COMENIUS PROJECT 2011-2013LICEO GALILEO GALILEI, PESCARA
ITALY
CLIMATE CHANGE?CHANGE YOUR LIFE!
TRUE UNIVERSALITY IN ARCHITECTURE
CAN BE ATTAINED ONLY THROUGH CONNECTION
WITH THE ROOTS,
GRATITUDE FOR THE PAST AND RESPECT FOR THE ‘GENIUS
LOCI’Cit. Renzo Piano
MEMORIES OF THE PASTHOPES FOR THE FUTURE
BUILDING MATERIALS IN ANCIENT ROME
The Romans used a wide variety of materials from chalk and sand to pozzolanic concrete mixed with mortar. The also mixed pumice stone with concrete in order to render it lighter. Stone was a clearly an important material:• Marble was used to decorate surfaces• Lime and sand stone were used for pedestrian areas• Basaltic lava or granites were employed for uses subjected
to great stressAs with stone the Romans were extremely advanced in their knowledge and use of different types of wood.
COLOSSEUM
WINDOWS, BATHS AND SOLAR ENERGY IN ANCIENT ROME
Prominent features of Roman architecture were windows and the use of solar energy. Especially in magnificent baths, glazed windows oriented towards the sun were usefull to heat these large buildings.According to this hypothesis Romans anticipated the modern ideas about solar energy, heat transfert and glazed windows to offer human comfort.
ROMAN BATH
SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
AND GREEN ECONOMY
• Materials• Green roof• City planning• Light• Orientation
Susteinable suburb of stockholm
‘Alternative natural materials’ is a general term that describes natural materials such as rock or adobe that are not as commoly in use as
wood or iron. These materials offer good thermal mass and thermal insulation (rock, cordwood), flexibility
(bamboo) and are waterproof and fire-resistant (rammed earth, papercrete).
Moreover the minimize negative effects that our built environment can have on the planet.
Green roofs are a new development in sustanaible buildings that are gaining in popularity across the world. They can be divided in two types:
Intensive living roofs Extensive living roofs
Both types of green roofs can be used with small differences.A green roof system consists of layers that mimic natural processes and also protects the building and the roof itself.Living roofs can be designed to grow local plants.
Green Economy is an emerging sector including things such as organic produce, construction of ‘green buildings’ and new
energy sources. It represents an economical model in
contrast to the more traditional one, based on fossil fuels.
Green economy is based on the awarness that our biosphere is a limitated system
and we must not exploit it.
WE ARE JUST A PIECE OF OUR
WORLD’S JIGSAW PUZZLE
WE planned a new sustainable school building as our own example of green architecture
. . .
We want to be protagonist and say how we would like our school to be!
. . .
‘WE ARE THE ONES
WHO MAKE A BRIGHTER DAY SO LET START
GIVING’
THE DAM
USE OF WATER
• To produce electric energy
• For Water supply
The dam is a barrier to a natural watercourse that is used to create an artificial lake. It can be used in different ways:
• To stabilize water flow for irrigation • For flow prevention
• To prevent access of water in an area that would otherwise be submerged• To use water in other ways useful to men
• For the navigation when the dams are large enough, …….otherwise they are used to block and close the course of the river• To create a naturalistic landscape
Gravity damsWhich are massive concrete structures of simple geometric shape; the area of the artificial lake is straight or arched and the wall exposed to the water is vertical or sub-vertical according to the slope of the valley. This structure is extremely safe if there are natural phenomena like earthquakes or extreme floods.
According to the material used for the costruction, it can be in concrete, in rocks or in mixed materials.
Buttress damsThis structure is similar to the gravity dams, but the wall of the dam is more inclined than the walls of the gravity dams.
These are generally built in the valley of the river’s course, in particular in a place of low gradient.
Their structure, which is built in concrete, is particularly simple thanks the resistances of the arches which transfer the load of water to the side walls of the mountains.
Arch dams
Today dams have increased in numbers, quality and quantity, creating a situation of global alert.In the world there are more than 800 000 dams of all sizes.
A dam can store a quantity of water of about 6000 cubic kilometers, equal to 15% of the renewable water of the earth.However, dams produce 19% of energy and 16% of all global food production.
Chiauci’s Dam
San Domenico’s Dam
Campotosto’s Dam
Penne’s Dam Sant’Angelo’s dam
Bomba’s lake Dam
Water used in DRINKS
A drink, or a beverage, is a kind of liquid which is specifically prepared for human consumption. There are many groups of drinks: plain water, alcoholic drinks, non-alcoholic drinks, soft drinks (carbonated drinks), fruit or vegetable juices and hot drinks.
An alcoholic beverage is a drink that contains ethanol, commonly known as alcohol. Beer has been a part of human culture for 8000 years. The percentage of water is about 90%.
ALCOHOLIC DRINKS
NON-ALCOHOLIC DRINKS
A non-alcoholic drink is one that contains little or no alcohol. This category includes low-alcohol beer, non-alcoholic wine and apple cider, if they contain less than 0,5% alcohol by volume.
SOFT DRINKS
The term “soft drink” specifies the absence of alcohol in contrast to “hard drink”. Beverages such as soda pop, sparkling water, iced tea, lemonade, root beer and fruit punch are the most common soft drinks. Some carbonated drinks are available in versions that are sweetened with a sugar substitute. The percentage of water is about 85%.
