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Convergence of Logistics & Trading
Danang, March 2017
Mark Millar www.markmillar.com
Mark Millar www.markmillar.com
March 2017 in DaNang, Vietnam
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Mark Millar MBA, FCILT, FCIM, FHKLA, GAICD, SCOR-P Speaker, Moderator, Advisor, Author Mark Millar leverages over 30 years global business
experience to provide value for clients with informed and independent perspectives on their supply chain strategies in Asia.
Acknowledged as an engaging presenter who delivers a memorable impact, Mark has completed more than 450 speaking engagements at corporate events, client functions and industry conferences across 26 countries.
A Visiting Lecturer at Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Mark is recognised in the 'China Supply Chain Top 20', as one of ‘Asia’s Top 50 Influencers in Supply Chain and Logistics’ and in the 2017 USA listing of 'Top Pros-to-Know in Supply Chain'.
Mark’s book “Global Supply Chain Ecosystems strategies for competitive advantage in a complex, connected world” was commissioned by leading business publisher Kogan Page of London.
www.markmillar.com
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Roadmap: Convergence of Logistics & Trading
1 Global Trade and Facilitation
2 Globalisation Trends
3 Trade & Logistics
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Global Trade - the world is on a path to greater prosperity and a sustainable future - thanks to global trade . . .
Source: Source: Mark Millar various
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Trade becomes more complex as it crosses borders
Source: Mark Millar various
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Globalisation of Supply Chains - outsourcing, offshoring; low cost country sourcing - international trade across multiple jurisdictions
CN
IN
Source: Global Supply Chain Ecosystems
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Cross Border Trade: Roles are ‘situational’ ... Buyer becomes Seller Importer becomes Exporter
Source: Source: Mark Millar various
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Trade Chain embraces numerous participants:
Source: SWEPRO
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Measuring the Ease of Trading across Borders
Source: World Bank, Doing Business
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Cumbersome Customs Procedures Customs transactions vary widely from country to country:
Source: World Bank, Doing Business
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Trade Inefficiencies
Typical Trade Transaction . . . .
Passes through 27 to 30 parties – including brokers, banks, carriers, sureties and freight forwarders.
At least 40 documents are needed, not only for government authorities but also for related businesses.
Over 200 data elements are typically requested,
of which 60 to 70 percent are re-keyed at least once,
while 15 percent are re-typed 30 times.
Source: study by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
Source: UNCTAD
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Trade Transaction Costs
Trade Transaction Costs range from 2% to 15% of the total transaction value
For world trade, estimate of transaction costs is 550 billion US dollars pa.
Enormous amount of time and money wasted
- hampering business, stifling growth and holding back economic development, particularly in developing countries.
Source: OECD Study
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Trade Barriers Trade barriers are measures that governments or public authorities introduce to make imported goods less competitive than locally produced goods:
Tariff Barriers
Tariff = tax on imported goods
Quota = limit on the amount of goods that may be imported
• duties limit imports and raise revenue
Non-Tariff Barriers Product standards Local Content Packing, Labelling Shipping regulations Port / airport permits Onerous Customs • indirectly raises price
and lowers demand
Source: Source: Mark Millar various
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Global Trade Challenges
Source: EximDesk
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Trade Facilitation - Four Fundamental Principles
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Trade Facilitation definition
Trade Facilitation is
the simplification, standardization and harmonization
of procedures and associated information flows, required
to move goods from seller to buyer and to make payment. Source: United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business
Source: UN/CEFACT
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Business processes and business transactions in international trade
Source: UN/CEFACT
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Trade Enablers: Single Window Concept
Source: UNECE, UN/CEFACT
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Trade Enablers: Authorised Economic Operator (AEO)
Source:
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Roadmap: Convergence of Logistics & Trading
1 Global Trade and Facilitation
2 Globalisation Trends
3 Trade & Logistics
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Slowing global trade and anti-globalization (eft)
Source: eft Supply Chain Hot Trends, Q4-2016
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Slowing global trade and anti-globalization (eft) Do you think there’s currently a global anti-globalization movement?
Source: eft Supply Chain Hot Trends, Q4-2016
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Slowing global trade and anti-globalization (eft) Why is global trade slowing?
Source: eft Supply Chain Hot Trends, Q4-2016
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Slowing global trade and anti-globalization (eft) What impact will/would the anti-globalization movement have on global supply chains?
