Transcript
Page 1: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

Christian HistoryChristian History

Lesson 2Lesson 2

The Quest for OrderThe Quest for Order

Page 2: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

““the whole world perished in one the whole world perished in one city”city”

• The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD• Balance of power shifts from Balance of power shifts from

centralized Roman Government to centralized Roman Government to Barbarian warlordsBarbarian warlords

• St Jerome’s reaction contained in the St Jerome’s reaction contained in the preface to his commentary on preface to his commentary on EzekielEzekiel

• Augustine’s reply summed up in his Augustine’s reply summed up in his book “City of God”book “City of God”

Page 3: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

……the siege of Rome, and the falling the siege of Rome, and the falling asleep of many of my brethren and asleep of many of my brethren and sisters. I was so stupefied and sisters. I was so stupefied and dismayed that day and night I could dismayed that day and night I could think of nothing but the welfare of the think of nothing but the welfare of the community… full of anxiety, I was community… full of anxiety, I was wavering between hope and despair... wavering between hope and despair... But when the bright light of all the But when the bright light of all the world was put out, or, rather, when world was put out, or, rather, when the Roman Empire was decapitated, the Roman Empire was decapitated, and, to speak more correctly, the and, to speak more correctly, the whole world perished in one city.whole world perished in one city.

St. Jerome ca 410-414St. Jerome ca 410-414

Page 4: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

City of GodCity of God

• Written in response to accusations by pagan Written in response to accusations by pagan Romans that the failure to worship the old Romans that the failure to worship the old gods had brought ruin to the Empire (413-gods had brought ruin to the Empire (413-426 AD) Rome had stood for 1100 years426 AD) Rome had stood for 1100 years

• Points out that pagans sought refuge in Points out that pagans sought refuge in Christian Church’s (Aleric was an Arian Christian Church’s (Aleric was an Arian Christian) Christian)

• Exhorted Christians to look towards God’s Exhorted Christians to look towards God’s Kingdom rather than Earthly KingdomsKingdom rather than Earthly Kingdoms

• Augustin looked forward to a new civilization Augustin looked forward to a new civilization built on the foundations of Christianitybuilt on the foundations of Christianity

Page 5: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

Accordingly, two cities have been formed Accordingly, two cities have been formed by two loves: the earthly by the love of by two loves: the earthly by the love of self, even to the contempt of God; the self, even to the contempt of God; the heavenly by the love of God, even to the heavenly by the love of God, even to the contempt of self. The former, in a word, contempt of self. The former, in a word, glories in itself, the latter in the Lord. glories in itself, the latter in the Lord. For the one seeks glory from men; but For the one seeks glory from men; but the greatest glory of the other is God, the the greatest glory of the other is God, the witness of conscience. The one lifts up its witness of conscience. The one lifts up its head in its own glory; the other says to head in its own glory; the other says to its God, "Thou art my glory, and the lifter its God, "Thou art my glory, and the lifter up of mine head." up of mine head."

Page 6: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

The Dark AgesThe Dark Ages• Period of time between Augustine’s death Period of time between Augustine’s death

to Martin Luther’s birth 430AD-1483ADto Martin Luther’s birth 430AD-1483AD• Early Middle Ages, (590-1073) the Early Middle Ages, (590-1073) the

missionary period. Conversion of the missionary period. Conversion of the barbarians, dawn of a new civilization, the barbarians, dawn of a new civilization, the Great Schism, foundation of the Holy Great Schism, foundation of the Holy Roman Empire.Roman Empire.

• High Middle Ages, (1073-1294) rule of the High Middle Ages, (1073-1294) rule of the papal theocracy, the Crusades, papal theocracy, the Crusades, Monasticism, and Scholasticism.Monasticism, and Scholasticism.

