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COMPUTER CONCEPTSComputer Information Systems
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COURSE COMPETENCIES
Explain the functions of computer system components.
Describe the information processing cycle.Describe various computer input & output devices.Describe various auxiliary storage devices.Describe wireless and mobile devices.Identify basic networking components.
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FUNCTIONS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM COMPONENTS
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PROCESSOR
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Brain of a computer Executes program
instructions
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MEMORY
Main Memory / Primary Storage
Used during information processing cycle
Lost when computer powers off
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INPUT DEVICES
Any peripheral (piece of hardware equipment) used to provide data to the computer
Mouse, keyboard, camera, scanner
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OUTPUT DEVICES
Any piece of hardware used to communicate the results of data processing
Speakers, printer, monitor
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STORAGE
Secondary Storage Not directly
accessible by CPU External hard drive,
USB flash drive, memory card
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INFORMATION PROCESSING CYCLE
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PARTS OF THE INFORMATION PROCESSING CYCLE
InputProcessStorage
Output
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ROLE IN THE INFORMATION CYCLE
Data is entered
Changes, computations, save for future
Communicate results
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WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THE INFORMATION PROCESSING CYCLE AS IT RELATES TO COMPUTER SYSTEMS?
The main function of a computer system is to process information.
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INPUT, OUTPUT, ANDSTORAGE DEVICES
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CD / DVD
Storage device Optical disk – uses
light / lasers Often used for music,
text files, and photos Read-only vs.
rewritable
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EXTERNAL HARD DRIVE
Storage Stores large data sets Connects by USB port
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USB FLASH DRIVE
Storage device Convenient &
portable Fast! Easy to erase /
rewrite
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KEYBOARD
Input device Used to enter text
information into the computer
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MICROPHONE
Input device Records sound &
digitizes it to be stored in the computer for playback
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MONITOR
Output device Provides a visual
display from the computer
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MOUSE
Input device Handheld pointing
device that controls the on-screen cursor
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PRINTER
Output device Produces a computer
image on paper InkJet vs. LaserJet
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SCANNER
Input device Images a printed
page or graphic by digitizing it
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SPEAKERS
Output device Converts electric
current into sound format
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TOUCH SCREEN
Input & output device Touch-sensitive
display screen on which a user can make choices by pressing button images
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WIRELESS & MOBILE DEVICES
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WIRELESS & MOBILE DEVICES
Laptop Small, mobile personal computer that runs on a single battery or AC/DC adapter
PDAPersonal Digital Assistant; used for calculations, clocks, calendars, games, Internet, email, radio, etc.; characterized by touch screens
TabletNotebook- or Slate-shaped mobile computer; touch screen operated with a stylus or digital pen
Smartphone
Integrates the functionality of a mobile phone with a PDA
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BASIC NETWORKING COMPONENTS
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SERVER
Computer designed to process requests and deliver data to other computers over a local network or the Internet
Central repository of data and various programs that are shared by other users in a network
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NETWORK INTERFACE CARD (NIC)
Expansion card that enables a computer to connect to a network
Most computers now have built-in NICs
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ROUTER
Join multiple networks together
Able to filter traffic by analyzing IP addresses of senders and receivers
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SWITCH
Joins multiple computers together within one local area network
Inspects data and determines the source & destination
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FIREWALL
Protects a computer network from unauthorized access
Also limit access to the outside from internal users
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QUESTIONS?
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EXIT TICKET!
3 different input devices 2 auxiliary storage devices 1 basic networking component