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groups. Although patients with more severe CVD presented lowerflow volume augmentation during call-up (r¼-0.64; P¼.003) andduring reabsorption maneuver (r¼-0.52; P¼.031), respectively inFV and GSV.Conclusions: Manual lymphatic drainage increases venous flowin lower extremity with a magnitude that is independent of thespecific technique employed or the presence of CVD. Therefore,MLD may be an alternative strategy for treatment and prevention ofvenous stasis complications in CVD.
Poster 51Comparative Analysis of In-Ground and Above-Ground Swimming Pool Injuries.Alexa T. Kwart, Student (University of Virginia, Charlot-tesville, VA, United States); Kara J. Kwart, Student; MarkR. Conaway, PhD; Paul T. Diamond, MD.
Disclosures: A. T. Kwart, No Disclosures: I Have Nothing ToDisclose.Objective: To examine the demographics and injuries associatedwith in-ground and above-ground swimming pools.Design: Retrospective analysis of swimming pool-related injuriesreported to the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System overa 5-year period.Setting: General community.Participants: 532 persons who presented to emergency depart-ments with either in-ground (366) or above-ground (166) swim-ming pool-related injuries. Mean age was 29.5 years (SE 3.0), 58%male, 42% female.Interventions: Not applicable.Main Outcome Measures: Location and type of injury,mechanism of injury, treatment disposition.Results or Clinical Course: Injuries to the head and faceregion represented the most common site of all swimming pool-related injuries and were over twice as prevalent in in-ground(38%) than above-ground pools (20%) (P¼.002). Over half of allinjuries occurred in children under age 17. The most commontypes of swimming pool-related injuries included contusions/abrasions/lacerations (43%), fracture/dislocation (15%), andsprains/strains (14%). Submersion/drowning injuries were morecommon with in-ground pools (11%) compared with above-ground pools (2%) (P¼.039). Slipping/falling was the mostcommon mechanism of injury in both in-ground (27%) andabove-ground (50%) pools. Collisions while swimming repre-sented 20% of in-ground pool-related injuries and 13% of above-ground pool-related injuries. Jumping/diving accounted for 20%of injuries for both pool types. The majority (90%) of persons whopresented to the emergency room for all swimming pool-relatedinjuries were treated and released. However, 8% of injuriesfrom in-ground pools required hospitalization as compared withone percent of injuries from above-ground pools (P<.0001).Outcomes were similar for both males and females. Overallmortality was 0.6%.Conclusions: Injuries to the head and face are the most prevalentamong persons with swimming pool-related injuries, occurringsignificantly more often in in-ground pools than above-groundpools. The majority of pool-related injuries appear to result fromslipping/falling and do not require hospitalization. Childrenaccount for the majority of all pool-related trauma. In-ground poolsare associated with the most severe injuries.
Poster 52Surface Electromyography Studies of PharyngealSwallowing in Normal Subjects: Establishment ofTiming and Amplitude Database.Zhen Feng (First Affiliated Hospital of NanchangUniversity, NanChang, China).
Disclosures: Z. Feng, the First Affiliated Hosptial of NanchangUniversity, OtherObjective: Surface electromyography (sEMG) studies were per-formed on normal adults of different ages to establish normativedatabase for duration and amplitude of related muscle activityduring pharyngeal swallowing.Setting: A total of 187 healthy adults were separated into 4 groupsaccording to their ages: ages 18-30, 31-50, 51-70 and 70þyears ofage. The timing and amplitude of related muscles activity duringpharyngeal swallowing each subject was measured by sEMG tech-nique and analysis system, then mean value of the timing andamplitude of normal adults of different ages were calculated andanalyzed.Results or Clinical Course: Normative database for timing andamplitude of muscle activity during pharyngeal swallowing(meanþstandard deviation). The present study indicated that theduration of sEMG activity is related to age, the time was graduallyextended with age, there was no significant difference among allthree dosed groups (p>.05); the timing was significantly pro-longed in the fourth group (70þ age). In addition, the duration ofsEMG activity has also related to swallow type although theduration of sEMG was the same between dry and wet swallowing,there was a significant difference in the excessive swallow. Theaverage amplitude of sEMG activity was irrelevant to age betweensubmental and infrahyoid group, at the same time. In the sub-mental group, the average amplitude of sEMG activity was notconcerned with swallow type either, however, in infrahyoidgroup,the average amplitude of sEMG activity was related toswallow type. The first two groups, there was no significantdifference in different swallow tests (p>.05). The third groups (51-70 age) and the forth group (70þ age): there was no significantdifference between dry swallow and wet swallow, but the averageamplitude of excessive swallowing was higher than dry swallow-ing, and was statistically significant (P<.05).Conclusions: This is the first time to establish the normativedatabase of duration and amplitude of muscle activity duringpharyngeal swallowing of Chinese normal adults with sEMGtechnique and analysis system, which reveals the sEMG character-istics of swallowing in Chinese normal adults, which providescientific basis for clinch screening and evaluating swallowing.
Poster 53Botulinum A Toxin Injections For Right UpperExtremity Spastic Hemiparesis in a Patient With RightArm Lymphedema: A Case Report.Fabiolla Siqueira, MD (MedStar National RehabilitationHospital, Washington, DC, United States); Eric Wisotzky,MD.
Disclosures: F. Siqueira, No Disclosures: I Have Nothing ToDisclose.Case Description: A 55-year-old woman with history of rightbreast cancer and left brain infarct presented to our clinicfor lymphedema evaluation. Patient developed right arm
