Download - CP 101 - Urban Design - Chapter 10
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8/18/2019 CP 101 - Urban Design - Chapter 10
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Professor Habib Alshuwaikaht
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Introduction The design of cities has been conscious task of
many throughout history.
In 1950s the term urban designer emerged a!rofession with a se!arate uni"ersity degree.
#rban designers assume that in s!ite of the "astscale and com!le$ity% cities can be designed andtheir growth sha!ed and directed.
An early and ma&or e$am!le is the work of 'aron
Haussmann from 1(55)1(*( in Paris.Haussmanns works in Paris included+ new !attern
of boule"ards% the facades of buildings% the ,ow oftra-c% the skyline and the !ro!ortion of s!ace%
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4hat is #rban esign6
#rban design falls between the !rofessions of!lanning and architecture.
It deals with the large)scale organi7ation anddesign of the city% with the massing andorgani7ation of buildings and the s!ace betweenthem% but not with the design of the indi"idualbuildings.
actors distinguish # from A+ large scale8 long
time frame8 large number of "ariables8a!!roaches and techniues.
# and !lanning ha"e com!lementary roles butse!arate and distinct functions
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The #rban esign Process
The basic four !hases+ Analysis8 ;ynthesis8c intended!ro&ect ?residential% commercial%..@
isual ;ur"ey+ is used as a tool by designers to
communicate their !erce!tions of the structure andorgani7ation of a city or neighborhood to oneanother .
ental a! B The Image of the 2ity ?/e"in Cynch19*0@
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The #rban esign Processcontinued Identifying of Hard and ;oft Areas + hel!s the
designers to know what !arts of the city canaccommodate growth and change and what !arts are
essentially >$ed because they may be historical
landmarks or cemetery unctional Analysis+ e$amines the relationshi! of
acti"ities ?in :@ among the "arious land uses andthe way that relate to circulation system.
;ynthesis+ the data gathered and the analysis must betranslated into !ro!osals for action. 2om!onents ofsynthesis !hase+ e"olution of conce!ts8 de"elo!mentof schematic design !ro!osals8 followed by !reliminary!lans.
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The #rban esign Process
continued
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4hat is =ood #rban esign6
A list of im!ortant criteria for &udging #+
#nity and coherence.
inimum con,ict between !edestrian and "ehicles.
Protecting from rain% noise% wind and so on.
nancial% !olitical%!sychological% and sociological considerations.
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The Geighborhood
2once!t The neighborhood is a central conce!t in #.It is not an old conce!t B 1930s 2larence Perry+
the area that would contain a !o!ulation ?5000)
*000@ su-cient to su!!ly the !u!ils ?1000)1300@ for one elementary school.
The neighborhood !lan will !ro"ide forresidences% a school% sho!!ing facilities for
freuent goods% !laygrounds and !erha!s small!arks. The street !attern will ser"e the resident!o!ulation but discourages through tra-c.
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e!lanning ;uburbia+
The Geotraditionalist BnewurbanismAndres uany is the most e$!onent of the
Geotraditionalist Bnew urbanism.
Geotraditionalist argue that e$cessi"e
de!endence on automobile degraded the ualityof life8 !edestrian)unfriendly !atterns.
The Geotraditionalist ad"ocate the mi$ing ofuses and !edestrian)unfriendly streets.
They rest much of their case on the market B!eo!le will !ay "ery high !rice for a >ne)grained%!edestrian)unfriendly !attern.
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isions of the 2ity of the
uture There are many conce!ts behind each an idea howcity dwellers should res!ond to social andtechnological change.
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ille adieuse% Ce 2orbusier
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The 1934 Broadacre City Model
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isions of the 2ity of the
uturecontinuedEther "isionaries ha"e suggested moreradical a!!roaches to structuring the futurecity.
Palo ;oleri+ hy!erstrucures with heights asgreat as the tallest skyscra!ers but co"eringas much as se"eral hundreds acres of ground.
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The Shimizu TRY 2004 Mega-City Pyramid is a!ro!osed !ro&ect for construction of a massi"e!yramid o"er Tokyo 'ay in a!an. The structure
would be about 1D times higher than the=reat Pyramid at =i7a% and would house F50%000!eo!le
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo_Bayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Pyramid_at_Gizahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gizahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gizahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Pyramid_at_Gizahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo_Bay