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CHAPTER 12: GENETICS
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LESSON 3: DNA & GENETICS
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Essential Questions
What is DNA? What is the role of RNA in protein
production? How do changes in the sequence of
DNA affect traits?
??
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Vocabulary
DNA Nucleotide Replication RNA Transcription Translation Mutation
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The Structure of DNA
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): an organism’s genetic material
A Complex Molecule
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The Structure of DNA
Four Nucleotides Shape DNA A nucleotide is a molecule made of
nitrogen base, a sugar and a phosphate group
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The Structure of DNA
How DNA Replicates The process of copying a DNA molecule to
make another DNA is called replication
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Making Proteins
Junk DNA The Role of RNA in Making Proteins
RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a type of nucleic acid that carries the code for making proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm
The process of making mRNA (messenger RNA) from DNA is called transcription
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Making Proteins
Three Types of RNA: mRNA (messenger RNA) tRNA (transfer RNA) rRNA (ribosomal RNA) The process of making a protein from RNA
is called translation Translating the RNA Code
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Mutations
A change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene is called a mutation
Types of Mutations
Results of a Mutation
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Classwork
Page 445 #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 10
Write down questions and answers
Workbook page 384 – 387 and 393