• Late Middle Ages, (1294-1517) decline of Late Middle Ages, (1294-1517) decline of medieval Catholicism, papal exiles and medieval Catholicism, papal exiles and schisms, decline of scholasticism, growth schisms, decline of scholasticism, growth of mysticism, dawn of Reformationof mysticism, dawn of Reformation

Page 7: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

Vandals Vandals

Page 8: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

VandalsVandalsBurgundians Burgundians

Page 9: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

VandalsVandalsBurgundians Burgundians LombardsLombards

Page 10: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

VandalsVandalsBurgundians Burgundians LombardsLombardsFranksFranks

Page 11: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

VandalsVandalsBurgundians Burgundians LombardsLombardsFranksFranksMoorsMoors

Page 12: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

The Battle of ToursThe Battle of Tours732 AD732 AD

• Charles Martel “the Hammer” Charles Martel “the Hammer” (Charlemagne’s Grandfather) broke off his (Charlemagne’s Grandfather) broke off his campaign against the Saxons to meet the campaign against the Saxons to meet the Muslim invaders after an appeal from Odo Muslim invaders after an appeal from Odo Duke of AquitaineDuke of Aquitaine

• Charles picks his battlefield on a rise with Charles picks his battlefield on a rise with woods to his back and sides.woods to his back and sides.

• The Muslim line broke when Frankish The Muslim line broke when Frankish scouts began raiding their baggage trainscouts began raiding their baggage train

• Charles followed up this victory with Charles followed up this victory with incursions into Spain incursions into Spain

• The Caliphate fell into civil strife The Caliphate fell into civil strife afterwardafterward

Page 13: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of
Page 14: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

St. Bernard of ClairvauxSt. Bernard of Clairvaux1090-11531090-1153

• A Cistercian or “White A Cistercian or “White monk”monk”

• ““preached Christ most preached Christ most excellently”excellently”

• Instrumental in gathering Instrumental in gathering support for the Second support for the Second Crusade (1145)Crusade (1145)

• Helped write the Rule for Helped write the Rule for the Knights Templarthe Knights Templar

• Preached against the Preached against the Cathars (a Gnostic heresy) Cathars (a Gnostic heresy)

• Suppressed an early Suppressed an early reformation movement, reformation movement, the Henricans.the Henricans.

Page 15: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

Ulm MunsterUlm Munster

• Construction began Construction began 1377 and continued 1377 and continued off and on until 1890off and on until 1890

• The entire The entire community donated community donated to its construction, to its construction, including all the including all the women of the city women of the city who gave all their who gave all their jewelry.jewelry.

• Now a Lutheran Now a Lutheran Church it is also the Church it is also the tallest in the worldtallest in the world

Page 16: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Cathedrale Notre-Dame de ChartresChartres

• Construction Construction began in 1145 in began in 1145 in a wave of a wave of enthusiasm called enthusiasm called “the cult of the “the cult of the carts”carts”

• Cathedrals were a Cathedrals were a form of religious form of religious expression, praise expression, praise and devotionand devotion

Page 17: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

Thomas AquinasThomas Aquinas1220-12741220-1274

• Born a noble birth, Born a noble birth, was a Dominican was a Dominican monk and a Doctor monk and a Doctor of the Churchof the Church

• Wrote philosophical Wrote philosophical and exegetical and exegetical commentariescommentaries

• One of three great One of three great theological minds, theological minds, along with Augustine along with Augustine and Calvinand Calvin

Page 18: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

St AnselmSt Anselm1033-11091033-1109

• Born in Burgundy, became a Born in Burgundy, became a Benedictine monk at Le BecBenedictine monk at Le Bec

• Archbishop of Canterbury Archbishop of Canterbury under William II King of under William II King of England (1093)England (1093)

• Writings offered a logical Writings offered a logical and philosophical approach and philosophical approach to theologyto theology

• ““he who does not believe, he who does not believe, has not felt, and he who has has not felt, and he who has not felt, does not not felt, does not understand”understand”

• Redefined the theology of Redefined the theology of the atonementthe atonement

Page 19: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

The Monastic OrdersThe Monastic Orders

• Two distinct types, contrasted by the Two distinct types, contrasted by the way they ministered the Gospelway they ministered the Gospel

• ““Stabilitas” Benedictine and other Stabilitas” Benedictine and other minor ordersminor orders

• ““Mobilitas” Franciscan and Mobilitas” Franciscan and Dominican ordersDominican orders

