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Dehorning, Castrating,
and Docking
Floron C. Faries, Jr. DVM, MS
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Objectives
Describe dehorning techniques for calves
Describe castrating techniques for calves,
lambs, and pigs
Describe tail docking techniques for lambs
Discuss benefits of dehorning, castrating, and
docking
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Dehorning
What is dehorning?
Process of removing or preventing (disbudding) the growth of horns
Why?
Improve appearance
Reduce injuries
Increase feeder space
Improve value
Two methods
Non-invasive
Invasive
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Restraint
Very important
Remember safety
Restrain head
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Non-Invasive
Bloodless
Less than 30 days age (at birth)
Types
Chemical paste
Hot iron
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Invasive
Blood flow
Greater than 30 days of age
Involves cutting or scooping the horn off
Types
Tube dehorner
Barnes’ dehorner
Keystone dehorner
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Castrating
What is castration?
Process of removing the testicles from a male
Less than 2 months of age (at birth)
Why?
Prevent mating or fighting
Improve carcass quality
Improve value
Gentle
Two methods
Non-invasive
Invasive
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Restraint
Young calves
On side
Older calves
In chute
Young lambs, kids, pigs
On back
V-shaped table
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Non-invasive
Bloodless
Tetanus antitoxin
Crimps or constricts arteries – testicles die
Types
Burdizzo
Elastrator
Calicrate bander
Short-scrotumed
Chemical castration
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Burdizzo
Elastrator
Calicrate smart bander
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Invasive
Blood flow
Sanitation is key
Remove testicles external to scrotum
Types
Knife/scalpel
Emasculator
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Knife
Scalpel
Emasculator
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Calf Castration
Non-invasive
Tetanus antitoxin
Invasive
Remove 1/3-1/2 scrotum with knife
Force testicles external to scrotum
Extract testicles
Sever spermatic cord
Knife scrape
Pull
Emasculator
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Pig Castration
Invasive
Make two slits through scrotum and tunic with
knife or scalpel
Extract testicles
Sever spermatic cord
Knife scrape
Pull
Emasculator
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Lamb and Kid Castration
Non-invasive or invasive
Tetanus antitoxin
Same techniques as calves
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Docking
What is docking?
Practice of cutting the tail off an animal
Why?
Improve appearance
Increase hygiene (sheep)
Reduce tail biting (pigs)
Keep tails out of harnesses (draft horses)
Two methods
Non-invasive
Invasive
Techniques vary among species
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Non-invasive
Bloodless
Types:
Elastrator
Burdizzo
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Invasive
Blood flow
Sanitation is important
Types
Knife
Scalpel
Blade pliers
Emasculator
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Swine Docking
Cut tail 1 inch from base
Don’t cut into the base
Invasive
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Sheep Docking
Cut 2 inches from base
Non-invasive
Invasive
Tetanus antitoxin
Too short