Domain Name Registration
Presented By:Jessica Bradley
David Cunningham
John Morrison
Overview
How To Register Your Domain
Domain Name Policies and Regulations
Domain Name Servers
ICANN.org
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and NumbersAddress Supporting Org. –IP AddressesDomain Name Supporting Org. – Domain
Name RegistrationProtocol Supporting Org. – Parameters for
Internet protocols
Domain Name S.O.
1993 - Network Solutions given the government contract to assign Domain NamesApril 1999 - Shared Registry System begins with 5 testbed companiesCurrently 32 active members 60 accredited, but not yet operational 18 awaiting accreditation
How to Register
Select an Accredited RegistrarFind a domain name to registerFill in the requested informationDecide how long you want the name$35/year (up to 10 years) for .com, .net
or .orgor park the domain, $40/year (up to 10
years)
Number of Registrants
Number of Registrants with Network Solutions, since 1993
0
2
4
6
8
10
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Time (Days)
Re
gis
tran
ts (
in
Millio
ns)
* According to Network Solutions.com
Trademark Infringement
Your domain name may not contain a registered trademarkTrademark laws on the Internet follow the laws for normal use of trademarksProblem: Companies are using all permutations of their trademark to take away domain namesEFF, DNRC, CPSR argue that it is unconstitutional
VW vs. VW vs. VW
The Implicated CompaniesVolkswagen - vw.com (Automaker)Virtual Works – vw.net (Internet Firm)Virtually Wired – vw.org (CPSR)
VW Trademark of Volkswagen
Permutations infringe on trademark
Anti-Cybersquatting Act
Cybersquatting: registering a domain name knowing that someone else wants itThreat of costing both innocent and illegal domain name holders up to $100,000UDRP (Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy) Network Solutions and ICANN Any Domain Name found “infringing” on a registered
trademark is forfeited to the holder of the name immediately
Domain names with invalid registration information may be forfeited
Domain Name Registration Coalition
Founded 1996Opposes the Anti-Cybersquatting Act, ICANN“Represents the interests and views of entrepreneurs, small businesses and individuals on the Internet”Free speech on the internet, including your choice of domain names
Electronic Frontier Foundation
Opposes Anti-Trademark bills passed by GovernmentTrademark bills unconstitutional and take away freedom of speechExisting trademark bills allow companies in non-competing areas to use permutations of trademark. Internet trademark bills do not
DNS - What is it?
Global network of servers
Translates host names into numerical addresses villanova.edu --> 153.104.1.200
Ease of memorization is key reason
Failure of DNS results: web sites cannot be located e-mail delivery stalls
DNS - History
Designed in 1984 by Paul Mockapetris
Originally maintained by Stanford Research Institute’s Network Information Center (SRI-NIC).
As new hosts names came along, added to table a few times a week
As the internet grew, table became huge
DNS - Current
Distributed Database
Hierarchical
No single organization responsible for maintenance
Most DNS Server = Unix machine running BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain) software
DNS - Current (cont.)
Two elements - name server and resolver name server supplies name-to-address conversions if unsuccessful, resolver passes to next name
server
Cache Server vs. Authoritative Server authoritative servers answer queries according to
DNS protocols cache server query authoritative servers and store
result for certain period of time can be combination of both based on zones
DNS - How it Works
URL typed in by userBrowser sends request to closest name server If name server has ever fielded request for that host
name (within a certain time period set by administrators), locates information in cache and replies
Otherwise it passes it to an authoritative name server (much like routers)
If the servers are slow and computer times out, or host name does not exist, error message returned
Links
ICANN: http://www.icann.orgNetwork Solutions: http://www.networksolutions.comDNRC: http://www.domain-name.orgEFF: http://www.eff.orgCPSR: http://www.cpsr.orgUnited States Trademark and Patent Office: http://www.uspto.org