Download - Creative Problem Solving
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Management FundamentalsManagement FundamentalsConcepts, Applications, Skills Development Concepts, Applications, Skills Development
Creative Problem Solving Creative Problem Solving
& Decision Making& Decision Making
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1. Classify/define1. Classify/define
2. Set objectives2. Set objectives
3. Generate alternatives3. Generate alternatives
4. Analyze alternatives4. Analyze alternatives
5. Plan/implement5. Plan/implement
6. Control6. Control
6Steps in Decision-MakingModel
6Steps in Decision-MakingModel
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Decision-Making Decision-Making StylesStyles
•Reflexive
•Reflective
•Consisten
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Reflexive StyleReflexive Style•Makes quick
decisions (shooting from hip) without taking time to gather all information needed or considering all alternatives.
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Reflective StyleReflective Style
•Takes plenty of time to make decisions, gathering and analyzing several alternatives
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Consistent StyleConsistent Style
•Makes decision without rushing or wasting time.
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Potential Advantages & Potential Advantages & Disadvantages Disadvantages
of Using Group Decision Makingof Using Group Decision MakingPotential Advantages
1. Better quality decisions
2. More information, alternatives, creativity, and innovation
3. Better understanding of the decision
4. Greater commitment to the decision
5. Improved morale and motivation
6. Good training
Potential Disadvantages
1. Wasted time and slower decision making
2. Satisficing
3. Domination and goal displacement
4. Conformity and groupthink
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Classifying the Problem or Classifying the Problem or Opportunity ContinuumsOpportunity Continuums
Relationship among:Decision-Making Structure
Nonprogrammed Decision(Significant, nonrecurring and nonroutine) Programmed Decision
(Nonsignificant, recurring, and routine)
Decision-Making ConditionsUncertainty Risk Certainty
Decision-Making Model Bounded Rationality ModelWhich Decision Model to Use
(Outcome of alternatives unpredictable) (Outcome of alternatives predictable)
(Optimizing) ( Satisficing)
When to Use Group or Individual Decision MakingGroup Decisions Individual Decisions
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BrainstormingBrainstorming
•The process of suggesting many possible alternatives without evaluation.
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Group Decision-Making Group Decision-Making Techniques Techniques
That Foster Creativity & That Foster Creativity & InnovationInnovation
Brainstorming
The Delphi Technique
Synectics
Nominal Grouping
Consensus Mapping
Creativity Innovation
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Delphi TechniqueDelphi Technique
•Involves a series of questionnaires to refine a solution.
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Creativity KillersCreativity Killers
•Can’t be done.•Never done it.•Anyone else
tried it?•Costs too
much.• Isn’t in the
budget.
•Let’s form a committee.
•Will not work in our department/ company/ industry.
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Decision TreesDecision Trees
•A diagram of alternatives. The diagram gives a visual of the alternatives making analyzing easier.
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Break-Even AnalysisBreak-Even Analysis
Capital BudgetingCapital Budgeting
Linear ProgrammingLinear Programming
Queuing TheoryQueuing Theory
QuantitativeQuantitativeTechniquesTechniques
QuantitativeQuantitativeTechniquesTechniques
Probability TheoryProbability Theory
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Alternative Analysis Alternative Analysis Techniques ContinuumTechniques Continuum
Quantitative Techniques Kepner-Tregoe MethodCost-Benefit
(Objective)
(Subjective)
(Maximal use of math to make the decision) (Minimal use of math to make the decision)
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