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Chapter 8, Section 3Rise of Political Parties
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A Distrust of Political Parties
Americans distrusted political parties◦They could be used for personal gain
◦Threat to unityParties grew up around two
adversaries◦Alexander Hamilton◦Thomas Jefferson
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Differing Views
Hamilton and Jefferson had differing views on what was best for the country
Manufacturing or farming?Federal or State governments
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Manufacturing or Farming?Differing Views
HamiltonThought the U.S. should model itself on Britain
Wanted government to encourage trade and manufacturing
Favored the growth of cities
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Manufacturing or Farming?Differing Views
Jefferson◦Believed farmers were the backbone of the nation
◦Feared manufacturing would corrupt the U.S.
◦Anti –big cities
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Differing ViewsFederal or state governments
Hamilton Jefferson
◦Wanted the federal government to have more power than the states
Wanted the state governments to have more power than the federal government
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Differing Views Bank of the United States
Hamilton Jefferson
Interpreted the Constitution loosely
Constitution gave Congress power to make all laws
Argued the bank was “necessary” to collect taxes and pay bills
◦ It gave too much power to the federal government and wealthy investors
◦ Called it unconstitutional: not permitted by the Constitution
◦ Interpreted the Constitution strictly
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JeffersonBank of the United States is unconstitutional
Jefferson’s strict interpretation◦Nowhere did it give the federal government power to create a bank
◦If not stated in the Constitution powers belong to the States
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Differing ViewsBritain or France?
Hamilton Jefferson
Wanted close ties with Britain
Important trading partner
Favored FranceFirst ally of the
U.S. in its struggle for independence
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Party Rivalry
When Congress began passing Hamilton’s programs Jefferson and Madison organized public support
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Republicans and Federalists
Democratic Republicans:
Federalists:
Jefferson’s supportersIncluded small
farmers, crafts workers, some wealthy planters
Hamilton’s supporters◦ Wanted a strong federal
governmentIncluded merchants
and manufacturers in cities and some wealthy southern planters
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Newspapers begin to take sides
Newspapers more than doubled in the late 1700s to meet the demands for information
Publishers lined up against the parties
Newspapers had great influence on public opinion◦Used rumor, opinion, and facts
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A Slim Victory
Political Parties plated an important role in choosing Washington successors
Under the Constitution the person with the most electoral votes became president
The next highest total was made Vice President
So……
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A Slim Victory
John Adams, A Federalist won office as President
Thomas Jefferson, a Republican became Vice President