西安培华学院《综合英语》课程教学教案
西安培华学院《综合英语》课程教学教案
授课院(部）
外语学院
授课教师
学生层次
本科生（√ ）
课程名称
综合英语
授课方式
实践课（√ ）
授课专业
专业英语
授课班级
考核方式
考试
总学时数
周学时数
6
学时分配
教材名称
综合英语教程
作 者
何兆熊
出版社及出版时间
上海外语教育出版社
教学基本单元设计
授课章节
Unit 1
授课时间
年 月 日
教学目的
1. Functions: expressing some unforgettable experience
2. Grammatical points: so …that clause of purpose adverbial
教学方法及手段
Listening, speaking, discussing and practice, etc.
课堂教学设计（内容及过程）与小结
1. Reading comprehension and language activities.
1.1 Pre-reading Activities
Ask the students to discuss some questions related to the text:
Discuss the following questions:
1 Do you remember your first days at college? Did anything special happen then?
2 Are you afraid of making mistakes that clause embarrassment?
2. Asking them to read the comprehension, and then explain the new words or phrases.
3. Practice
Ask the students to finish the exercise in language work to check their study of new words.
4. Discussion
Turn to P 10 of the student book, try to discuss the first in oral activities.
重 点
drive off, distinct, first-gradish, distress, set out, seek out, whereabouts, discreetly, clutch, reserve, tip off, humiliation, assortment
难 点
so…that clause, in other that…
参考资料
综合英语教程（教师用书），何兆熊，2010，上海外语教育出版社。
牛津高阶英汉双解词典，李北达，牛津大学出版社。
作 业
Ex 2: language work, Ex 3: grammar work, Ex4: word formation, Ex 5: vocabulary work, Ex 6: Translation
讲义
备注
I. Discussion Questions:
Is entering an elite university the only way to success?
What might ensure your success?
How do you define “defeat” and “victory”?
The key words of answers :
1) top students/smaller number of schools
2) not most positive/ not best fit/ not the way to choose colleges
3) focus on outcome not biggest name/ top students/ crushed in prestige schools/ never reach potential
4) self –directed/ know what you want /aggressive/or get lost
5) 600 application/ accept 30/ 10 from non-prestige schools
6) American presumption/ a spark of genius in everybody/signs of a stratifying class system
II. Language study:
1.Clutch : vi.vt.~ one’s bag ; ~at the rope
2.Reserve: a man of ~; break through the ~ of the stepson; natural reserve; have the reputation for being ~d.
3.tip off: tip sb. off that … be tipped off about the robbery.
4. flail: ~ one’s arms ； feet ~ed.
5.distinct: clearly seen, heard, felt, understood, etc; noticeable.
There was a ~change in her attitude towards work../ ~ memories of his grandfather.
6. distinctive: clearly different from others or other things.
c.f. There is a smell of beer in this room.
Beer has a very smell; it’s from the smell of wine.
7. malicious: a ~ remark/gossip
Malice: through ~; bear ~ to /towards/against
8. shackles: place ~s on the suspect’s hands; break through the ~s of habit.
9. sneak vi.vt. (in out past away)
The man sneaked about the place watching for a chance to steal sth.
10.distress: n. be in great ~; a ship in ~ V. be ~ed by the illness
11. preoccupy: preoccupied by / with ( seat, sb.)
His seat has been ~pied. You were too ~pied to notice me at the bus stop yesterday.
12. pose : n. His brave words were merely a pose. Put on a pose of …a stage ~
Vt. Pose an obstacle to; allow me to pose a question; pose the model
vi. pose for the photo with; pose as a writer; be posing
13. assure: ~us(that); nothing can ~permanent happiness.
14. catch: I don’t quite catch on. The folk song caught on really quickly.
He was caught out.
15. grope :v.~ about for information, ~for the door handle ; n. ~ one’s way
16. figure: v.I~ it like this. I ~ you like some tea.
