Download - DIGITALLY DESIGNED HLP: DDHLP
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DDHLP:Digitallydesignedhousing,land,&propertyrightssolutionsforconflict-affectedenvironments
DDHLPDigitallyDesignedHousing,Land,&PropertyRights
DIGITALLYDESIGNEDHLP:Leveragingavailabletechnologiestoensurequicker,morecosteffectiveandjustresettlementofdisplacedpopulations
1.Armedconflictleadstolarge-scaledisplacement
2.IDPs&refugeesshelterincamps&urbansettings
3.MonitorstatusofHLPthroughcontactwithfriends&relatives
8.Collect&shareinformationonsecurity&
statusofHLP
4.BegintoamassinformationaboutHLP
5.LearnaboutDDHLPplatformthroughformal&informalassistance
networks
6.AccessDDHLPviaapporwebsite
7.Learnaboutalternativeformsofevidence(someofwhichmayalreadyhave)
9.Consolidate&corroborateevidenceviaapporwebsite.Datastoredlocallyoronsecureserver;canbelinkedto
mass-claimsdatabase
Traditionalandnon-traditionalformsofevidencecataloguedusingtheDDHLPappandwebplatformcan be used to support HLP claims (including in mass claims programs) and resolve disputes.DDHLP’s platforms instruct displaced people about information they may already have (or haveaccess to) that can be used as evidence in HLP claims. The app and web platforms also provideinformationabout relevantHLP legislation,andhelpconnectdisplacedpopulationswithkeyactorsandinstitutions.DetailedinformationaboutHLP-proceduresandaccesstomultipleformsofevidencefacilitatereturnandrestitution,reducingtheriskthatcommunitieswillturntoarmedgroups.
10.Useevidencetoinform&assistreturnsin
transitionaljusticeperiod
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DDHLP:Digitallydesignedhousing,land,&propertyrightssolutionsforconflict-affectedenvironments
DDHLPDigitallyDesignedHousing,Land,&PropertyRights
DIGITALLYDESIGNEDHLP:Leveragingavailabletechnologiestoensurequicker,morecosteffectiveandjustresettlementofdisplacedpopulations
JonD.Unruh, PhD. is a professor in theDepartment of Geography at McGillUniversity. He has over 25 years’experience in developing andimplementing research, policy, andpractice on war-affected land andpropertyrightsintheMiddleEast,LatinAmerica, Africa, and Asia. Jon hasworked with a variety of donors,governments, and NGOs; his primaryfocusisonHLPremediesinwar-affectedscenarios.
Emily Frank, PhD. is an appliedanthropologistwhohasspentthelast15years identifying opportunities totransform research outcomes intopracticesolutionsthatwillmakedurablechanges in people's lives. She hasworked in HLP research settings sincethemid1990'sandfocusesherworkonleveraging technology use to empowerlocal populations for amore justworld.
Matthew F. Pritchard is a land tenureand HLP specialist focused on data-driven policy reform in fragile andconflict affected states. He has over 10years’ experience designing andadministering large-scale HLP policyresearch for governments, NGOs, andmulti/bi-lateral donors. An academicpractitioner, Matthew’s PhD researchfocuses on the evolution of tenuresystemsinpost-warenvironments.
