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Chapter 12: Presentation
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Stage Fright: Is it always a bad thing?
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• Debilitative
• Facilitative
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Worst Case Scenario
What are your worst
fears?
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• What is in your control?
• What is not in your control?
Overcoming Public Speaking Anxiety
Elimination vs Control
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Academically• Prepare and research appropriately
• Present 1st to yourself with visuals
• Tape-record the speech/videotape
• Present to a small group of friends/relatives
• Try to present in the room where you will be with visuals
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Mentally
• Be rational Worst Case Scenario
• Be positive
• Use visualization
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Physically
• Get Plenty of Rest
• Watch what you eat
• Deep Breaths
• Find ways that help you relax
• Dress for Success
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It’s not always what you say
but…
HOW YOU SAY IT
Delivery Styles
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Styles of Delivery
• Four major styles:
• Extemporaneous
• Impromptu
• Manuscript
• Memorized
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Extemporaneous
• Generally the BEST DELIVERY STYLE• planned in advanced• presented in a direct, spontaneous manner• conversational• Relies on brief keyword notecards• more difficult to
– be exact on time or – be exact in wording or grammar
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Impromptu
• Best for emergency situations
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Suggestions for making an effective impromptu speech
– Scribble a few notes
– Don’t be afraid to be original – use personal experiences
– Observe what is going on around you – use what you have
– Be positive
– Keep comments brief!
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Manuscript
• needed when wording must be precise but lacks spontaneity
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Suggestions for making an effective manuscript presentation.
• Write like you talk, not like a term paper
• Print out the manuscript triple spaced, capital letters
• Underline words to emphasize
• Use stiff paper
• Number all pages/by hand and circle
• Rehearse until you can read whole lines without looking
• Take your time, vary speed, concentrate on ideas rather than words
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Memorized –
• seems formal;
• Only one piece of advice – practice
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Visual Guidelines:
• Appearance –
• Movement – try to move out of “action zone”
• Posture
• Facial expression
• Eye Contact
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Auditory Guidelines:
• Volume
• Rate – between 120-150 words per minute
• Pitch – highness or lowness of voice
• Vary volume, rate, and pitch to add emphasis
• Articulation -
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Criticism• Be positive
• Be constructive
• Be careful of wording– Not just what you say but how you say it!!
• Be specific on why you liked or disliked something = behavioral explanations
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Compliment Sandwich