We must ~ out how to solve the problem. / who the lady with the sunglasses was.
n. five figure income
17.reserve: vt. All rights reserved. The great future reserved for you. ~ one’s strength for the next battle.
n. the first ~ : the second ~ / break down all ~, throw off the ~
adj. be ~d for ;
18. assume: assume this to be true; assume that …
Assume office/ a leading position/ responsibility / assume great airs / ~ a new name
III. Exercises:
1.Dictation:
There are generally two educational methods: the lecture method and the group learning method. In a lecture classroom, the teacher dominates the class by doing most of the talking. Students listen and take notes. This method is best at passing on content to students. It prepares students for a society that values discipline and self-control. The problem is that students forget most of the facts that they have mechanically memorized. In contrast, the teacher of a group learning classroom appears to have no definite role at all, wandering about from group to group. Students do not memorize information, but they actively generate their own ideas, each contributing insights for the success of the group. This method prepares students for a society that values creative ideas. The disadvantage is that students have not memorized enough basic facts.
Dictation 2
How is it that hard work and greater efficiency do not necessarily result in a sense of achievement? Social scientists drew a crucial distinction between two words often used as synonyms: “efficient” and “effective.” “Efficient”emphasizes the means of production, the degree of economy with which it is carried out, while “effective” focuses on the result or purpose for which the activity is carried out.
It is noted that by using a minimum amount of energy and time, we can be very efficient in performing a certain task. Yet our work is actually effective only when it contributes to our goals. True effectiveness is not a matter of doing things right but of doing the right things, and we shouldn’t let the apparent success of being more efficient mask the mistake of performing an activity that is not important.
3. Translate the following into English:
我上大学的最初几天是难以忘怀的。当父亲驾车离开，将我独自留在校园里的时候，我不知道该做什么了。不管我如何极力拿出一副成熟的样子，我就是摆脱不了一个一年级新生的感觉。我花了好几个小时，搞清了我的寝室和我要上课的各个教室。第二天早上，我坐在教室的前排，打开《美国文学》选读，用一种热情的态度准备上课。但是，当老师说“欢迎来听生物课”时，我意识到自己坐错了教室。我用铁一样的意志，摆出了一副生物专业生的姿态，一直坚持到讲座结束。下课以后，我感到我的胃需要加一点营养了，于是我匆匆赶往自助餐厅。但不幸的是，当我端着食物托盘朝一张桌子走去时，脚一滑，托盘翻倒，我失去了平衡，直直地倒在地上。好几天，我一直被一种耻辱感所困扰。过后，我渐渐地意识到自己把这种微不足道的小事看得过重了。在大学里，重要的是做自然的“我”， 发现真正的“我”，而不是试图把一切都做得尽善尽美。
教学基本单元设计
授课章节
Unit 2
授课时间
年 月 日
教学目的
1. Functions: express the tyranny of the urgent;
2. Grammatical points: coordinators and the classification of coordinators.
教学方法及手段
Listening, reading, speaking, discussing and practice, etc.
课堂教学设计（内容及过程）与小结
1. Reading comprehension and language activities.
1.1 Pre-reading Activities
Ask the students to discuss some questions related to the text:
Discuss the following questions:
1 Do you often feel pressed by time?
2 Do you hate meeting deadline?
3 Do you think the busier you are, the more accomplished your life will be?
1.2 Asking them to read the comprehension, and then explain the new words or phrases.
2. Practice
Ask the students to finish the exercise in language work to check their study of new words.
3. Discussion
Turn to P22 of oral activities to discuss the second one in groups.
重 点
tyranny of the urgent, evaluate, frustrate, priority, weariness, misgiving, be oppressed by, be involved in, confess to, crowd out, in the light of time’s perspective, push aside
难 点
coordinators and the classification of coordinators.
参考资料
综合英语教程（教师用书），何兆熊，2010，上海外语教育出版社。
牛津高阶英汉双解词典，李北达，牛津大学出版社。
作 业
Ex 2: language work, Ex 3: grammar work, Ex4: word formation,
Ex 5: vocabulary work, Ex 6: Translation
讲义
备注
I. Questions concerning the text study:
Qs : how does the author introduce the topic?
Qs: What is the problem priorities? When are people liable to frustration?
Qs: A man’s home is no longer his castle?
What does tyranny of the urgent mean?( the urgent things outweigh everything else.)
What does the author imply about eh impact of technological development on our time management?