Forcedmigrationandthedestruction,confiscation,andtransactionofHLPinwar-affectedenvironments present a primary development challenge to displaced populations, hostcommunities,governments,andinternationalorganizations,aswellasdurablepeaceandrecoveryinwar-tornsocieties.Despiteinnumerableobstacles,experiencesfrommultipleconflict-affectedcontextsshowthatdisplacedpeopleemployavarietyoflocalandmobile-based communication strategies to monitor HLP and prepare for eventual return.Currently,planningandorganizinglarge-scaleHLPrestitutionprocessesbeginwellafterawar isover,andrelyoverwhelminglyonasetof transitional justicemeasures.DDHLP’sapp and web-based platforms begin this process while conflict is on-going, increasingawarenessofHLPprocedures,aswellasorganizingandcorroboratingevidencethatwillfacilitatereturnandotherviableremedies.DDHLP is thebrainchildofHLPspecialistsDr. JonUnruh,Dr.EmilyFrank,andMatthewPritchard.Basedondecades of experienceworkingonHLP restitution andmass claimstechniques, the mobile and web-based platforms being developed by DDHLP addressthree primary obstacles that face displaced populations and large-scale HLP restitutionprograms: 1) displaced populations are often reluctant to return to home areas if theyknowtheirHLPhasbeendestroyedoroccupiedbyothers;2)thosereturningcanbeill-equipped to prepare evidence and organize claims, and often experience highlycompromised livelihoods; 3) the time (often years) required to develop and implementmass claims techniques can discourage return or encourage claimants to seek lesspeacefulformsofresolution.DDHLP’sappandweb-basedplatformsleverageexistingtechnologiestoraiseawarenessabout restitution programs and consolidate multiple forms of traditional and ‘non-traditional’evidence.Photos,documents,andtestimoniesorganizedviatheplatformcanbesavedforfutureuseindisputeresolutionorlinkedtoamassclaimsdatabase.AtDDHLPourmissionistooptimizetechnologiesthatarealreadybeingusedbydisplacedpopulationstoensurequicker,morecosteffectiveandjustresettlement.
[email protected] @DigitalHLP
DESCRIPTIONPilotstudyonthewaysthatIDPsinErbilengagewithandmonitorhousing,land,andproperty(HLP).
PURPOSEMobiletechnologyhasdramaticallyaffectedhowdisplacedpopulationsmonitorandmanageHLP.Accesstomobiletechnologycantransformthewaysinwhichorganizationsandindividualsprepareforreturns.
METHODSQuestionnaireincludingmodulesondisplacement,statusofHLP,anddisputeresolution.Totalof101questionnaireswithrandomlyselectedIDPhouseholdsinBaharkacampandErbil.
MOBILIZINGRETURNS:
MONITORINGHLPINERBIL,IRAQ
DDHLP:Digitallydesignedhousing,land,&propertyrightssolutionsforconflict-affectedenvironmentsE:[email protected]:DigitallyDesignedHLP
Forcedmigrationandthedestruction,confiscation,andtransactionofHLPinwar-affectedenvironmentspresentaprimarydevelopmentchallengetodisplacedpopulations,hostcommunities,durablepeace,andrecoveryinwar-tornsocieties.Despiteinnumerableobstacles,experiencesfrommultipleconflict-affectedcontextshaveshownthatdisplacedpeopleemployavarietyoflocalandmobile-basedcommunicationstrategiestomonitorHLPandprepareforeventualreturns.GiventheimportantandevolvingrolethatmobiletechnologyhasonHLP,inJuly2017,DDHLP–withresearchsupportfromSocialInquiry–launchedapilotstudyofIDPsinErbil,Iraq.BeyondconfirmingthatdislocationlinkedtoDaeshhashadasignificantimpactonHLP,thepilotdemonstratedthatdisplacedpopulationsareactivelymonitoringtheoccupation,looting,damage,anddestructionoftheirhomes,farms,andbusinesses.Independentofage,gender,andlevelofeducation,pilotparticipantsareactivelymonitoringthestatusoftheirHLPinpreparationforreturn.Preliminarydatademonstrateanimportantopportunitytoharnesswidespreaddesireforreturn,displacedpeople’sdetailedknowledgeoftheirHLP,andaccesstomobiletechnologytodramaticallyimprovethereturnandrestitutionprocesses.
DDHLPDIGITALLYDESIGNED
HOUSING,LAND,&PROPERTY
RIGHTS
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PilotSurvey:UsingMobileTechnologytoMonitorHousing,Land,andPropertyinIraq
74%displacedbetweenJuneandAugust2014
96%displacedformorethan2years
DISPLACEMENT
OBSTACLESTORETURNWhatiskeepingyoufromreturning?
79%Conflict/insecurity
54%Lackofservices
22%Propertydestruction
18%Lackoffinancial
resources
DESIRETORETURNWherewouldyoumostprefertolive?
