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Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais
Disciplina: Est. Linguísticos V: Morfossintaxe (Ênfase em Inglês) Professora: Rosana E.S. Alunos: Davidson, Geiziele e Williana
Belo Horizonte, 2011.
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Adjectives and Adverbs
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What is an adjective?
An adjective is a word or a group of words that modifies a noun;
An adjective is a word that names a quality, or that defines or limits a noun " It's the same role they have in Portuguese, but contrary to what occurs in Portuguese: They don’t have masculine, feminine, singular or plural. They are always used with the same form in any situation.
Of course, there are the degrees of comparison.
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For examples:
Good boy Good girl
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Beautiful house Beautiful houses
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Comparative Degree
1- Equality degree: - AS + adj + AS
Example: John is as tall as Fred.
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2- Superiority degree: Adj. + ER + Than
Example:
Marta is thinner than Susan.
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•Many two syllable adjectives make the comparative using "more"
•Os terminados em: by - Y -ow - er - le podem ter ambas as formas:Examples:Lovely - lovelier / more lovely Shallow - shallower / more shallow
Slender - slenderer / more slender
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3- Inferiority degree - Less + Adj. + ThanExample:
It is less hot today than it was yesterday.
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1.1- Superiority - The + Adj. + EST + in / on
For adjectives with one syllable, or two syllables ending in Y, OW, ER, LE:
Example:Jennifer is the loveliest girl in the classroom.
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The most + Adj. + in/of... For adjectives of two or more syllables.
Example: This is the most modern car of all.
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•Alguns adjetivos terminados em Y, OW, ER, LE, fazem o superlativo com MOST:
Examples:
Lovely - loveliest / most lovelyShallow - shallowest / most shallowSlender - slenderest / most slenderSimple - simplest / more simple
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2.1 Inferiority - The Least + Adj. + in / of
He is the least nervous student during the tests.
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Adjective Order
In English, typically, the placement of adjectives before a noun follows this order:
1 - Opinion:Ex: an interesting film, a boring person, a great concert.
2 – Dimension:Ex: a big house, a small dog, a thin book
3- Age:EX: a new car, a modern TV set, an ancient theater, an old person.
4- Shape:EX: a square picture, a round table, an oval loudspeaker.
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5- Color:EX: a pink blouse, a blue tie, a yellow hat, a black suit.
6- Origin:EX: a Italian car, A Canadian girl, an American actor.
7- Material:EX: A wooden bed, an iron box, a plastic toy, a woolen sweater.
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Adverbs
Adverbs are used to define verbs.
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The computer is working slowly today.
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Adverbs can be used to define adjectives.
The company my father works for is generally successful.
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There are a lot of people in the world that are shockingly materialistic.
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The floor was always uneven, it has to be fixed.
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Adverbs are used to clarify other adverbs
The test was really hard today.
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The trains came incredibly quickly today, I was so luckey.
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Adverbs can answer questions such as How? What? When? Where? and What?
My mother always listens to the radio.
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I have to study today.
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People should exercise carefully.
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The students and teachers work closely together on the project.
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The kids are playing ball approximately10 meters from the house.
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There are many people living closely together in the city.
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Adverbs can come before the subject
Occasionally , we go out for dinner.
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Sometimes, our teacher doesn't give us homework.
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Adverbs can be placed between the subject and the main verb.
The bus slowly moves thought the street.
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The dog quickly runs .
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Adverbs can come after the verb.
The people are treating me nicely.
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The runners ran the race quickly.
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Bibliography
http://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Adverbs/Adverbs.htm - Fevereiro - 2011;
Oxford Dictionary,Oxford University press.
http://www.steacher.pro.br/adjective33.html
Fevereiro – 2011;