Does the author suggest that we should neglect urgent things?
II. Text Analysis:
When do you find urgency crowds out of importance?
(health /wealth; family gathering/ work)
Para 1
A trail of : a stream of dust, smoke, people, vehicles, etc. behind something moving.
He went inside, leaving a trail of muddy footprints behind him.
Haunt : to be always in the thoughts of
The decision to leave her children now haunts her. Is there something that always haunts you?
Thirty years after the fire he is still haunted by the images of death and destruction.
Para2:
Exacting(of person of piece of work) demanding much care, effort and attention
Volunteers are needed for an exacting assignment.Is there anything or anybody that is exacting in your life?
Why do people wish for a thirty-hour day? How about you?
Does the author believe that this extra time will help people to ease the pressure?
Para3-5:
Dilemma: a situation in which one has to make a difficult choice between two courses of action, both perhaps equally undesirable.
The doctor’s dilemma was whether he should tell the patient the truth or not.
Have you ever been in a dilemma? Cite an example of dilemma.
Priority: something that needs attention, consideration, service, etc. before others.
Getting priorities in order is an effective way not to waste time on trivial or even meaningless pursuits. What is your priority in school?
Misgiving: a feeling of doubt, distrust, or fear , esp. about a future event
We had misgivings about …
The plan seemed utterly impractical and I was filled with misgiving about it.
Have you got some misgiving about your future?
Crowd out: keep out for lack of space
Pressure on study space has crowded out new students from many university libraries.
The article was crowded out of yesterday’s edition.
Maxim: a short saying that expresses a general truth or a rule for good and sensible behavior
Aesop’s fables illustrate moral maxims.
The Geese and the Cranes
The geese and the cranes were feeding in the same meadow, when a birdwatcher came to ensnare them in their nets. The cranes, being light of wing, fled away at his approach; while the geese, being slower of flight and heavier in their bodies, were captured.
Material life can be a burden sometimes.
Rebuke: to speak angrily to
Her mother rebuked her for frightening her brother.
He was rebuked for cheating.
Why do people often delay an important task?
Extra: Do you feel oppressed by endless tasks?
We have left undone those things, which ought to have done; and we have done those things which we ought not to have done.
Para6
Breach: to break a promise, agreement,etc.; to make an opening in a wall or fence
The breached the agreement they had made with their employer. The defenses were easily breached. Imperious: too commanding An~ wave of the hand; give an ~look Devour: to use all of something; to eat hungrily and in large quantities
Her job devours all her energy. The young cubs hungrily devoured the deer that the lion killed.
In the light of: of recent events, we are asking our customers to take particular care of their personal belongings.
III. Language study
Haunt vt. frequent hang around obsess torment
The old castle is said to be haunted.
Mr Thompson is going to sell it because it is haunted.
I was haunted by his last words to me.
haunt n.
the haunts of sb.'s schooldays
This pub used to be one of my uncle's favourite haunts.
Breach n. break falling-out gap quarrel
breach of discipline breach of the peace
breach of promise breach of prison
A trivial misunderstanding caused a breach between them.
vt. breach the line of encirclement breach an agreement
vi.
confess to a weakness
confess to having heard about it
The criminal confessed to the priest.
vt.
confess one's error
confess oneself (to be) guilty
confess a sin
confess allegiance to
confess the truth
The priest confessed the criminal.
confessor n. 坦白者； 忏悔者 （遭宗教迫害而）声明自己信仰的人 听忏悔的牧师［神父］
I confess (that)... [口]得承认， 这实在是...
confess and avoid
confess to 承认
Rebuke n. ：berate chide correct disapprove lecture reprimand reprove scold
反义词：praise
give [administer] a rebuke 谴责
vt. 成为对...指责 阻碍, 制止
rebuke him strongly for his negligence 严斥他的疏忽
His industry rebukes me. 他的勤劳使我感到惭傀。
-kable adj.
rebukeful adj. rebuker n.
rebukingly adv.
without rebuke
crowd n crowd throng swarm反义词：agelong
[the crowd]
a crowd of lookers –on
draw a large crowd
capacity crowd
a desk covered with a crowd of books and papers
He writes all his books for the crowd rather than for specialists.
vi. They crowded into my room.
vt. Swimmers crowded the beaches.
