Education and Employment Education and Employment of Biological and Medical of Biological and Medical
Scientists 2013Scientists 2013
Data from National SurveysData from National Surveys
Howard H. GarrisonFASEB Office of Public Affairs
Graduate School Application Graduate School Applications in Biological and Health Scienc
es [Slide 9]
Graduate Records Examination (GRE) Scores Mean Quantitative Scores of US Citizens and Permanent Resi
dents Intending to Enroll in Biological and Health Sciences [Slide 11]
Graduate School Enrollment First Time, Full Time Biological and Medical Sciences Graduat
e Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Citizenship/Visa Status [Slide 13]
First Time, Full Time Biological and Medical Sciences Grad Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Ethnicity (US Citizens and Permanent Residents Only) [Slide 14]
Contents 1/6: Click title to link to slide
2
Graduate School Enrollment (continued) Total Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in
Doctorate Granting Departments by Citizenship/Visa Status US Citizens & Permanent Residents and Temporary Residents
[Slide 15] US Citizens & Permanent Residents Only [Slide 16] Temporary Residents Only [Slide 17]
Total Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Ethnicity (US Citizens and Permanent Residents Only) [Slide 18]
Total Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Sex [Slide 19]
Full Time Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Mechanism of Support [Slide 20]
NIH Trainees and Fellows Pre-Doctoral and Post-Doctoral Positions on NIH Training Gra
nts and Fellowships [Slide 22]
Contents 2/6: Click title to link to slide
3
NIH Trainees and Fellows (continued) Fellowship (F32) Applications and Awards [Slide 23] NIH Spending on Training Grants and Fellowships [Slide 24]
Doctorate Awards Doctorate Degrees Awarded in the Biological and Medical Sci
ences by Citizenship/Visa Status [Slide 26]
Doctorate Degrees Awarded in the Biological and Medical Sciences by Ethnicity (US Citizens and Permanent Residents Only) [Slide 27]
Doctorate Degrees Awarded in the Biological and Medical Sciences by Sex [Slide 28]
Academic Postdoctoral Appointments Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Citizenship/ Visa
Status [Slide 30]
Contents 3/6: Click title to link to slide
4
Academic Postdoctoral Appointments (continued) Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Degree and
Citizenship/ Visa Status US and Temporary Resident Postdocs with MD or PhD [Slide 31] US Postdocs with MD or PhD [Slide 32] Temporary Resident Postdocs with MD or PhD [Slide 33]
Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Sex and Citizenship/ Visa Status [Slide 34]
Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Source of Support [Slide 35]
Postdoctoral Appointments for Individuals with PhDs from US Institutions Percent of US Biomedical PhDs with Postdoc 1-2 Years Post-PhD
[Slide 37] Percent of US Biomedical PhDs with Postdoc 3-4 Years Post-PhD
[Slide 38] Percent of US Biomedical PhDs with Academic Postdoc 1-2 Years P
ost-PhD [Slide 39]
Percent of US Biomedical PhDs with Academic Postdoc 3-4 Years Post-PhD [Slide 40]
Contents 4/6: Click title to link to slide
5
Stay Rates of Foreign Doctorate Recipientsfrom US Universities Stay Rates for Temporary Residents with Life Science Doctor
ates [Slide 42]
Employment Status of Individuals with PhDs from US Institutions Employment of Biomedical Science PhDs by Sector of Emplo
yment [Slide 44]
Distribution of Biomedical Science PhDs by Sector of Employment [Slide 45]
Academically Employed Biomedical PhDs by Tenure Status [Slide 46]
Distribution of Academically Employed Biomedical PhDs by Tenure Status [Slide 47]
Percentage of U.S. Biomedical Science PhDs Holding Tenure or Tenure-Track Positions, Total [Slide 48]
Contents 5/6: Click title to link to slide
6
Employment Status of Individuals with PhDs from US Institutions (continued) Percentage of U.S. Biomedical Science PhDs Holding Tenure or Te
nure-Track Positions 5-6 Years Post-PhD [Slide 49]
Medical School Faculty Appointments Medical School Faculty Members by Degree and Department Type
[Slide 51] Total and New Faculty 1970 to 2007 in U.S. Medical Schools
[Slide 52]
NIH Grant Applications and Awards Age of First Time R01 Equivalent Investigators [Slide 54] Number of Competing Awards (Including First R01) [Slide 55]
Employment in Industry Employment in U.S. Biotechnology Firms, 1992-2012 [Slide 57] Employment in U.S. Pharmaceutical Companies, 1999-2010 [Slide
58]
Contents 6/6: Click title to link to slide
7
8
Graduate School Application
Source: http://www.cgsnet.org/ 9
Graduate School Applications in Health and Biological Sciences
Return to Contents
Graduate Records Examination (GRE) Scores
10
Source: http://www.ets.org 11
Mean Quantitative Scores of US Citizens and Permanent Residents Intending to Enroll in Biological and Health Sciences
Return to Contents
* Data are for 4 years ending in reference date.
