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Digitization in Bulgaria: A Look from Inside and Outside
Dr. Milena Dobreva, Assoc. Prof.Institute of Mathematics and Informatics
Sofia, Bulgaria
Coordinator of KT-DigiCult-Bg project, FP6
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11 May 2004, Lisboa
Topics
The look from inside: Bulgarian experience Mediaeval manuscripts Virtual reality
The look from outside EC priorities DigiCult project Technology Watch Reports
(www.digicult.info)
The KT-DigiCult-BG project
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Are we similar?
What is more likely you will find if you search the web for Portugal and Bulgaria?
Not digitisation (yet!)
Football!
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Some comparison…
Portugal Bulgaria
Founding of the state
1143 681
Area 92,142 km2 111,000 km2
Population 10,358 thousand
8,421 thousand
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The View
FromInside
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Scope: Some Holdings in Bulgarian Repositories
8500 Christian manuscripts + 4000 Islamic More than 35000 early printed booksThird largest collection of epigraphic inscriptions in Latin and Ancient Greek in the worldOld Bulgarian runic inscriptions… and numerous other
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Why publish them in electronic form?
Access issues
Scattered collections
Preservation issues
Policy issues What priorities to follow?
The challenges of the new media How to present cultural heritage content?
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Applications of IT to Mediaeval Bulgarian Manuscript Studies
First attempt: c. 1970,
DBMS
Now
(based on 90 publications)
9%
61%
14%
4%
1%
11%
General
Text analysis
Imageprocessing
Data bases
Multimedia
Applicationsof AI
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Previous experience
Previous initiativesCatalogues: ISIS, Repertorium, MASTER,
XEditManTexts and images – isolated attemptsElectronic publications on CD-ROMs: Balkan
manuscripts, Quran, Iconography; The Treasury of Lysimachos
Boyana church – 3D model
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Boyana church – view from the outside
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Boyana church – inner view
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Manuscripts: Electronic Cataloguing
Example: TEI approach, MASTER project (2000)<marginalia>
<p lang="ENG">Inscriptions in red or dark ink by the principal scribe Dobrejsho? On fol. 3r <q lang=" OBG ">åäå ïðîêëÿòà õàðòèà</q>; on fol. 16r <q lang="OBG">+ïðîñòè ìÿ ñòàià Áöå íåäîñòîèíà</q>;fol. 18v <q lang="OBG">äà çà÷íу ïî çäðàâîó ñòãî Èwàíà åó(ã)ëèñòà</q>;fol. 120v with red ink <q lang="OBG">ïðîñòè è ïîì(ë)îó ñòîû èwàíå iåó(ã)ëèñòå:</q>; on the same folio a later hand imitating the main scribe<q lang="CHU">Å(ä)ðåíå ïîïú Äîáðýøî</q>; by the same hand on fol. 18v<q lang="CHU">Åäðåíå</q>; fol. 5r later inscription in black ink <q lang="BUL">Ãîäèíà wò Õð. "ÀÑÊÀ" 1221</q>; another late inscription in blue ink on fol. 77v-78r<q lang="CHU">Èìåëú ñ÷àñòiå ÷èòàòü ñiþ êíèãY åó(ã)ëiå íàïðèñòîëíîå Ãðèãîðié Èâàíîâú Òóë÷àíñêîé Ç×S ãîäà Òóë÷à</q>; </p>
</marginalia>
Additional info: http://www.cta.dmu.ac.uk/projects/master/
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Manuscripts: problems with Mediæval Text presentation
ApproachesLatin transliterationWSDFont and code tables problems -> UNICODE
Normalised textsSuper-, in-script and subscript letters; abbreviations,
initials and other ornamentation
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Isolated example of digitized images (not supplied with texts): The Enina Apostle
11 century (the oldest Bulgarian manuscript stored in Bulgaria)
39 folios survived in a lime-pit, badly damaged
Manuscripts: images
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Presentation of images
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Images
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Conclusions
Scattered experience
No mass digitization
Pure cultural heritage institutions’ involvement
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The
View
From
Outside
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European priorities
Expressed in Lund Principles:making visible and accessible the digitised
cultural and scientific heritage of Europe; coordination of efforts; development of a European view on policies
and programmes, as well as of mechanisms to promote good practice in a consistent manner
Digitization itself is not supported
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DigiCult Technology Watch Report 1 (S. Ross, M. Donnelly, M. Dobreva)
Customer Relationship ManagementDigital Asset Management SystemsSmart Labels and Smart TagsVirtual Reality and Display Technologies Human InterfacesGames Technologies
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DigiCult Technology Watch Report 2 (S. Ross, M. Donnelly, M. Dobreva)
The Application Service Model
The XML Family of Technologies
Cultural Agents and Avatars
Mobile Access to Cultural Information Resources
Right Management and Payment Technologies
Collaborative Mechanisms and Technologies
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Local specific features
European importance of collections……but they are not accessible in electronic formMain experience in pre-digitisation work, such as cataloguing, and text encoding…… but mass digitisation never started anywhereDigitisation work per se has not been done…… thus we do not match current EC prioritiesNo governmental programme (resp., funding)…… i.e. external financial support is needed
It is not economically feasible separate cultural institutions to build their own digitisation units.
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KT-DigiCult-BG project
Knowledge Transfer for Digitisation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage in Bulgaria
Starting in 2004, 4-years project, supported by FP6
Phase 1: acquisition of knowledge
Phase 2: absorption of knowledge (visits to our institute)
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Basic Fields of Work - 1
General methodology and practical setting for digitisation of cultural and scientific heritage
Digitisation of mediaeval manuscripts (incl. digital imaging, cataloguing, text representation, electronic publishing)
Digitisation of mathematical texts and building digital mathematical library of works of Bulgarian mathematicians
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Basic Fields of Work
Virtual reality applications for presentation of immovable cultural heritage.
Audio archives: methods for digitisation and restoration.
Application of quantitative methods for the study of data related to the cultural heritage.
Applications of edutainment to cultural heritage studies.
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Conclusions
We hope that through the project we will raise the interest of scientific and cultural heritage institutions to start REAL work
Interested colleagues are welcome to contribute to our project
We are open for collaboration
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Thank you for your attention!