He crowded the debtor for payment.
crowder n.
crowding n. crowdion n. 挤子[列]
a crowd of
be crowded with
come crowding in follow the crowd
go with the crowd
in crowds
may pass in a crowd
might pass in a crowd
would pass in a crowd
crowd指“无秩序地聚集在一起的一大群人”, 如:
A crowd of people were waiting in front of the gate. 一大群人在门前等着。
throng指“蜂拥行进的人群”, 它不及crowd 口语化, 如:
throngs of celebrators at Times Square
swarm 指“一大群杂乱无章移动的人”, a swarm of sightseers 一大群观光者。
Momentary adj.
momentary joy
a momentary delay
Exact adj. 见accurate 近义词：accurate correct detailed precise 反义词：inexact
exact differential
the exact meaning of the word
exact instruments
an exact thinker
Exact vt.
exact payment of sb.
This work exacts the closest attention and care.
It is impracticable for some parents to exact obedience of their children.
exactable adj. exactness n. exacter,exactor n. 强征(捐税等)
be more exact
Evaluate vt. -ated, -ating 估价；评价
"The research project has only been under way for three months, so it's too early to evaluate its success."
Misgiving n.近义词：anxiety concern doubt qualm question skepticism suspicion uneasiness
full of misgiving(s)
have some misgivings
Appeal vi. (to) appeal for aid 请求援助
appeal for mercy [sympathy]
Haunt vt.
The old castle is said to be haunted.
Mr Thompson is going to sell it because it is haunted.
I was haunted by his last words to me.
haunt n. 常去的地方
the haunts of sb.'s schooldays
This pub used to be one of my uncle's favourite haunts.
frequent hang around obsess torment
Breach n.
breach of discipline 违反纪律 breach of the peace 破坏治安
breach of promise 不履行诺言,【律】毁弃婚约 breach of prison 越狱
A trivial misunderstanding caused a breach between them.
小小的误会引起了他们之间的不和。
vt. breach the line of encirclement
breach an agreement
Confess vi.（to） confess to a weakness
confess to having heard about it
The criminal confessed to the priest.
confess one's error confess oneself (to be) guilty
confess a sin confess allegiance to
confess the truth
The priest confessed the criminal.
confessor n.
I confess (that)...
confess and avoid
confess to admit 近义词：acknowledge admit consent 反义词：conceal
Rebuke n. give [administer] a rebuke 谴责
vt. 指责, 叱责, 非难 成为对...指责 阻碍, 制止
rebuke him strongly for his negligence
His industry rebukes me.
-kable adj.
rebukeful adj. 充满斥责的 rebuker n.
rebukingly adv.
without rebuke 无可非议的, 无可指责的
dilemma n.
dilemmatic adj.
be in a dilemma be on the horns of a dilemma
place sb. in a dilemma
put sb. in a dilemma
put sb. into a dilemma
appeal to arms [force]
诉诸武力 appeal to another court
appeal against a decision ] appeal from a judgement
不服裁判而上诉 Bright colours appeal to small children. 小孩喜欢鲜艳的颜色。
vt. appeal a case为某案提出上诉
n. court of appeal
artistic appeal
eye-catching appeal
The game has lost its appeal.
appealability n. 可上诉性 appealable adj. 可上诉的
appeal to 向...呼吁[请求] 投合...的心意; 引起...的兴趣 诉诸(武力) appeal to sb. For 为...向某人呼吁[请求] have appeal有吸引力, 引人入胜 lodge an appeal 提出上诉 lodge enter an appeal 提出上诉
make an appeal to sb.
snob appeal
IV. Proverbs
The lover of nature is he whose inward and outward senses are still truly adjusted to each other; who has retained the spirit of infancy even into the era of manhood.
热爱大自然的人内外感觉协调一致，即使进入成年后依然保持着童心。
－Ralph Waldo Emerson（美国思想家爱默生）
Write it on your heart that every day is the best of the year.
铭记在心：每一天都是一年中最好的日子。
－Ralph Waldo Emerson（美国思想家爱默生）
The first wealth is health.
