitive +dvantae
Support)usiness Decision %akin
Support)usiness Processes and &perations
El h Edi iJ A O’B i I d i I f i S
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 12Introduction to Information Systems
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I3 Era’s
• Data Processing (DP)• Micro Era
• Network Era
• WAN Network Environment – Client-erver
– !hin Client
– We" – WAP
El th EditiJ A O’B i I t d ti t I f ti S t
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 13Introduction to Information Systems
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7istor% of the role of Information "%stems
Data
Processin
%anaement
"eportinDecision
Support
Strateic
(nd -ser (lectronic
Commerce
./012./31 ./312./41 ./412./51 ./512.//1 .//126111
Eletroni(ata$roessin8-3$"9transational proessin8 s%stem:
+ana8ementInformation"%stems
(eision"upport"%stems- Ad ho
)eports
End ;ser Computin8E<e Info "%sE<pert "%stems"I"
EletroniBusiness =Commere-InternetworkedE-Business =Commere9ama>on:
El th EditiJ A O’B i I t d ti t I f ti S t
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 14Introduction to Information Systems
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3he e-Business Enterprise
%anufacturinand
Production
(nineerin "esearch
+ccountin,and 'inance
Suppliers and &ther )usiness Partners
Supply Chain %anaementProcurement, Distribution, and 7oistics
Customer "elationship %anaement%arketin Sales Customer Service
Consumer and )usiness Customers
Company)oundary
Intranets8whole companies compute
The Internet8network of all network9
(:tranets8network amon two r more or9
( : t r a n e t s
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3%pes of Information "%stems
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/?
&h% Or8ani>ations need
Information "%stems +eetin8 @lobal Challen8es
Capturin8 opportunities in the +arket $lae
"upportin8 Corporate "trate8% inkin8 (epartments &hose #untions are
different
Enhanin8 &orker $roduti!it%9nadrants: Inreasin8 2ualit% of @oods and "er!ies
Eleventh EditionJames A O’Brien 17Introduction to Information Systems
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O Brien 17Introduction to Information Systems
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3%pes of Information "%stems
3ransation
$roessin8
"%stems
$roess
Control
"%stems
Enterprise
Collaboration
"%stems
Operations
"upport
"%stems
+ana8ement
Information
"%stems
(eision
"upport
"%stems
E<euti!e
Information
"%stems
+ana8ement
"upport
"%stems
Information Systems
# ntional B siness " stems
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/
Customer
Man#$act#ring
%n$ormation
&stems
'#alit& Control
%n$ormation
&stems
Marketing
%n$ormation
&stemsinancial
and Acco#nting
&stems
eogra*hic
%n$ormation
&stems
+#man,eso#rces
&stems
#untional Business "%stems
Eleventh EditionJames A O’Brien 19Introduction to Information Systems
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O Brien 19Introduction to Information Systems
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Other Cate8ories of Information "%stems
E<pert "%stemsE<pert "%stems
Dnowled8e +ana8ement "%stemsDnowled8e +ana8ement "%stems
Cross-#untional Information "%stemsCross-#untional Information "%stems
"trate8i Information "%stems"trate8i Information "%stems
Eleventh EditionJames A O’Brien 22Introduction to Information Systems
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O Brien 22Introduction to Information Systems
win/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All ri
Other Cate8ories of Information "%stems
E<pert "%stemsE<pert "%stems
Dnowled8e +ana8ement "%stemsDnowled8e +ana8ement "%stems
Cross-#untional Information "%stemsCross-#untional Information "%stems
"trate8i Information "%stems ,ational "emiondutor Ffaster = betterG deisions
"trate8i Information "%stems ,ational "emiondutor Ffaster = betterG deisions
lo"al %n$ormation &stems- e!i’slo"al %n$ormation &stems- e!i’s
Eleventh EditionJames A O’Brien 23Introduction to Information Systems
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O Brien 23Introduction to Information Systems
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3he Information "%stems (e!elopment $roess
Eleventh EditionJames A O’Brien 24Introduction to Information Systems
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O Brien 24Introduction to Information Systems
win/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All ri
In!esti8ate 9 searhin8 problem: Anal%>e 9anal%>e it:roessin8 s%stem:
Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 25Introduction to Information Systems
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O Brien 25Introduction to Information Systems
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+ana8ement Challen8es of the E-business Enterprise
•Business Strategies•Business Processes•Business Needs
•
Customer Relationships•Business Partners•Suppliers•Business Customers
Ethical ConsiderationsPotential Risks?Potential Laws? Possible Responses?
•IS Human Resources•IS e!elopment
•I" In#rastructure•IS Per#ormance
•$rgani%ation Structure•and Culture•&ser 'cceptance
Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 27Introduction to Information Systems
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Eleventh EditionJames A. O Brien 27Introduction to Information Systems
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• Information Systems play a vital role in the
efficient and effective operations of (2business,
(2commerce and enterprise collaboration!
• The business professional must know;
– Com*onents ($#ndamentals) o$ % – %n$ormation !echnologies
– #siness A**lications and *rocesses
– Managerial Challenges
Chapter "ummar%
Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 28Introduction to Information Systems
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28Introduction to Information Systems
win/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All ri
Ethial Challen8es of Implementin8 I3 inBusiness
Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 29Introduction to Information Systems
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29Introduction to Information Systems
win/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All ri
Careers in Information "%stems
Eleventh EditionJames A. O’Brien 30Introduction to Information Systems
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30Introduction to Information Systems
Chapter "ummar% 9ont:
• +n information system uses the resources of
people, hardware, software, data, and networks
to perform input, processin, output, storae
and control activities! – Transform
orani<ational processes• Information systems perform three vital roles in
business firms! They support;
– #siness *rocesses and o*erations.
– #siness decision making/ and
– trategic com*etitive advantage