FRUIT JUICES
Fruit juice is a natural product that contains few or no additives. Citrus products such as orange and tangerine juice are familiar breakfast drinks. Grapefruit juice, pineapple, apple, grape, lime and lemon juice are also common. Coconut water is a highly nutritious and refreshing juice. Many kinds of berries are crushed and their juices mixed with water and sometimes sweetened. Juices were probably the earliest drinks besides water. Grape juice allowed to ferment produces wine. Orange juice and coconut water remain by far the most highly consumed juices. The percentage of water can vary from 0% to 50%.
HOT DRINKS
A hot drink is any beverage which is normally served heated, by the addition of a heated liquid, such as water or milk, or directly heating the drink itself. Examples are hot chocolate, coffee, tea, tisane, etc. The percentage of water can vary from 25% to 50%.
In the last few years many beverage companies have been responsible for the lack of water in some areas or for changes in public policy to privatize this vital liquid, as well as , affect the economy of many countries. For example, in India 70% of the population based their subsistence on agriculture and therefore on water; communities living next to the bottling plants of the multinational Coca-Cola are suffering the gradual contamination of the land and a progressive lack of water caused by the huge amounts of fresh water necessary for the beverage manufacture. The impact of these factors has affected mainly the most vulnerable communities: indigenous people, women, disadvantaged social classes, small farmers, who have suffered the loss of traditional subsistence of communities and food security for thousands of people.
water Without water life does
not exist. Fresh water is used for drinking, washing,
irrigating, producing energy. It is the most used of the
other sources.
It is in the three-quarters of our muscles and our brain, it makes us assimilate food; it brings nourishment and oxygen to the cells and removes waste products through the blood and lymphatic system, lubricates every joint of our body and is its natural air conditioning trought the sweating.A human body can contain 47 liters of that!!
97%
2% 1%
Seas and oceans GlaciersFresh water
68.9%
29.9%0.9% 0.3%
Glaciers
Aquifer
Soil/air humidity
On the surface
About fresh water (3% of the total)Water totally in the world (that covers 71% of of this)
The lack of waterCauses:● Waste and bad uses of
water;● Pollution;● Water as
merchandise;● Deforestation;● Privatizations;● Industries.
Consequences:• Illness;• Desertification;• Alteration of
ecosystem;• Incrementation of
shortage:• Heating of weather.
Possible solution
to obtain fresh water from salted water
Water purification• Water purification is
the process of removing undesiderable chemicals , biological contaminants, suspended solids and gases from contaminated water.
Desalination by ion concentration polarizationDuring this process , both salts and larger particles are pushed away from the membrane, which significantly reduces the possibility of membrane fouling and salt accumulation.
A charge-driven molecular water pump
Nanopumps driven by electric or magnetic fields can transport ions and magnetic quanta. It is a combination of charges positioned adjacent to a nanopore and is inspired by the structure of channels in the cellular membrane that conduct water in and out of the cell (aquaporins).
Ozonation in water treatmentThe treatment process
does not add chemicals to the water. Ozone can eliminate a wide variety of inorganic, organic and microbiological problems and taste and odor problems. The microbiological agents include bacteria, viruses, and protozons
Water as renewable
energy
Hydropower
Wave power
4IFederico Falcone
Chiara FirmaniAnna ColettiDenis Le Ardi
Jessica D’AmbrosioLuca Terenzi
Lorenzo BuccellaAlessio Chiavaroli
Valeria CianciarusoParide De NicolaMattia Di Donato
Alexandra DiaconuAugusto Giancola
Stefano MazzocchettiIlaria Scoglio
Gianluca Sofia
4HAntonio Agusto
Federica CarducciAlessandro Ciarfella
Amerigo CirelliVanessa Da FermoLorenzo Del RossiCarola Di CamilloSamuele Di FabioMatteo Di Fulvio
Noemi Di GiandomenicoMarina Di MichelePierpalolo MarianiMatteo Mascione
Cinzia PaoliniFabio Paparella
Pierfrancesco PompaMaria Giulia RolliMichele Romano
Lorenzo ScoccheraStefano SpadanoAlessandro Tolli
Francesco TriozziFabrizio Varelli
4CMattia Barbarossa
Lisa CafarelliAminta CarozzaSilvia CavalloneNoemi Colucci
Caterina CrudeliLorenzo Di FazioFabrizio Di FioreDaniele Di RenzoVeronica FerranteLudovica Fraicassè
Kevin FurbescoAlessia Fusco
Lorenza GianvittorioFrancesco Ianni
Francesca LobefaroFrancesco MagriniAurora MarangoniVittorio Maroscia
Valentina MembrinoHilary MurilloAlice OrtolanoIlaria Ortuso
Alessia PalestiniBruno Parisse
Mariano PomanteFrancesco Troiano
4 EBenigni
BozziCilli
D’accurzioD’agostino
De PasqualeDel Zozzo
FalascaFerrariniGasbarriLo RussoMarchioli
MoricoNicolò
OrlandoPace
PalladinettiPardo
PergoliniPierguidiPingelliRenzettiSpadano
TaraborrelliTomaiuolo