Chapter 11 Section 3
The Tide of the War Turns
Battle of Fredericksburg
• December 1862• Union charges several
times at Confederates• Some Union army units
lose more than half their men
• Union- 13,000 casualties
• Confederates- 5,000 casualties
Battle of Chancellorsville
• May 1863• Confederates divide
their forces and surround Union forces
• General Lee’s most brilliant victory
• Also most costly– Stonewall Jackson dies
due to being wounded
Battle of Gettysburg
• July 1863• Day 1- Union
established position on the high ground of the battle field
Battle of Gettysburg
• Day 2• Confederates attack
Union positions• Attack vulnerable spots
on the Union line of defenses
• If Confederates successful they could bombard Union lines anywhere on the battlefields
Battle of Gettysburg
• 350 soldiers from Maine stop repeated Confederate charges
• Maine was led by Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain
Battle of Gettysburg
• Day 3• 150 Confederate
cannons open fire on Union positions
• Lee ordered an all out infantry charge at the center of the Union positions– 15,000 Confederates
charge
Battle of GettysburgPickett’s Charge
• Confederate Troops (5,000 serving under General George Pickett) marched across about a mile of open ground
• Union cannons shooting at them
• Only a few hundred Confederates reach their destination
Battle of Gettysburg
• Less than half the Confederates returned
• Union: 23,000 casualties
• Confederates: 28,000 casualties
• The Confederates then retreat back to Virginia
Gettysburg Address
• 2 minutes speech written and delivered by Lincoln
• Reminds listeners as to why the North was fighting
Summarize the main points of the Gettysburg address.
• Preserve the Country’s commitment to the principles of freedom, equality and self-government
Why was the Battle of Gettysburg a turning point in the war?
• It decided how each side would be able to operate for the rest of the war
• The North was now in charge in the east
• Lee was restricted to acting defensively only in the South
Siege
• A tactic in which an enemy is surrounded and starved in order to make it surrender
What were 3 effects of Grant’s siege of Vicksburg?
• Confederate residents had to move into underground dwellings
• Reduced supplies and soldiers rations
• Forced a Confederate surrender
