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Clay Vocabulary
Ceramics- Objects that are made of clay and fired in a kiln are ceramic
Plastic- soft and easily shaped
Subtractive process - Carving or removing clay to create small details, patterns, or textures
Additive process - joining pieces of clay together
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Ceramics Project Objectives: Learn about the clay process: sculptural techniques science of firing clay the history of ceramics decorating clay objects
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Ceramic objects can be functional (useful)
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Or functional and decorative
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…………or just decorative
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We are going to make a container that has a lid
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Today 1. make a drawing of your
container 2. Make templates of every side
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Clay Vocabulary
• Leather hard-the condition of clay that is partially dry. Leather hard clay can be carved and connected with slip
• Slip- a mixture of clay and water that is used to connect pieces of clay
• Bone dry- Clay that is completely dry. Clay must be bone dry before it can be fired.
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Carving leather hard clay
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Art 1 Vocabulary
• Greenware- clay that is dry and ready to be fired
• Bisqueware- Clay that has been fired, but not glazed
• Firing- The process of heating clay to very high temperatures (1800-2300 degrees)
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The earliest method of firing clay was pit firing. The clay was
buried under pieces of wood
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The fire was allowed to cool down slowly, so that the clay pieces wouldn’t crack.
Then they were washed and decorated.
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The Beehive Kiln was invented next. Having a separate firebox underneath the clay pieces allowed for more even heat distribution, and
fewer pieces would break
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Most kilns today are either gas or electric
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Vocabulary • Glaze-
• A thin, glassy coating that is used to decorate and protect ceramic objects.
• -apply 3 coats
- Let dry completely between coats
• -no glaze on the base (where it will touch the shelf)
• - do not mix colors
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Clay Project
Self Evaluation
1. I created a container………………………………………………………………………………………………… (20 pts.) _____
2. The container has a lid that fits securely……………………………………………………………………(20 pts.) _____
3. The container is well constructed and all parts are connected securely with slip……… (20 pts) _____
4. The areas that are supposed to be smooth ARE smooth. The textured areas
are neatly done and they enhance (improve) the look of the container……………….. (20 pts.) _____
5. My container is original, inventive and creative. I have added enough
detail to make it interesting to look at…………………………………………………………………. (20 pts.) _____
Total……………. (100 pts.) _____
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Rules for Using Clay • DO NOT throw clay!
• Do not drop it on the floor
• Do not take it out of the classroom
• DO clean up your area at the end of class
• Do return the tools at the end of class
• Be careful with the clay tools! They are sharp!