Download - Composite applications in concrete structures Professor John L Clarke The Concrete Society
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Composite applications in concrete structures
Professor John L Clarke
The Concrete Society
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Why use FRP reinforcement?
• Corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete structures in aggressive environments is a major problem
• Current concrete approaches are often inadequate
• Stainless steel reinforcement is expensive
• FRP should offer a viable alternative
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Japanese road bridge
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Bridge with FRP prestressing
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Japanese foot and cycle bridge
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Berlin Footbridge
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Oslo Footbridge
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Herning Bridge,Denmark
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Casting ‘steel-free’ deck
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Fender support beam, Qatar
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Non-magnetic fencing
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Summary - FRP reinforcement
• Correctly specified FRP materials are suitable for use in concrete
• Initial design guidance is now available
• Initial conservative safety factors will be modified as experience grows
• Demonstration structures world-wide show that the material is viable
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Reasons for strengthening
• Requirement for increased load capacity (e.g. change of use or regulations)
• Insufficient/incorrectly located reinforcement
• Change of structural form (e.g. cutting holes through slabs or removal of supports)
• Damage (e.g. corrosion or impact)
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Types of strengthening
• Beams and slabs– Bending– Shear
• Columns– Axial load– Bending– Shear (impact)– Seismic loading
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Types of materials
• Pultruded composite plates
• Fabrics– Sheet materials – Tapes
• Pre-formed shells
• Pre-formed shear straps
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Coil of carbon plate
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Strengthening concrete with FRP
• Advantages– Cost effective solution - rapid installation and
hence limited possession time– Limited preparation - no bolts required
• Disadvantages– Lack of agreed design approaches– Lack of long term experience– Approach appears to be too easy (!!)
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Strengthening canal bridge
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Installing FRP strips on bridge deck
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Bridge strengthened with FRP
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Strengthening Glade Bridge
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Applying adhesive to fabric
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Fabric impregnation machine
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Wrapping column
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Wrapping column
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Column wrapping machine
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Bridge over Bodmin Bypass
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Contents of Concrete Society Technical Report 55
• Introduction • Background
• Material types and properties
• Review of applications
• Structural design - flexure, shear, columns
• Detailing
• Workmanship
• Available materials • Quality control