Page 20: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

Benedictine OrderBenedictine Order

• Founded in the Founded in the sixth centurysixth century

• Self sufficientSelf sufficient• Basic motto “pray Basic motto “pray

and work”and work”• Several reform Several reform

movements, i.e. movements, i.e. CisterciansCistercians

Page 21: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

St Francis of AssisiSt Francis of Assisi1182-12261182-1226

• Born to a wealthy family, “master of Born to a wealthy family, “master of revels”revels”

• Visited Rome in 1208, exchanged his Visited Rome in 1208, exchanged his fine clothes for those of a beggarfine clothes for those of a beggar

• Beginning of the mendicant order, Beginning of the mendicant order, “beggar”“beggar”

• Possession of property forbidden, Possession of property forbidden, lived off of donations from followers, lived off of donations from followers, example from apostlesexample from apostles

Page 22: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

Reform on the HorizonReform on the Horizon

• Three major forces governing the Three major forces governing the Catholic faithCatholic faith

• Priesthood, the Empire, and the Priesthood, the Empire, and the UniversityUniversity

• The University became the The University became the instrument of reform instrument of reform

• Early reformers John Huss, University Early reformers John Huss, University of Prague and Wycliffe, Oxford of Prague and Wycliffe, Oxford UniversityUniversity

Page 23: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

John WycliffeJohn Wycliffe1320-13841320-1384

• The Morning Star of the ReformationThe Morning Star of the Reformation• Best known for his translation of the Bible into Best known for his translation of the Bible into

the English language. (based on the Vulgate)the English language. (based on the Vulgate)• Sent itinerate preachers to preach in the open Sent itinerate preachers to preach in the open

air air • Lollard movement and peasant revolt arose Lollard movement and peasant revolt arose

from his ministryfrom his ministry• His remains were exhumed, burned and His remains were exhumed, burned and

scattered as ordered at the Council of scattered as ordered at the Council of Constance 1415Constance 1415

Page 24: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

John HussJohn Huss1370-14151370-1415

• Rector of the University of PragueRector of the University of Prague• Defined the Church as the body of Christ Defined the Church as the body of Christ

with Christ as its only headwith Christ as its only head• Copied by hand all of Wycliffe’s works he Copied by hand all of Wycliffe’s works he

possessedpossessed• Condemned and burned at the Council of Condemned and burned at the Council of

Constance after being assured of the Constance after being assured of the emperors protectionemperors protection

• His followers the “Hussites” became the His followers the “Hussites” became the seeds of the Moravian Churchseeds of the Moravian Church

Page 25: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

In ConclusionIn Conclusion

One thing that can be seen as common One thing that can be seen as common in the lives of all these men is that in in the lives of all these men is that in many ways they are flawed like you and many ways they are flawed like you and I, but by God’s Grace through them His I, but by God’s Grace through them His Gospel was carried through the era. Gospel was carried through the era. None of these men were able to None of these men were able to operate or think outside of their time or operate or think outside of their time or culture and their writings reflect that. culture and their writings reflect that. There is only one who transcends time There is only one who transcends time and culture, that is the Christ. and culture, that is the Christ.

Page 26: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

Church History ModelsChurch History Models The Catholic The Catholic PerspectivePerspective

East-West SchismEast-West Schism

The Reformers and The Reformers and Heretics deviateHeretics deviate

Early ChurchEarly Church

Present DayPresent Day

Page 27: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

Church History ModelsChurch History Models The Protestant The Protestant

PerspectivePerspective

Early-High Middle AgesEarly-High Middle Ages The Catholics deviateThe Catholics deviate

Early ChurchEarly Church

Present DayPresent Day

Page 28: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

Church History ModelsChurch History Models The Restored Church The Restored Church

Perspective Perspective

Apostolic or Pre-NiceanApostolic or Pre-Nicean

Modern ChurchModern Church

Early ChurchEarly Church

Present DayPresent Day

Page 29: Christian History Lesson 2 The Quest for Order. “the whole world perished in one city” The Goths sack Rome 410 ADThe Goths sack Rome 410 AD Balance of

Church History ModelsChurch History Models The Landmark Baptist The Landmark Baptist

PerspectivePerspectiveEarly ChurchEarly Church

Present DayPresent Day

FalseFalseChurchChurch

TrueTrueChurchChurch


Top Related