健康是人生第一财富。
－Ralph Waldo Emerson （美国思想家爱默生）
Our destiny offers not the cup of despair, but the chalice of opportunity.
命运给予我们的不是失望之酒，而是机会之杯。
－Richard Nixon（美国总统尼克松）
All the splendor 1 in the world is not worth a good friend.
人世间所有的荣华富贵不如一个好朋友。
－Voltaire(法国思想家伏尔泰)
教学基本单元设计
授课章节
Unit 3
授课时间
年 月 日
教学目的
1. Functions: express the feature of Chinese food, westerner food.
2. Grammatical points: the appositives, some structures with “than”.
教学方法及手段
Listening, reading, speaking, discussing and practice, etc.
课堂教学设计（内容及过程）与小结
1. Reading comprehension and language activities.
1.1 Pre-reading Activities
Ask the students to discuss some questions related to the text:
Discuss the following questions:
1 How important is food to us Chinese?
2 What are the characteristic of Chinese food?
3 What’s the difference between Chinese food and westerner food?
1.2 Asking them to read the comprehension, and then explain the new words or phrases.
2. Practice
Ask the students to finish the exercise in language work to check their study of new words.
4. Discussion
Turn to P36 of oral activities to discuss the second one in groups.
重 点
be different to, attend to, a large number of , apparently, contribute to, a point of view, with regard to, come off, assert with, settle on, crucial, part and parcel, age-bound, at the root of, contrive sb to do sth, chop up
难 点
the appositives, some structures with “than”.
参考资料
综合英语教程（教师用书），何兆熊，2010，上海外语教育出版社。
牛津高阶英汉双解词典，李北达，牛津大学出版社。
作 业
Ex 2: language work, Ex 3: grammar work, Ex4: word formation,
Ex 5: vocabulary work, Ex 6: Translation
讲义
备注
I. Introduction:
Food : ten words related (salivary gland, shark fin, silkworm pupa;silkworm chrysalis , black beetle cockroach roach)
Favorite food
Western food or Chinese food
Where do you prefer to dine?
What do you prefer to dine with, chopsticks or forks?
antiseptic aseptic preservative
antibiotic antibiotics
Additive n.
pipeline operation
Western-style food
Chinese meal Sidewalk snack booth;large
II. Language study
--Lavish abundant ample extravagant free generous liberal plentiful prodigal
vt. lavish care and affection on one's children
lavish money upon one's pleasures
lavish praises on sb.
lavish adj.
lavish giftbe lavish of one's praise 称赞过分
lavisher n. lavishly adv. lavishment n. 浪费, 滥用 lavishness
lavish n.Proceed advance go ahead go forward progress
--Proceed 反义词：recede vi. （常与to连用）开始进行
As soon as he came in he proceeded to tell us all his troubles.
The interview procceded in a most friendly atmosphere.
As soon as he came in he proceeded to complain about all his troubles.
（常与with, to +inf 连用）继续进行
Tell us your name and then proceed with your story.
Let us proceed with our lesson.
After stopping to rest, they proceeded up the hill.
"'On this point', be proceeded, 'our attitude is clear.'
Do not proceed across a main road without first looking to the right and the left.
"没有向左右两边看清楚之前,不要横穿大马路。" （与against连用）起诉；控诉
I advise you not to proceed against him.
（常与from连用）
Miserable sobs were heard to proceed from the next room.
--Contrive conspire devise invent plan plot scheme
vi.
I can contrive without meat. 我没有肉也能凑合（吃这顿饭）。
He contrived to make the matter worse.
She found it difficult to contrive when prices of everything went up.
vt.
contrive treachery
He contrived a new machine for flying.
How could you contrive to make such a mess of things?
contrived adj.
contriver n.
--Fastidious choosy critical particular selective adj.
a fastidious taste in literature be fastidious about one's food
fastidiously adv.
fastidiousness n. Glutton n.
a glutton of books
glutton for work
gluttonize vt.
vi. 吃得过多 gluttonous adj.
gluttonously adv. gluttony n.
