Download - Devoluation or Supranationalism
Devolution or Supranationalism?
AP Human Geography
2012
What is devolution?
The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government
The disintegration of a state along regional lines
Propelled by forces that divide and destabilize, usually centrifugal forces
What are current examples of devolution?
Scotland (UK)– Oil– EU membership
Belgium Czechoslovakia-peaceful split, 1993
– Hungarians are still a minority in Slovakia (11%)
Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro are now formally independent of each other)
Russia and former Soviet Union
Yugoslavia
7 major/17 minor ethnic groups Former multinational, multiethnic state Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina,
Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia.
What is supranationalism?
Global governance 3+ states forging associations for mutual
benefit and pursuit of shared goals 60+ unions today
What is supranationalism?
States seeking common economic, political, and cultural ground by joining unions created to benefit participants and disadvantage others– Sparks further supranational orgs for those left
out– Geographically contiguous– Economically similar or different (Common
Market/OPEC)
What are current examples of supranationalism?
Military, economic, cultural, or political BENELUX / European Common Market /
European Union United Nations NATO/Warsaw Treaty OPEC Arab League
NATO
OPEC
APEC
The United Nations
Post WWII Foster international security and cooperation 2002 had 191 countries Peacekeeping 2002: 40,000 from 80 member states
in 15 different regions worldwide Unrepresented Nations and Peoples represented 51
groups of stateless or unheard peoples Subsidiaries include:
– FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization– UNESCO: Educational, Scientific and Cultural…– WHO: World Health Organization