Graduate School Enrollment
12
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Temporary Residents
US Citizens and Permanent Residents
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
First Time, Full Time Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Citizenship/Visa Status
13Return to Contents
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander
Other
American Indian or Alaskan Native
Hispanic/ Latino
Black/ African-American (non-Hispanic/ Latino)
Asian
White (non-Hispanic/ Latino)
First Time, Full Time Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Ethnicity (US Citizens and Permanent Residents Only)
14Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/ Return to Contents
Total Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Citizenship/Visa Status
15Return to ContentsSource: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
US Citizens and Permanent Residents
Total Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments: U.S. Citizens and Permanent Residents
16Return to ContentsSource: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
Temporary Residents
Total Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments, Temporary Residents Only
17Return to ContentsSource: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000Other US Citizens and Permanent ResidentsAmerican Indian or Alaskan NativeHispanic/LatinoBlack/African American (non-Hispanic/Latino)Asian or Pacific IslanderWhite (non-Hispanic/Latino)
Total Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Ethnicity (US Citizens and Permanent Residents Only)
18Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/ Return to Contents
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
Female
Male
Total Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Sex
19Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/ Return to Contents
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/ 20
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
Research Assistantships
Other (including self)
Teaching Assistantships
Traineeships
Fellowships
Unknown
Full Time Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Mechanism of Support
Return to Contents
NIH Trainees and Fellows
21
Pre-Doctoral and Post-Doctoral Full-Time Positions Awarded on NIH Training Grants and Fellowships
22Source: http://grants1.nih.gov/grants/award/award.htm Return to Contents
Source: http://grants1.nih.gov/grants/award/award.htm
Fellowship (F32) Applications Reviewed and Awarded
23
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
50.0%
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
PercentageN
umbe
r
Applications Awards Success Rate
Return to Contents
NIH Spending on Training Grants and Fellowships
24Source: http://officeofbudget.od.nih.gov/UI/HistoricalBudgetRequests.htm
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
0.0%
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
3.0%
3.5%
4.0%
4.5%
Th
ou
sand
s of D
ollars
Per
cen
tag
e
Percent of total NIH budget Dollars
Return to Contents
Doctorate Awards
25
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
Unknown Citizenship
Temporary Residents
U.S. Citizens and PermanentResidents
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/doctorates/
Doctorate Degrees Awarded in the Biological and Medical Sciences by Citizenship/Visa Status
26Return to Contents
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000Other US Citizens and Permanent ResidentsAmerican Indian or Alaska NativeHispanic/ LatinoBlack/ African-American (non-Hispanic/ Latino)Asian or Pacific Islander-CombinedWhite (non-Hispanic/ Latino)
Doctorate Degrees Awarded in the Biological and Medical Sciences by Ethnicity (US Citizens and Permanent Residents Only)
27Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/doctorates/ Return to Contents
Doctorate Degrees Awarded in the Biological and Medical Sciences by Sex
28
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
Female
Male
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/doctorates/ Return to Contents
Academic Postdoctoral Appointments
29
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
Temporary Residents
U.S. Citizens and Permanent Residents
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Citizenship/Visa Status
30Return to Contents
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000Foreign Postdocs with MD or MD/PhD
Foreign Postdocs with PhD
US Postdocs with MD or MD/PhD
US Postdocs with PhD
Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Degree and Citizenship/Visa Status
31Return to ContentsSource: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
US Postdocs with MD or MD/PhD
US Postdocs with PhD
Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Degree and U.S. Citizens and Permanent Residents Only
32Return to ContentsSource: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
Foreign Postdocs with MD or MD/PhD
Foreign Postdocs with PhD
Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Degree: Temporary Residents Only
33Return to ContentsSource: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Sex and Citizenship/ Visa Status
34
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
Foreign Postdocs, Female
Foreign Postdocs, Male
US Postdocs, Female
US Postdocs, Male
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/ Return to Contents
Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Source of Support
35
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
Other Federal Sources
Unknown Sources
Non-Federal Sources
Traineeships
Fellowships
Research Grants
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/ Return to Contents
Postdoctoral Appointments for Individuals with PhDs from US Institutions
36
Percentage of US Biomedical PhDs with Postdoc 1-2 Years Post-PhD
37Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/ Return to Contents
Percentage of US Biomedical PhDs with Postdoc 3-4 Years Post-PhD
38Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/ Return to Contents
Percentage of US Biomedical PhDs with Academic Postdoc 1-2 Years Post-PhD
39Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/ Return to Contents
Percentage of US Biomedical PhDs with Academic Postdoc 3-4 Years Post-PhD
40Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/ Return to Contents
Stay Rates of Foreign Doctorate Recipients from US Universities
41
Source: http://orise.orau.gov/science-education/publications/ 42
Stay Rates for Temporary Residents with Life Sciences Doctorates
Return to Contents
Employment Status of Individuals with PhDs from US Institutions
43
Employment of Biomedical Science PhDs bySector of Employment
44Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/ Return to Contents
Distribution of Biomedical Science PhDs bySector of Employment
Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/ 45Return to Contents
Academically Employed Biomedical PhDs by Tenure Status
46Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/ Return to Contents
Distribution of Academically Employed Biomedical PhDs by Tenure Status
47Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/ Return to Contents
Percentage of US Biomedical Science PhDs Holding Tenure or Tenure-Track Positions, Total
48Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/ Return to Contents
Percentage of US Biomedical Science PhDs Holding Tenure or Tenure-Track Positions 5-6 Years Post-PhD
49Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/ Return to Contents
Medical School Faculty Appointments
50
Medical School Faculty Members by Degree and Department Type
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
MD-PhD in Clinical Sci Dept
PhD in Clinical Sci Dept
MD in Clinical Sci Dept
MD-PhD in Basic Sci Dept
PhD in Basic Sci Dept
MD in Basic Sci Dept
Source: https://www.aamc.org/data/facultyroster/reports/ Return to Contents 51
Total and New Full-Time Faculty 1970 to 2010 in US Medical Schools with Ph.D. or equivalent degree (includes M.D./Ph.D.)
Source: http://www.aamc.org 52Return to Contents
NIH Grant Applications and Awards
53
Source: http://report.nih.gov/ 54
Average Age of First Time R01 Equivalent Investigators
Return to Contents
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
All Research Project Grants
R01 Equivalent
First Time R01 Equivalent
Source: http://grants1.nih.gov/grants/award/award.htm 55
Number of Competing NIH Awards (Including First R01)
Return to Contents
Employment in Industry
56
60,0
00 73,0
00 94,0
00 106,
000
114,
000
130,
000
142,
800
142,
900
124,
800
137,
400
119,
000 14
1,20
0
131,
300
120,
300
106,
600
113,
010
98,5
70
100,
100
79,0
00 97,0
00
103,
000
108,
000
118,
000 14
0,00
0
153,
000
162,
000
176,
000
193,
000
194,
600
177,
000
187,
500
170,
500 19
2,70
0
192,
600
186,
820
176,
210
177,
100
161,
560
165,
198
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
Publicly ownedcompanies
Total, all biotechcompanies
Employment in U.S. Biotechnology Firms, 1992-2012
Source: http://www.ey.com/GL/en/Industries/Life-Sciences Return to Contents57
Employment in U.S. Pharmaceutical Companies, 1999-2010
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000Prehuman/Preclinical
Clinical
Non-Staff
Total R&D Personnel
Source: http://www.phrma.org/profiles-reports Return to Contents58
For comments or questions, please contact Howard Garrison at [email protected] or call 301-634-7650.