--Enterprise n.
embark in [upon] an enterprise
manage an enterprise
the criminal enterprise 罪恶冒险行为
a man of enterprise 有事业进取心的人 a spirit of enterprise 进取精神
undertake [take on] an enterprise 创办事业
enterpriseless adj. enterpriser n.
free enterprise 自由企业经济 私营企业
--Elusive adj.
elusively adv. elusiveness n.
--Indifferent 近义词：cool detached disinterested impartial impersonal neutral unbiased unconcerned反义词：concerned interested
adj. 不关心的; 冷淡的; 不感兴趣的 不重要的; 不积极的 平常的; 平凡的 相当差的; 质量不高的 无偏袒的; 中立的; 公平的
be indifferent to hardships and dangers 把困难和危险置之度外
an indifferent performance 水平不高的演出
remain indifferent in a dispute 在争论中保持中立
n. (对政治或宗教等) 冷淡的人 漠不关心的行为 indifferentism
n. (尤指对宗教的)冷淡主义; 旁观主义
indifferentist n.
冷淡主义者 indifferently adv.
--Assert vt. 近义词：affirm declare insist on pronounce state 宣称, 断言, 声明 维护, 坚持assert one's rights 维护自己的权利 assert sth. to be true断言某事是真实的
assert national independence 维护民族独立 assertable adj. asserted adj. asserter,assertor assert oneself 坚持自己的权利; 表现自己的权威
--Cuisine n. 厨房; 烹调法, 烹饪 菜肴
--Centipede n. 蜈蚣
Phenomenal adj.
phenomenalism n. (=pheno-menism)【哲】现象论
phenomenalist n. (=phenomenist)【哲】现象论者
phenomenally adv.
exceptional extraordinary marvelous miraculous remarkable
--braise vt. (=braize)炖, 焖, 蒸
braised adj. 炖熟的, 焖熟的, 用文火炖到全熟的
braiser n. 火[蒸] 锅
--derive itself from 由...而来,源出derive knowledge from books
derive a conclusion from facts. 从事实推出结论We derive knowledge from books. 我们从书本得到知识。
To derive by deduction;deduce. These English words derive from Greek. 这些英文字起源于希腊文。
offence of deceive someone so as to derive a financial benefit
欺骗某人以获得经济上好处的犯法行为
To derive(pleasure or comfort)from an experience.
These stories derive from his experiences during the Long March.
Unscrupulous use of one's position to derive profit or advantages;extortion. --smother up a scandal
smother a child with kisses smother chicken in sauce.
For prudence to smother, 慎重也不忍加以窒息；
We tried to smother our laughter.
To cause asphyxia in;smother. 使窒息使窒息；使透不过气
He had to smother a giggle.
The parents tried to smother up his son's crime.
It's better to smother the fire with the earth.
They tried to smother the flames with a damp blanket. --texture n.
coarse-grained texture
pearlitic texture the texture of the culture of the modern times 现代文化的特征
vt.
textureless adj. atoll texture 【地质】环形结构 buttery texture 似cellular texture 蜂窝状结构
III. Food names
Staple Food cooked rice bread toaststeamed bread (馒头) rolls (小圆面包，面包卷) piebun (小而圆的甜面包) loaf (大面包) pizza porridge(粥，麦片粥)
hamburger sandwich dumpling (汤团) noodlesfine dried noodles 挂面 hand-stretched noodles /ramen 拉面steamed dumplings 蒸饺 boiled dumplings 水饺 stuffed steamed bun包子
pot sticker 锅贴 dumplings in soup / wonton 馄饨 mini steamed dumplings 小笼包 glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo leaves 粽子
3. Meat pork beef muttonpork chop sausage roast duckturkey liver minced meat (肉末)ham steak meat filling (肉馅)bacon (腌猪肉) sliced meat (切成薄片的肉)
4. Seafoodfish lobster oyster freshwater fish shrimp crabjelly fish eel tuna fish
5. Vegetablescabbage spinach cauliflower eggplantlettuce celery tomato potatocarrot cucumber onion green pepperbeans peas bamboo shoots mushroomsquash bitter gourd苦瓜 winter melon冬瓜
spring roll 春卷 fermented bean curd 腐乳glass noodle 粉丝 rice vermicelli 米粉bean curd dessert 豆腐花 grass jelly 凉粉preserved egg / thousand-year-old egg 皮蛋 松花蛋egg crisp cake 萨其马 fried dough twist 麻花lotus seed 莲子 fried tangerine peel 陈皮lotus root 莲藕 taro root 芋star anise 八角茴香 hair vegetable 发菜coriander / Chinese parsley 芫荽/ 香菜bean sprouts豆芽 bean curd 豆腐bamboo shoots竹笋 cauliflower 花菜/ 花椰菜broccoli西兰花 Chinese mustard / leaf mustard 芥菜hairy gourd节瓜 silk gourd / loofahgourd 丝瓜 water spinach 空心菜 Chinese white cabbage白菜celery cabbage / Beijing cabbage 大白菜 / 黄芽白flowering Chinese cabbage / choisum 菜心Chinese broccoli 芥兰 turnip萝卜
