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Designing for the InvisibleUser-Centered Design of Infrastructure Awareness Systems
Juan David Hincapié-Ramos – [email protected]élien Tabard – [email protected] E. Bardram – [email protected]
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Mini-Grid
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Infrastructures
Infrastructures are Invisible!
Problems of Invisibility– Use (trust)– Adoption– Capacity (Mini-Grid)
Vizualizations
Seamful Design Intelligibility
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GridOrbit
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Designing GridOrbit
• Future Workshop• Paper Protoryping• Short Iterations –
Evaluations
• Designing for the Invisible
• Lack of understanding– Nature of the
Infrastructure– Characteristis– Potential
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Problems for Design
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AMCard Technique
AMCardmatching of the users’ interests with the information the infrastructure awareness system can provide
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Infrastructure Awareness Model
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NimbusWhat the entity projects about itself
Focus:What the entity is interested in
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A B
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A
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UI
IA
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IA
AMCard Technique
UI
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Focus CardsThe users’ interests
Nimbus CardsThe infrastructure’s features
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Inspiration Cards
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Picture taken from the original paper: Halskov, K. and Dalsgård, P. 2006. Inspiration card workshops. In Proceedings of the 6th Conference on Designing interactive Systems (University Park, PA, USA, June 26 - 28, 2006). DIS '06. ACM, New York, NY, 2-11. DOI= http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1142405.1142409
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User Focus Cards
Infrastructure Critique, Implications for Redesign
Infrastructure Awareness System’s Features
Fieldwork
Infrastructure
User Focus Cards
Nimbus Cards
AMC Workshop
Design Concept+ Closure
Infrastructure Awareness Prototype
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Design Presentation Matching Closure
Technique Stages
The InfAwareness
System
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AMC – Design
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AMC – Presentation
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AMC – Matching (1/2)
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AMC – Matching (2/2)
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AMC – Closure
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MatchedThe interests can be met
MissedEither interests orinfrastructure are insufficient
DiscardedIrrelevant for the solution
• 15 groups• 11 matches• 4 missed• 13 cards discarted• 9 focus• 4 nimbus
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Results
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To evaluate how relevant is the information displayed by infrastructure awareness systems.A
To identify which of the users interests infrastructures awareness systems do not take into account.BTo identify elements of re-design in the infrastructures themselves so as to improve their adoptability.C
Relevant: machines and people associated to them No Relevant: the details of task distribution.
Algorithms, input data and parameters
Task execution results (numeric or graphical)
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Closure Analisys
• Which of the infrastructure features being shown, but not relevant (e.g. bidding activity);
• Which of the infrastructure features not being shown, but relevant (e.g. the data used to execute a task);
• Which elements of interest the awareness system could display to engage people even though not supported by the infrastructure (e.g. latest publications).
• Which elements of the infrastructure were missing to answer users’ interests (e.g. sharing of results).