44%Returntomyplaceof
residence
39%Remaininmycurrent
location
WidespreaddesiretoreturnhomeandsignificantdemandtoremaininlocationofdisplacementemphasizetheimportanceofHLPtoreturns,restitution,andstability.
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PilotSurvey:UsingMobileTechnologytoMonitorHousing,Land,andPropertyinIraq
HOUSING,LAND,&PROPERTYTYPESOFHLPINHOMEAREA
97%House
44%Farm
23%Business
2%Apartment
CURRENTSTATUSOFHLPINHOMEAREA
55%Looted
24%Destroyed
50%Damaged
OfalltheparticipantswhoareawareofthecurrentstatusoftheirHLP,only16%reportthattheirholdings(house,farm,business,apartment)areintact;therest
havebeenlooted,damaged,ordestroyed.Damage,looting,anddestructionofHLPunderminelivelihood
security,canintensifydisputeswithinandbetweensocio-political,economic,andethnicpolities,anddramatically
underminethedesiretoreturnandrebuild.
16%ofHLPholdingsareINTACT
4
9%
0%
0%
26%
54%
0%
0%
69%
0%
57%
7%
Don'tknow
Armedgroup
Religious person/institution
NGO/CSO
Government
Lawyer
Police
Tribe
Friends
Family
Handlemyself
PilotSurvey:UsingMobileTechnologytoMonitorHousing,Land,andPropertyinIraq
GivenextensivedamagetoHLPinconflict-affectedareas,researchersaskedaseriesofopen-endedquestionsabouthowparticipantswouldrespondwhenfacedwiththeoccupation,damage,anddestructionoftheirprimaryresidence.
RESPONDINGTODESTROYED,DAMAGED,OROCCUPIEDHLP
Where/towhomwillyouturnifyoufindyourhome:
1.DAMAGEDandUNOCCUPIED?
3.DESTROYEDandUNOCCUPIED?
4%
0%
1%
27%
57%
1%
1%
6%
3%
5%
45%
Don'tknow
Armedgroup
Religious person/institution
NGO/CSO
Government
Lawyer
Police
Tribe
Friends
Family
Handlemyself
2.DAMAGEDbutOCCUPIED?
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PilotSurvey:UsingMobileTechnologytoMonitorHousing,Land,andPropertyinIraq
MONITORINGHLPSTATUS
61%
activelymonitorthestatusofHLPinhomeareas
MenaremorethantwiceaslikelytomonitorHLPthanwomen
HOWDOYOUMONITORYOURHLP?
36%visitthearea
68%callfriends,family,&neighbours
32%
shareinformationviasocialmedia
ACCESSTOMOBILEDEVICES
Averageof3mobilephonesperhousehold
1mobilephoneper2.8people
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PilotSurvey:UsingMobileTechnologytoMonitorHousing,Land,andPropertyinIraq
36%usemobilephonesandsocialmediatoactivelymonitorHLP;includessharinguptodateinformation,pictures,videos,anddocuments
37%awareofGoItransactionfreezeinDaeshareas
13%heardofIPCC
48%donotthinktheGoIwillassistreturns
60%donotthinktheGoIwillprovidecompensationforconflict-relateddamagestoHLP
DDHLPisdedicatedtoleveragingdigitaltechnologytorevolutionizeHLPfordisplacedpopulationsacrosstheglobe.DDHLPiscomprisedofinternationaldevelopmentresearchers,
academics,andapplicationspecialistswhohavespentdecadesworkingonHLPinconflictzones.Ourmissionistooptimizeexistingtechnologiesalreadybeingusedbydisplaced
populationstoensurequicker,morecosteffective,andmorejustresettlement.
Despitewidespreadaccesstomobiledevices,awarenessofkeyissuesrelatingtoreturnremainsalarminglylow.Accesstoinformationaboutlawsandgovernmentordonor-ledprogramswillhaveasignificantimpactonthestabilityofreturns.Digitalmediawillbekeytoraisingawareness.
AWARENESS
DIGITALLYDESIGNEDHOUSING,LAND,&PROPERTY
DDHLP
E:[email protected]:DigitallyDesignedHLP