Source: eft Supply Chain Hot Trends, Q4-2016
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Consequences of Increase in Barriers to Trade due to Anti-globalization sentiment . .
• Increases in costs for manufacturers and retailers • Increases in costs transferred to customers and
consumers • Increases in lead-times to account for increased
barriers • Shifts in production and sourcing based on
changing barriers • Shifting demand based on protectionist attitudes • More opportunities for domestic manufacturers and
retailers • More opportunities for cross-border expertise
Source: eft Supply Chain Hot Trends, Q4-2016
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Trump pulls the TPP
Source:
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The Game has changed !
Game has changed! 23062016
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Trade Agreements: Multilateral, Bilateral . . . Free (FTA), Preferential (PTA) NAFTA, EU, ASEAN, TPP, RCEP, FTAAP
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TPP: Trans-Pacific Partnership (RIP)
Source: Thomson Reuters
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RCEP: Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership
Source: Thomson Reuters
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FTAAP: Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific
Source: Thomson Reuters
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Whether Global or Regional . . . - Management Duties include Duty Management!
Source: Asia Briefing
FTAAP (21)
(16)
(10)
(12)
(21)
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WTO – TFA = Trade Facilitation Agreement Bali Agreement, December 2013 Ratified February 2017
Generate USD 1 Trillion in export gains >50% in Developing Countries, 18m jobs
Source: WTO
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WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA)
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Roadmap: Convergence of Logistics & Trading
1 Global Trade and Facilitation
2 Globalisation Trends
3 Trade & Logistics
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Integrated Logistics and Transport - enable and empower trade and supply chains - every business, everywhere; the lifeblood of trade
the GLUE that connects and empowers the supply chain ecosystem
Source: Global Supply Chain Ecosystems
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Customers demanding better logistics services Services being demanded most from hi-tech industry solution providers:
Source: eft State of the Hi-Tech Supply Chain 2016
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More Efficient Logistics Practices can reduce Logistics Costs 30%, shorten Transit Times 65% and drive 20-40% more Trade – three approaches:
Customs, Security Admin Burdens Infrastructure
1 2 3 Reform Reduce Focus
“Administration can often be the most time consuming element in the life of a shipment" CEO of DHL Global Forwarding
Source: DHL Global Forwarding
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IOR / EOR Services help customers ensure fast, smooth and reliable importing and exporting worldwide . . .
Importer of Record (IOR) is officially noted by governments as the owner or purchaser of merchandise being imported into a destination country; IOR can, in fact, be the owner, purchaser or a customs broker with the proper authorization, eg power of attorney (POA) Exporter of Record (EOR) is noted as the owner or seller of merchandise being exported from an origin country location to a destination country. Authorization can be given to an agent to act as EOR.
Source:
In many cases, is a freight forwarder or third party logistics provider
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IOR / EOR is directly responsible for
Paying duty/taxes upon importation.
Filing specific declarations with various government agencies upon importation or exportation.
Obtaining any licensing, certification and authorizations to export if required for a commodity; in many cases before exportation to the destination country location.
Source:
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Trade Compliance
Global Trade needs knowledge of country-specific import/export information, export classifications and licensing requirements;
Goal is to meet and exceed all worldwide trade regulatory requirements – and avoid costly mistakes that in some cases come with personal jail time and fines.
A strong Trade Compliance Program helps in reducing risk and shipment delays, as well as avoiding fines, penalties and forfeitures or other legal remedies such as the loss of import/export privileges.
Source:
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Trade Compliance
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On-Shoring, Re-Shoring trends . . . - increases domestic freight movements
When a product is produced entirely within a continent or a
country, freight will be touched domestically 8-12 times - rather than the 2-3 times it will be touched within the
consuming continent or country when a product is produced overseas and imported.
Source: Stifel
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SHORING STRATEGIES: THE RIGHT MIX? Flexibility is key in shoring decisions
Source: UPS Change in the High Tech Supply Chain 2015
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EMERGING MARKETS: THE NEXT FRONTIER . . . .Needs From Logistics Providers
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Global Trade is the engine driving economic growth. - Logistics fuels that engine.
Source: Source: Frank Appel, CEO DPDHL
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Global Supply Chain Ecosystems - strategies for competitive advantage in a complex, connected world Independent reviews & endorsements:
www.markmillar.com/book-reviews
Available online from www.gsce-mm.com
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