DRIVER FATIGUE AND DROWSINESS MONITORING
SYSTEM
S.Sithankatthan,Dr.P.K.Jawahar,
P.G.Student,Head Of Department
Department of ECE,
B.S.Abdur Rahman University,
[email protected],[email protected]
Abstract- while driving in order to prevent
the accidents. Driver drowsiness detection
plays an important role in driver assistance
systems. The main idea is to detect the
drowsiness of a person This proposed
approach will be a new accident avoidance
system by reducing the complexity in the
hardware which is going to be implemented
in an automobile. The two main objectives
of this system are to measure the pulse rate
of the driver to detect his drowsiness/
fatigueness and to reduce the complexity in
developing the control application such as
speed control of a vehicle and giving an
emergency signal through SMS to the
nearest hospitals by using CAN protocol.
Keywords: pulse rate, speed control, CAN
protocol
I. INTRODUCTION
Nearly 80% of accidents are occurring due to
drowsiness and fatigue of driver. Several
researches on developing drowsiness detection
systems for drivers have been reported in the
literature and proposed in the way of a non-
intrusive monitoring. These drowsiness
detection methods can be categorised into two
major approaches. Video recognition
techniques using camera images have been
used widely in the method. This approach
analyses the images captured by cameras to
detect physical changes in drivers, such as
eyelid movement, eye gaze, yawning and head
nodding. This vision-based method is not very
accurate because it is severely affected by
environmental backgrounds, driving
conditions and driver activities. A few cases
have been studied to monitor the condition of
car drivers using non-intrusive biomedical
signal measurement to detect driver‟s fatigue
and drowsiness.
The non-intrusive biomedical signal
measurement method to detect driver
drowsiness has the following advantages
compared with video recognition technique.
The biomedical signals measured can give
significant information such as health, and
fatigue in addition to drowsiness of the driver.
However the measurement methods of
biomedical signals, such as wired connection
on brain , wearable chest belt and electrodes
located driving chair , are still uncomfortable
or inaccurate. Until now many efforts have
been focused on how to obtain the biomedical
signals under convenient and non-invasive
measurement environment. Our non-intrusive
driver fatigue and drowsiness monitoring
system is a feasible solution for comfortable
and reliable biomedical signal measurement.
II.ALGORITHM
In this paper we propose a novel
algorithm is peak detection algorithm.
Fig.1 flow chart for peak detection algorithm.
Fig 1. Shows the overall process of peak
detection algorithm. The proposed system
consists of two steps. The first step is getting
the filtered input signals .the second step is to
detect the peaks which has to lesser than the i
peaks .the peaks which are lesser than the i-1
will be detected and will used for the
detecting the next pulse if the value of pulse is
i+1 the there exists a peak otherwise the
process is stopped and the overall process is
repeated from the step one.
A.CAN PROTOCOL
The protocol system used in this proposed
system is CAN protocol. This protocol is
based on the “broadcast communication
system” which is message oriented protocol .
It defines the message contents rather than the
station and station address . every message
has message identifier, message frame which
is unique and contains the priority of message.
it is easy to add stations without modifying the
hardware and software. In emergency
conditions the message exchange within the
network .If for example engine load is
transmitted frequently with less delays rather
than the other dimensions .The priority of
exchanging the messages is made possible by
the message identifier. There are two different
types of frames are used in this system which
are “bus frame” and “extended frame”. The
CAN bus frame consists of “start of frame”,
“arbitatration field” and “remote transmission
request”, which is used to differentiate the data
frame and data request frame. The difference
between an extended frame format message
and a base frame format message is the length
of the identifier used. The 29-bit identifier is
made up of the 11-bit identifier (“base
identifier”) and an 18-bit extension (“identifier
extension”).
The distinction between CAN base
frame format and CAN extended frame format
is made by using the IDE bit, which is
transmitted as dominant in case of an 11-bit
frame, and transmitted as recessive in case of a
29-bit frame. As the two formats have to co-
exist on one bus, it is laid down which
message has higher priority on the bus in the
case of bus access collision with different
formats and the same identifier / base
identifier: The 11-bit message always has
priority over the 29-bit message .
B.WORKING PRINCIPLE
The general working principle of this
proposed system is shown in fig.2.
Fig 2. Design flow of proposed system.
The above system consists of three
sections which are named as automatic
dim/dip of headlight of the car, detecting the
drowsiness of the person and sending the
emergency messages to the nearest hospital.
The pulses are taken from the wrist of the
person. From the databases collected from the
different persons it is assured that the normal
pulse rate of person is 68-78 bpm and the
drowsiness person pulse rate will be around
58-63 bpm. From the above note the
drowsiness is detected and control applications
are done.
C.PULSE OXIMETER SENSOR
The principal advantage of optical sensors
for medical applications is their intrinsic safety
since there is no electrical contact between the
patient and the equipment. (An added bonus is
that they are also less suspect to
electromagnetic interference). This has given
rise to a variety of optical techniques to
monitor physiological parameters: for
example, the technique of Laser Doppler
velocimetry to measure red blood cell velocity.
However, in this lecture course we will
concentrate on the technique of pulse oximetry
for the non−invasive measurement of arterial
oxygen saturation in the blood (although a
second use of the technology will be discussed
right at the end of the course).
For patients at risk of respiratory
failure, it is important to monitor the efficiency
of gas exchange in the lungs, ie how well the
arterial blood is oxygenated (as opposed to
whether or not air is going in and out of the
lungs). Preferably, such information should be
available to clinicians of a continuous basis
(rather than every few hours). Both of these
requirements can be met non−invasively2 with
the technology of pulse oximetry. The
technique is now well established and is in
regular clinical use during anaesthesia and
intensive care (especially neonatal intensive
care since many premature infants undergo
some form of ventilator therapy).
III.EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
Fig 3
Fig 4
Fig 5
IV.CONCLUSION
In this proposed system by using the
single measurement that is pulse the
corresponding control application such as
speed control system ,automatically increasing
and decreasing the intensity of the headlight of
a car and sending emergency signal to nearby
hospitals are done by using the measurement
of a pulse ,thus the complexity of hardware
which is going to be implemented on the
drivers mechanism is reduced by this system
and life of driver is also saved by this
proposed system thereby reducing the death
rate and this system will be more useful for
today generation.
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