Download - Chapter 25 Rescuing and Moving Victims
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Chapter 25Rescuing and Moving
Victims
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Water Rescue (1 of 3)
• Reach-throw-row-go• Reach for the victim.
• Requires an object that can be extended to the victim.
• Throw anything that floats.• Tie a rope to the
object if possible.
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Water Rescue (2 of 3)
• Reach-throw-row-go (cont’d)• Row to the victim.
• If victim is out of throwing range• Go by swimming (must be trained).
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Water Rescue (3 of 3)
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Near-Drowning• Drowning: Suffocation by immersion
in water or other liquid.• Near-drowning: A victim survives an
immersion incident.
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Types of Drownings• Dry drownings
• No water passes the vocal cords.• Wet drownings
• Water, vomitus, or foreign bodies are aspirated into the lungs
• Secondary drownings• Resuscitated victim dies within 96 hours.
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Care for Drowning• Survey the scene before rescue.• If the victim was diving, suspect a
possible spinal injury.• Check breathing; treat accordingly.• If no spinal injury is suspected,
place victim on his or her side.
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Cold-Water Immersion (1 of 2)
• Cold water is water less than 70°F.• Cold water causes heat loss 25 times
faster than cold air.• Survivors should get as much of their
bodies out of water as possible.• Two potential medical emergencies
• Drowning and hypothermia
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Cold-Water Immersion (2 of 2)
• Cooling speed depends on:• Body fat• Body type• Physical fitness• Water temperature• Clothing• Alcohol• Behavior
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Heat Escape Lessening Position (HELP)
• Draw knees up close to chest
• Press arms to the sides• Remain as quiet as
possible• Two or more people
should huddle together quietly.
• Requires personal flotation devices
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Ice Rescue (1 of 2)
Near the shore:•Extend a pole or throw a line to victim with floatable object attached to it.•Pull victim toward shore or edge of ice.
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Ice Rescue (2 of 2)
Away from the shore:•Lie flat and push a ladder, plank, or similar object ahead of you.•Tie a rope to a spare tire and an anchor point on shore.
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Electrical Emergency Rescue (1 of 2)
• Electricity enters the body at the point of contact and travels along the nerves and blood vessels.
• Most indoor electrocutions are caused by:• Faulty electrical equipment • Careless use of electrical appliances.
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Electrical Emergency Rescue(2 of 2)
• Before touching the victim:• Turn off the electricity.• If you feel a tingling, do not approach.
• Raise one foot and hop to safety.
• If a power line falls over a car, the driver and passenger should stay in the car.
• Unless a fire or explosion threatens
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Hazardous Materials Incidents (1 of 2)
• Signs of hazardous materials:• Warning signs on vehicle
Source: U.S. Department of Transportation Source: U.S. Department of Transportation
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Hazardous Materials Incidents (2 of 2)
• Signs of hazardous materials (cont’d):• Leaks or spills• Strong, noxious odors• Cloud or strange-looking smoke
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Motor Vehicle Crashes (1 of 2)
• In most states, you are legally obligated to stop and help when you are involved in a crash.
• Park at least five car lengths away.• If police have not arrived call 9-1-1.• Turn on emergency hazard flashers.• Make sure scene is safe.
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Motor Vehicle Crashes (2 of 2)
• If you suspect spinal injuries, stabilize head and neck.
• Check and monitor breathing.• If possible, wait for EMS personnel to
remove victims.• Allow EMS to transport victims.
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Fires (1 of 2)
• Get all people out of the area quickly.
• Call 9-1-1.• Use a fire extinguisher if fire is small
and escape route is clear. • Aim directly at whatever is burning• Sweep across at base of flames
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Fires (2 of 2)
• If clothing catches fire:• Tear article off away from face • Keep victim from running.• Wrap a rug or blanket around victim’s
neck or throw a blanket on the victim. • Smother the flames by rolling the victim
on the floor.
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Threatening Dogs• Look for signs of a dog before entering.• Proceed with caution.• Ask owner to control a threatening dog.• Consider using a fire extinguisher, water
hose, or pepper spray.• Call police for assistance with a vicious
dog.
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Farm Animals• Farm animals can be dangerous.• Approach situation with caution.• Do not frighten an animal. • Use food to lure the animal away.
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Confined Spaces (1 of 2)
• Any area not intended for human occupancy that may have or develop a dangerous atmosphere
• Three types of confined spaces:• Below ground• Ground level• Above ground
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Confined Spaces (2 of 2)
• If someone enters and signals for help or becomes unresponsive:
• Call 9-1-1.• Do not rush in to help.• Try to rescue after help arrives. • Only trained and properly equipped
rescuers should enter the space. • Provide care once the victim is removed.
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Triage: What to Do with Multiple Victims
• Triage is the process of prioritizing or classifying injured victims.• Greatest good for the greatest
number
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Finding Life-Threatened Victims
• Tell all victims who can walk to move to a specific area.• Walking wounded: delayed care• Do not force victim to move• Perform primary check on remaining
victims
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Classifying Victims• Immediate care• Delayed care
• Up to 1 hour• Walking wounded
• Up to 3 hours• Dead
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Moving Victims• All necessary first aid should be
provided before moving victim• Only move if there is immediate danger.
• Fire• Explosives or hazardous materials• Impossible to protect from hazards• Impossible to access other victims
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Emergency Moves (1 of 7)
• Every effort should be made to pull victim in the direction of the long axis of the body to protect spinal cord.• Use various techniques.
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Emergency Moves (2 of 7)
• Shoulder drag• Ankle drag• Blanket pull
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Emergency Moves (3 of 7)
• Human crutch• Cradle carry
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Emergency Moves (4 of 7)
• Fire fighter’s carry• Pack-strap carry• Piggyback carry
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Emergency Moves (5 of 7)
• Two-person assist• Two-handed seat
carry
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Emergency Moves (6 of 7)
• Four-handed seat carry
• Extremity carry• Chair carry
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Emergency Moves (7 of 7)
• Hammock carry
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Nonemergency Moves (1 of 3)
• All injured parts should be stabilized before and during moving.
• The safest way to carry an injured victim is on some type of stretcher or litter.
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Nonemergency Moves (2 of 3)
• Blanket-and-pole improvised stretcher
• Blanket with no poles
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Nonemergency Moves (3 of 3)
• Board-improvised stretcher
• Commercial stretchers and litters