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Oct. 1, 2008
Christoph Schwanda
The HEPHY Belle group
HEPHY Scientific Advisory Board Meeting
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2Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
The Belle experiment
• Belle is a collider experiment located atKEK, the Japanese national lab for particlephysics in Tsukuba, 50 km from Tokyo
• Belle sits on the KEKB asymmetric energye+e- collider, which has been operating since1999
• It probes the flavor sector of the StandardModel, mainly through measuring CPviolation in B meson decays
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3Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
~1 km in diameter
Mt. Tsukuba
KEKB
Belle
KEKB and Belle @ KEK
8 GeV e- on 3.5 GeV e+
• Center of mass energy: Y(4S) (10.58 GeV)
• Peak luminosity: 1.712 x 1034 cm-2s-1
(design was 1034 cm-2s-1)
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4Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
Luminosity history
Belle will have ~1/ab (~1 billion BB events)
by the end of data taking in March 2010
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5Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
μ / KL detection
14/15 lyr. RPC+Fe
CsI(Tl) 16X
0
Si vtx. det. 3(4) lyr. DSSD
SC solenoid 1.5T
8 GeV e
3.5 GeV e+
Aerogel Cherenkov cnt. n=1.015~1.030
Central Drift Chamber
small cell +He/C2H5
TOF counter
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6Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
The Belle collaboration
13 countries, 55 institutes, ~400 collaborators
HEPHY ViennaITEPKanagawa U.KEKKorea U.Krakow Inst. of Nucl. Phys.Kyoto U.Kyungpook Nat l U.EPF LausanneJozef Stefan Inst. / U. ofLjubljana / U. of MariborU. of Melbourne
Aomori U.BINPChiba U.Chonnam Nat l U.U. of CincinnatiEwha Womans U.Frankfurt U.Gyeongsang Nat l U.U. of HawaiiHiroshima Tech.IHEP, BeijingIHEP, Moscow
Nagoya U.Nara Women s U.National Central U.National Taiwan U.National United U.Nihon Dental CollegeNiigata U.Osaka U.Osaka City U.Panjab U.Peking U.U. of PittsburghPrinceton U.RikenSaga U.USTC
plus Karlsruhe U., MPI Munich, Chennai andWayne U. (joined in summer 2008)
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7Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
• Charged current interaction in the Standard Model
• VCKM is the unitary 3x3 matrix of coupling constants
of weak transitions
• It also contains the KM phase, responsible for all CP
violating phenomena observed so far!
The Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism
[Kobayashi, Maskawa,
Prog. Theor. Phys. 49,
652 (1973)]
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8Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
The unitarity triangle
= 1
= 2
= 3
(1,0)(0,0)
( , )
B0 J/ KS
B ,
B D(*)K(*) Dalitz
B Xl
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9Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
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10Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
List of Members
• Wolfgang Dungel, Ph.D. student
• Markus Friedl, electronics
• Christian Irmler, electronics
• Franz Mandl, physics analysis
• Winfried Mitaroff, physics analysis
• Manfred Pernicka, electronics
• *Christoph Schwanda, physics analysis
• Laurenz Widhalm, physics analysis
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11Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
Belle physics output
• As of today, there are 275 Belle papers publishedmainly in Phys.Rev.Lett. and Phys.Rev.D; one paperpublished in Nature
• 5 Belle papers have a Vienna first author
• Number of Belle presentations by Vienna membersat international conferences/workshops
322instrumentation
445physics
200820072006year
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12Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
Our main fields of interest
• Semileptonic B decays (|Vub|, |Vcb|)– First observation B+ l+ [PRL93, 131803]
– |Vcb| inclusive [PRD75, 032005], [PRD78, 032016]
– B0 D*-l+ (|Vcb| exclusive and form factors)[ICHEP08 prel.]
• I’m also convenor ofthe semileptonic decaygroup in Belle and co-chairof HFAG semileptonic
|Vcb| and mb
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13Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
• Charm decays
– D0 K-( -)l+ [PRL97, 061804]
– Ds+ μ+ [PRL100, 241801]
Ds+ μ+D0 K-l+
D0 -l+
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14Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
KEKB/Belle upgrade• Asymmetric energy e+e collider at ECM=m( (4S)) to be realized by
upgrading the existing KEKB collider.
• Super-high luminosity 8 1035/cm2/sec 1 10 10 BB per yr.
9 10 9 + per yr.
Higher beam current,
more RF, smaller y* and
crab crossing
L = 4 1035/cm2/sec
Belle with improved rate immunity
http://belle.kek.jp/superb/loi
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15Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
A.Suzuki
(KEK DG)
Jan-4, 2008
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16Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
Belle upgrade at Vienna
• The Vienna institute has expressed its
interest in the Belle upgrade
• I’m a member of the Super-Belle Steering
Committee (SBSC)
• We intend to make a significant contribution
to the upgrade of the Silicon Vertex
Detector (module design/production,
readout)
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17Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
Belle Silicon Vertex Detector
• Present: SVD2 (installed 2003)
– 4 layers, total of 246 double-sided silicon detectors (DSSDs)
– Readout electronics (FADCs)
built by the Vienna group
– Extremely low material budget
but slow readout (~800ns peaking time)
SVD2 occupancy vs. layer
10%
L1
L2
L3 L4
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18Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
SVD upgrade
• New readout chip: DSSD layers will be readout by
APV25 chips (50 ns shaping time)
• Challenge: maintain good S/N, minimize material
DEPFET
DSSD (conventional)
DSSD (chip-on-sensor)
0
0
10
20
-10-20-30 10 20 30 40
12
34
5layers
[cm]
[cm]
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19Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
Vienna Origami Concept
• Extension of chip-on-sensor to double-sided readout
• All chips aligned on one side single cooling pipe
zylon rib
APV25 cooling pipe
4-layer kapton hybrid
integrated fanout(or: second metal)
DSSD
single-layer flex wrapped to p-side
Side View
(below)
APV25(thinned to 100μm)
zylon ribcooling pipe
DSSDRohacellKapton
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20Christoph SchwandaOct. 1, 2008
Summary
• Belle and KEKB are running successfully
since 1999
– The Vienna group has made significant
contributions to both analysis and detector
hardware
• The end of Belle data taking is forseen for
March 2010; the upgraded experiment will
resume in April 2013
– The Vienna group is heavily involved in the
upgrade effort of the Silicon Vertex Detector