Download - CUTANEOUS SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS
Cutaneous symptoms : Subjective symptoms
Pruritus : moderate or severe , long or short time , local or generalized
Pain : infection ( bacteria , virus――Zoster ), Sweet’s syn., Angioleiomyoma, Dermatomyositis
Numbness : Leprosy with superficial sensory disturbance, hypoesthesia in temperature,pain and touch.
Systematic symptoms
Signs : Leisions can be seen or palpable
primary lesions
Definition : Leisions with diagnostic value and produced by the pathological changes of skin
macule
Circumscried changes in skin colorWithout elevation and depression , <1cmClassified as inflammatous and noninflammatous macules, petechia and abnormal pigmentation.
patch : macules progress to greater leision
1.
2. papule
Circumscribed, Solid elevation , diameter <1cm
maculopapule : mild,flap-topped papuleplaque : confluence of papules
3. vesicles and bullae
Circumscribed, fluid-containing, epidermal elevated lesion , >0.5cm is bullaepapulovesicle : obvious dermal cell edema in papule with topped little vesicle
4. pustule
Vesicle with purulent material ,
often surrounded by a red areola ,
Primary lesions or come from vesicles
5. wheal
Acute, circumscribed, edematous elevation in superficial layer of dermisOfen last several to over ten Hours, then disappear without any trace. Usually accompanied with intense itching
6. nodule
Circumscribed, solid lesion centered in dermis or the subcutaneous fat
Circular or oval, Elevated or just palpable
Cystic lesion with a wall located in dermis or subcutus, containing fluid,dope or debris of cells
Elevated or just papable
Circular or oval,Palpation with resilience
cyst7.
secondary lesion
defition : lesions follow primary eruptions with scratching, therapy, infection or the process of recovery.
3. Maceration and erosion
Maceration: keratinocytes absorb more water for skin in the moist circumstance, then skin becomes soft,white and crinkled.Erosion : Loss of all or portions of the epidermis alone, may become crusted,but it heals without a scar.
7. scar
New connective tissue replace lost substance in ulcerSmooth without appendages and elasticity.
9. lichenification
• Circumscribed thickness and coarseness of skin ,
• Striaes become deeper and wider,
• Lesion is crossed as rhombus or polygon