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Dr. YVN KRISHNAMURTHYDeputy Director, Regional Centres
NRSC/ISRO, Hyderabad
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Specific Risk (Rs) = H x V x E(value of)
Total Risk (Rt) = H x ∑ (V x E (value of)
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… impact beyond the manageable
limits of available resources ….
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Source: ESRI
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Pre-Disaster PhasePre-Disaster PhaseRISK IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION
The RISK identification is based upon the history of disasters that occurred in the past
Historical Data and Geo-environmental and terrain Conditions help to construct the hazard maps and to
a. Quantify the hazarda. Quantify the hazard
The RISK evaluation is based on the vulnerability of elements at risk Stock and state of constructions, infrastructure, facilities Characteristics of population Stock and state of societal and individual assets Environment, topography, soil,..
b. Construct vulnerability mapsb. Construct vulnerability maps
c. Quantify the c. Quantify the valuevalue of of elements at Riskelements at Risk
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Pre-Disaster PhasePre-Disaster PhaseDISASTER MITIGATION, PREDICTIONS, WARNING AND PREPAREDNESS
Disaster Mitigation Reduce the Hazard or vulnerability or both
Continuous and long term efforts through:
ENGINEERING MEASURES PHYSICAL PLANNING MEASURES ECONOMIC MEASURES MANAGEMENT & INSTITUTIONAL MEASURES SOCIAL MEASURES
Predictions and WarningsPredictions and Warnings alert for preparedness and efficient response
Disaster Preparedness Disaster Preparedness aims to reduce the loss from future disasters
Consists of planned measures to deal with a disaster
Involve mock drills
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During the DisasterDuring the DisasterRESPONSE
Post - DisasterPost - DisasterRECONSTRUCTION
IMPLEMENTATION OF PLANNING OR MEASURES PUT IN PLACE IN THE PREPAREDNESS PHASE
SAVING LIFE – PRIORITY Evacuation Assessment and Emergency Relief Logistics and Supply Communication and information Management
RESTORING NORMALCY RESCUE-RELIEF-REHABILITATION
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(Source: Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED) Emergency Events Database EM-DAT)
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Information systems for capturing, storing, retrieving, analyzing and
displaying spatial data
Database systems in which the data are spatially indexed, upon which a set of procedures are operated in order to answer
queries about spatial entities in the database
DEFINITIONSUSEA Powerful tool for solving real-world problems by spatial analysis
Thematic data layers
People
Method
DataHardware
Software
COMPONENTS
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Identification Where ?
Locate What is there?
Trends What if ?
Patterns What has changed ?
Optimum path What is the best route ?
Models What relations exists between ?
1. Location Information: Where is it?
51°N, 112°W
2. Attribute Information:
What is it?
Species: OakHeight: 15mAge: 75 Yrs
Provided….The data is stored with:
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RASTER DATA REPRESENTATION
Tessellation
RasterFeatures
Sampling
Regular square tessellation is RASTER data model
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VECTOR DATA REPRESENTATION-object based approach-representation by coordinate system-built on two common concepts
-decomposition of spatial objects into basic graphic elements-spatial relation between these elements (topology)
-basic graphic elements-point, line, polygon
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MapC= MapA + 1015 12
16
15
15 15 15
12
12
121212
16 16 16 16
Map C
MapC1= MapA + MapB
9 10
7
9
9 9 9
10
10
1033
7 7 14 14
Map C1
4 84
4 4 4
8
8
81
1 1
1
8 8
1
Map B
5
5 5 5
5 2 2
2
2226
6 6 6 6
Map A
MapC2= ((MapA - MapB)/(MapA + MapB)) *100
11 60
71 3333
71 71 14 14
11
111111
60
60
60
Map C2
NETWORK ANALYSIS – AM/FM, Route/Resource Management SURFACE ANALYSIS – Runoff Modeling /Topographic Analysis POINT PATTERN ANALYSIS – Spatial extrapolation SITE SUITSBILITY ANALYSIS - Nuclear waste disposal site identification HAZARD / RISK MODELLING - Slope stability analysis, Flood Forecasting, Drought Modelling….
