![Page 1: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 1
Created atUniversidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de
Montréal
Module 15: Process Control and Module 15: Process Control and Process IntegrationProcess Integration – Tier 2 – Tier 2
Program for North American Mobility in Higher Education (NAMP)
Introducing Process Integration for Environmental Control in
Engineering Curricula (PIECE)
![Page 2: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 2
This module is divided in three essentials complements, it will demonstrate the relationship between the use of PI tools in order to design a process and the control strategies.
![Page 3: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 3
Tier one:•Basic Concepts About Process Control
Tier Two:•Use of PI tools and especially dynamic simulation to address control strategies
Tier Three:•Analysis of a real process.
Structure
![Page 4: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 4
Index:
Tier one:
•Comparison between Steady Sate and Dynamic State.
•Important Definitions about dynamic state.
• Dynamic Models.
![Page 5: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 5
Index:
Tier two:
• Relationship between Process Design and Process Control
• Dynamic Effect on recycle Structures.
![Page 6: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 6
Tier 2
![Page 7: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 7
Objective:
Understand the interaction between process design and process control.
Understand the effect of recycle structures on dynamic behavior.
Tier 2
![Page 8: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 8
Process Control in a Integrated Perspective
![Page 9: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 9
Identification and creation of potential opportunities to satisfy societal needs and to generate profit.
Any process starts with
![Page 10: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 10
Manufacturing process
Manufacturing process
Manufacturing process
Natural Resources
Basic Chemical products
Basic Chemicals industrial Products
Basic Chemical products
Industrial Products
Consumer Products
![Page 11: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 11
Process Creation
The next step is
![Page 12: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 12
?
Process design starts with the synthesis of a process to convert raw material into desired products
Feed Streams
Product Streams
![Page 13: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 13
Process FlowsheetIs a diagrammatic representation of the process
steps using icons to represent process units and arrows to represent connections among them
Feed Streams
Product Streams
![Page 14: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 14
It is common the presence of recycles (process integration) because its advantages to recover energy. However is important to know how they affect the dynamic properties.
Simulation Steady State
![Page 15: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 15
Is a mathematical model of the process that attempts to predict how the process would behave if it were constructed or modified
Simulation
Steady Sate Simulation the operating conditions are changed to others ones in order to evaluate new
operating sceneries
Operating Condition New Operating Condition
FeedProduct
![Page 16: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 16
Having the process flowsheet the next step is to evaluate the process control configuration.
♣ Effect of the recycle in process dynamic
Effect of the heat integration in process dynamic.
How to control the process.
Dynamic State Simulation allows to test different control strategies and to know the influence of changes in the process design on the dynamic behavior.
![Page 17: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 17
The role of Control Process in Process Design
![Page 18: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 19
Effect of recycle
![Page 19: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 20
Recycle StructuresThese structures are used often in process plants
to return material for reprocessing and to recover energy from effluent streams trough heat exchanger.
![Page 20: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 21
Heat Recycle
Fresh feed is heating using the stream leaving the reactor
This stream goes trough a heat exchanger in order to recover heat
![Page 21: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 22
Block diagram for this system
+
GH2(s)
GR(s)GH1(s)T0(s) T1(s) TR(s)Tf(s)
T2(s)
)()()(
10
1 sGsTsT
H )()()(
22 sGsTsT
HR
)()()( 21 sTsTsT f
)()()( sGsTsT
Rf
R
![Page 22: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 23
Now using block diagram algebra to determine el behavior of the integrated system transfer function is:
)()()( 3 sTsGsT RR )()()()()( 012sTsGsTsGsGT HRHRR
)()(1)()(
)()(
2
1
0 sGsGsGsG
sTsT
HR
HRR
Block Diagram
Characteristic Equation
Poles of overall system are different to the poles of the individual units. The stability of this system cannot be guaranteed even if each individual system is stable.
![Page 23: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 24
1 103)(
s
sGR4.011 HH KG 3.0
22 HH KG
Now defining
With Recycle
110012
)()(
0
ssTsTR
Without Recycle
1102.1
)()(
0
ssTsTR
Gain
Time Constant
![Page 24: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 25
Performing a Dynamic Simulation to know the dynamic behavior
Time constant and gain have been increased in the reactor with recycle
![Page 25: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 26
500
100
500
![Page 26: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 27
Increase in T0
Affects Tf
Affects TR
The output is reinforced through the recycle exchanger
There is a positive feedback
Why ?
![Page 27: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 28
• The time constant and the steady state gain of the overall system with recycle can be changed substantially from their values without recycle.
• Recycle can alter the stability and possibility for a periodic behavior of the overall system, because it affects the poles of the overall system.
• This effect should be considered when the process control is developed because the time constant is related with the speed of response of the process.
According the previous slides
![Page 28: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 29
QUIZ
![Page 29: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 30
1.- The effect of a positive feedback is not desirable because :
a) Its actions tends to increase the error from desired.
b) Its action tends to reduce the error from desired.
![Page 30: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 31
2.- If time constant increases its value , it implies :
a) A slow system´s response when changes on manipulated variables are made to produce changes on controllable variable.
b) A faster system´s response when changes on manipulated variables are made to produce changes on controllable variable.
![Page 31: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 32
Correct Answer
To continue, click on the figure
![Page 32: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 33
Try another Answer
To continue, click on the figure
![Page 33: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 34
Correct Answer
To continue, click on the figure
![Page 34: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 35
Try another Answer
To continue, click on the figure
![Page 35: Created at Universidad de Guanajuato & École Polytechnique de Montréal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081604/56814951550346895db6a0fa/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Tier 2 Modulo 15 NAMP
Process Control and Process Integration 36
Now you have finished Tier 2