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DEVELOPING & SEARCHING A POPULATION HEALTH QUESTION
Mercer University School of Medicine Libraries
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FORMULATING A POPULATION HEALTH QUERY
Identify a health concern Example: you are working in the East
Georgia Healthcare Center in Swainsboro and notice that a lot of your patients have diabetes.
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WHAT CAUSES DISEASE? Why are there so many people in
Emanuel County with diabetes?
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WHAT CAUSES DISEASE? How you conceptualize your topic
affects how you search for relevant information.
Consider the interaction and interdependenceof various factors
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WHAT CAUSES DISEASE? Think about the
wider context of your topic.
Do some preliminary exploration.
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PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION What percentage of the United States
population is diagnosed with diabetes? You will need to look for statistics.
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PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION To find health
statistics, go to the libraries page at http://med.mercer.edu/library and choose Health Statistics & Research from the pulldown menu.
Click on CDC: Diseases and Conditions
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8.4% OF ADULTS IN THE U.S AND 10% IN GEORGIA WERE DIAGNOSED WITH DIABETES IN 2009
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PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION What percentage of people in Emanuel
County have diabetes? http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/atlas/coun
tydata/atlas.html Centers for Disease Control &
Prevention, Diabetes Public Health Resources, Diabetes Interactive Atlas, 2009 data
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11.2% OF ADULTS IN EMANUEL COUNTY WERE DIAGNOSED WITH DIABETES IN 2009
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IS YOUR TOPIC RESEARCHABLE? Why do more adults in Emanuel County
have diabetes than the national average?
If your topic is too narrow, it may prove difficult to find research
If your topic is too broad, it may be impossible to cope with the vast amount of literature on an unfocused topic
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FOCUS YOUR RESEARCH WITH A PICO QUESTION.
What does PICO stand for? P stands for Population or Patient I stands for Intervention C stands for Comparison O stands for Outcome
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FOCUS YOUR RESEARCH WITH A PICO QUESTION.
What Population do you want to research?
In this case, it is adults with diabetes.
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FOCUS YOUR RESEARCH WITH A PICO QUESTION.
What would be an Intervention? In this case, think about what might
contribute to diabetes.
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FOCUS YOUR RESEARCH WITH A PICO QUESTION.
Sometimes a Point-of-Care database with distilled information will help you focus.
Go to the Dynamed Database (found in the pulldown menu on the library page http://med.mercer.edu/library)
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EXPLORE A CONCEPT What percentage of adults in the
United States Smoke? http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/statesystem/I
nteractiveReport/InteractiveReports.aspx
Centers for Disease Control, Smoking and Tobacco Use, Interactive Maps, 2010
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19% OF ADULTS IN THE U.S & 17.6% IN GEORGIA, 2010
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EXPLORE A CONCEPT What is the percentage of adults in
Emanuel County smoke? http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/a
pp/#/georgia/2013/measure/factors/9/map
County Health Rankings and Roadmaps, 2013
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PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION To find health
statistics, go to the libraries page at http://med.mercer.edu/library and choose Health Statistics & Research from the pulldown menu.
Click on CDC: Diseases and Conditions
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23% OF ADULTS IN EMANUEL COUNTY SMOKE
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FOCUS YOUR RESEARCH WITH A PICO QUESTION.
What is your Intervention? In this case it would be smoking
cessation Is there a comparison? You don’t have
to have one. What is the Outcome you want? In this case it would be improved health
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FOCUS YOUR RESEARCH WITH A PICO QUESTION.
Your PICO question would be In adults with Diabetes Mellitus, does
smoking cessation result in improved health?
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SEARCHING THE LITERATURE Go to the library webpage at http://med.mercer.edu/library and
select PubMed from the pulldown menu.
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SEARCHING THE LITERATURE You can type in keywords
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SEARCHING THE LITERATURE If you want to narrow results, select MESH Databases
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SEARCHING THE LITERATURE Type “Smoking Cessation”, select it, and add it to the
search builder
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SEARCHING THE LITERATURE Type “diabetes,” select Diabetes Mellitus, and add it
to the search builder
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SEARCHING THE LITERATURE Click Search PubMed
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SEARCHING THE LITERATURE View your results
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SEARCHING THE LITERATURE
To narrow further, you can can filter your results
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SEARCHING THE LITERATURE In this case limited to Randomized Controlled Trials
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SEARCHING THE LITERATURE Click on the “Get It @ MUSM Medical Libraries”
button to see if the libraries have a subscription/access so that full text is free to you.
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SEARCHING THE LITERATURE If we don’t have a
subscription, we can order the article for you from another library via InterLibrary Loan.
Go to the libraries webpage at http://med.mercer.edu/library and look for InterLibrary Loan under Services.
It might arrive the same day, or it might take several days, depending on the library that owns it.
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SEARCHING THE LITERATURE What do you do if you have too many
results? Think about your PICO. Do you need to
refine and narrow your research? What if you have too few results? Think about your PICO. Do you need to
refine and broaden your research?
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SEARCHING THE LITERATURE If you are not getting many results,
maybe you need to look in another database.
Try Google Scholar Go to the library webpage at
http://med.mercer.edu/library and select Google Scholar from the pulldown menu.
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SEARCHING THE LITERATURE You can refine your results by using the Advanced
Search
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SEARCHING THE LITERATURE You can look for all of the words, the exact phrase, a
least one of the words, without the words, anywhere in the article, in the title of the article, by a specific author, or in a specific journal or a specific date.
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SEARCHING THE LITERATURE You can sort by relevance or by date. Click on “Get
it @ MUSM Libraries” to see if the libraries have a subscription/access so that full text is free to you.
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EXAMPLE POPULATION HEALTH QUESTIONS Does involving the male partners of pregnant teens increase the uptake of
prenatal care?
Does eliminating vending machines in middle schools result in decreased student obesity in those schools?
In a workplace with a mostly sedentary environment, do workplace ergonomic interventions result in increased workforce productivity?
In women with HIV, do peer-based interventions reduce health inequities?
In children and youth aged 5 to 17 years, what is the effect of regular and frequent physical activity at school on measures of learning performance or absenteeism?
Are adults or children exposed to poor air quality at increased risk for impaired cognitive performance?
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FOR ASSISTANCE Macon: [email protected] 478.301.4056 Savannah: [email protected] 912.350.8345