COMMON MODELLING APPLICATIONSCOMMON MODELLING APPLICATIONS
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Courtesy: ESRI
DESK TOP GIS CLIENT-SERVER GIS MOBILE & WEB GIS
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Seamless integration of GIS Applications and Open-source DBMS/OS/Web-Servers/Web-Services/SDKs
Interoperability
Courtesy: ESRI
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Relief / Rehabilitation
Damage Assessment
Supply / Logistic
Communication
Pre-Disaster Phase During Disaster
Risk Evaluation
Mitigation
Early Warning
Monitoring/ Tracking
Post-Disaster
Remote Sensing / Satellite Communication / Geospatial Modeling
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Satellite, Aerial & Ground Systems
Met/ Ocean
Observations
Emergencycommunication
High-Res. Imaging
Laser
Terrain Mapper
All weather mappingReal TimeMapping LEOAerialGround basedAW
SDWR
Geo.
Products & Services – Damage Assessment, Monitoring, .. NDEM, Hazard Zonation, Risk
Assessment, …Networking, Early Warning [CWDS, IOTWS, INFRAS, ..]
MHA, NDMA, MoA, PMO, CabSectt [CMG], State Agencies
Decision Support Centre(DSC)
CWC, IMD, GSI, MOES/ DOD, DST, FSI, ..
Emergency Communication Network - VPN; Support - MSS Type-D, WLL VSAT, …
Technology Development & Research - ASAR, Forecasting/ Simulation Models, ..
Capacity Building Int. Commitments (Int. Charter, Sentinal Asia, UN-SPIDER)
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Megha-TropiqueMegha-Tropique
2011
ResourceSat-2
LISS III, LISS IV, AWiFS
ResourceSat-2
LISS III, LISS IV, AWiFS
2011
GSAT 8 & 12GSAT 8 & 12
2011
Geo StationaryGeo Stationary
INDIAN IMAGING CAPABILITYINDIAN IMAGING CAPABILITY
SUN-SYNCHRONOUSSUN-SYNCHRONOUS
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Post Disaster Phase
Flood Control works
Mitigation Phase
Hazard Zonation
Warning Phase
Inundation Simulation
During Response Phase
Flood Mapping
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Flood Hazard and Risk EvaluationFlood Early WarningBank ErosionFlood ResponseMobile Applications in Disaster Management
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Landslide Hazard ModellingEarthquake Hazard ModellingForest Fire AlertsNuclear Emergency Response SystemAgricultural Drought Vulnerability
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High Resolution Images
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Indian EO Missions - The Near Future
2008
2009
RISAT C-band SAR; 3-50 m
2010
2011
TES : Hyperspectral Hyper VNIR (64 ch., 25m, 25km)Hyper SWIR (64 ch., 25m, 25km)
plus…
Resourcesat 3Wide Field LISS 3
(6 ch., 23.5m; 600 km)
GEO-HR Imager HR VNIR (4 ch., 50m, 400km)HR IR (10 ch., 1km, 340 km)
plus…
Resourcesat 2 AWiFS (55m;800 km)
LISS 3 (23.5m; 140 km) LISS 4 (5.8m; 70 km)
Cartosat 3 PAN (0.3 m, 10 Km)
MX (4 ch., 1.2m, 10km)
Oceansat 2 OCM, Scatterometer,
ROSA
INSAT 3D (VHRR)
SARAL Ka-Altimeter & Argos
I-STAGMAPI, MAVELI, MAGIS
Megha Tropiques MADRAS, SAPHIR, ScaRab, GPS Occ.
Land
& W
ater
Carto
graphic Oce
an &
Atm
ospher
ic
Resourcesat 2
RISAT
Cartosat-3
SARAL
MeghaTropiques
Oceansat -2
INSAT 3D