DEPARTMENT OF OPHTHALMOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
PESHAWAR MEDICAL COLLEGE,PESHAWAR MEDICAL COLLEGE,
PESHAWAR.PESHAWAR.
Dr. Muhammad ArifDr. Muhammad Arif
Assistant ProfessorAssistant Professor
Department of Ophthalmology Department of Ophthalmology
ORBITORBIT
BONY CAVITIES IN THE SKULL CONTAININGBONY CAVITIES IN THE SKULL CONTAINING GlobesGlobes EOMEOM Nerves Nerves Vessels Vessels FAT pads FAT pads Lacrimal gland Lacrimal gland PeriorbitaPeriorbita Orbital septum Orbital septum
Orbital DimensionOrbital Dimension Volume Volume 30cc30cc
Entrance height Entrance height 35mm35mm
Entrance widthEntrance width 40mm40mm
Medial wall length Medial wall length 45mm45mm
Distance from Distance from posterior globe to posterior globe to optic foramenoptic foramen
18mm18mm
Length of orbital Length of orbital segment of optic segment of optic nervenerve
25-30mm25-30mm
Orbital anatomy Orbital anatomy
Floor Floor Roof Roof Lateral wallLateral wall Medial wallMedial wall
Developmental defects Developmental defects
MicrophthalmosMicrophthalmos AnophthalmosAnophthalmos CcphalocclesCcphaloccles
Evaluation of orbital Evaluation of orbital diseases diseases
Detail historyDetail history OnsetOnset Duration of symptomsDuration of symptoms InjuryInjury Prior disease Prior disease Systemic diseaseSystemic disease Family historyFamily history
Course of symptoms Course of symptoms
PainPain ProptosisProptosis ProgressionProgression PalpationPalpation PulsationPulsation Periorbital changes Periorbital changes
Examination Examination
Visual acuityVisual acuity RefractionRefraction Color visionColor vision PupilsPupils Extraocular motilityExtraocular motility Anterior segmentAnterior segment Posterior segmentPosterior segment Eyelids Eyelids
Tools of examination Tools of examination
ExophthalmometryExophthalmometry CT Scan orbit in brain CT Scan orbit in brain MRIMRI Orbital sonographyOrbital sonography Orbital endoscopy Orbital endoscopy
Preseptal cellulitisPreseptal cellulitis
Preseptal cellulitis is defined as Preseptal cellulitis is defined as inflammation and infection confined inflammation and infection confined to the eyelids and periorbital to the eyelids and periorbital structures anterior to the orbital structures anterior to the orbital septum.septum.
Organism causing Organism causing
Haemophilus influenzaeHaemophilus influenzae Gram-positive cocciGram-positive cocci Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus
Investigations Investigations
History History Clinical examinationClinical examination Blood completeBlood complete Bacteriological examinationBacteriological examination
Treatment Treatment
Antibiotics Antibiotics AnalgesicsAnalgesics Surgical drainage Surgical drainage
Orbital cellulitis Orbital cellulitis
Active infection of the orbital soft Active infection of the orbital soft tissue is present posterior to the tissue is present posterior to the orbital septum. orbital septum.
SymptomsSymptoms FeverFever LeukocytosisLeukocytosis ProptosisProptosis Restriciton of ocular motility Restriciton of ocular motility Pain on movement of the globePain on movement of the globe
causescauses
Paranasal sinusesParanasal sinuses Face and eyelidsFace and eyelids DacryocystitisDacryocystitis Dental infectionDental infection Intracranial Intracranial Trauma Trauma DacryoadenitisDacryoadenitis EndophthalmitisEndophthalmitis
Treatment Treatment
Medical Medical Surgical Surgical
Proptosis Proptosis
Protrution:Protrution:
of the eyes secondary to and orbital of the eyes secondary to and orbital space lesion space lesion
Exophthalmos:Exophthalmos:
proptosis secondary to dysthyroid proptosis secondary to dysthyroid disease.disease.
EvaluationEvaluation
History of proptosis History of proptosis Slow Slow AbruptAbrupt Explosive Explosive DisplacementDisplacement AxialAxial Medial Medial LateralLateral
EvaluationEvaluation
DiplopiaDiplopia
HorizontalHorizontal
VerticalVertical PainPain
ReferredReferred
OcularOcular
EvaluationEvaluation
Vision (Decrease)Vision (Decrease)
Slowly Progressive Slowly Progressive
Not effected Not effected
BBLOW OUT LOW OUT FRACTUREFRACTUREEEVALUATION AND VALUATION AND TREATMENTTREATMENT