教学基本单元设计
授课章节
Unit 4
授课时间
年 月 日
教学目的
1. Functions: express the traditional Chinese family and American family.
2. Grammatical points: the usage of “self/ reflexive pronouns” as object, double genitive
教学方法及手段
Listening, reading, speaking, discussing and practice, etc.
课堂教学设计（内容及过程）与小结
1. Reading comprehension and language activities.
1.1 Pre-reading Activities
Ask the students to discuss some questions related to the text:
Discuss the following questions:
1 What role does a wife usually play in a traditional Chinese family?
2 What role does an American wife usually play in her family?
3 Are there any similarities or differences between them?
4 Is there any change today in women’s status in China and around the world?
1.2 Asking them to read the comprehension, and then explain the new words or phrases.
2. Practice
Ask the students to finish the exercise in language work to check their study of new words.
3. Discussion
Turn to P49 of oral activities to discuss the first one in groups.
重 点
classification, it occurred to, if need be, keep track of, arrange for, tolerate, needless to say, see to it, symphathize…with, be sensitive to, in the mood for, assume, be faithful to, clutter up, adherence to, relate to, quit doing
难 点
the usage of “self/ reflexive pronouns” as object, double genitive
参考资料
综合英语教程（教师用书），何兆熊，2010，上海外语教育出版社。
牛津高阶英汉双解词典，李北达，牛津大学出版社。
作 业
Ex 2: language work, Ex 3: grammar work, Ex4: word formation,
Ex 5: vocabulary work, Ex 6: Translation
讲义
备注
I. Language study
Entail vt. (on, upon) entail great expense on sb.
The work entails precision.
Entailment n.
entail ... on sb.
entail ... upon sb.
Adhere vi. (to)
adhere to the original plan
adhere to 见stick syn.： cling
Replenish vt. (with)
replenish a glass with wine
replenish the earth
go for a country ramble
To ramble;digress
To wander about;ramble.
A circuitous journey or excursion;ramble.
We often go for a ramble in the park after supper.
The young man ramble on with an air of great consequence.
Occur vi. (事件等)发生 想起 出现; 存在; 被发现
if anything should occur, . 如果发生什么事情的话,It occurred to me that ... 我刚刚想到... occur to sb. 浮现在某人的脑海中; 被某人想到
bother n.
We had a lot of bother finding our way to his house. Don't get into such a bother about small matters.
Gardening takes more bother than it's worth.
Don't bother me while I am taking my nap.
The complexities of life bothered me.
Incidentally adv.
While going by;incidentally.
By the way;incidentally.
To refer to,especially incidentally.
by profession a lawyer and incidentally a musician.
By profession a lawyer and incidentally a musician.
Some people,and incidentally that includes Arthur,just won't look after themselves properly.
And,incidentally,it is a chronic complaint of wives that their husbands do not notice new dresses,new hats,and changes in household arrangements.
II. Idioms
eg-1: Even after a hard-fought campaign, history tells us that a new president can usually expect a honeymoon with congress for a few months before the real political fighting starts up again.
eg2: Shortly after her marriage, Sarah said she got along fine with her husband's son. But two weeks ago, she complained that the boy poured ink on her dress and last week he broke her car window with a stone. Well, I guess their honeymoon is over.
eg3: My regular office job is from nine to five. But I also moonlight selling tickets at the movie theater from six-thirty to nine-thirty because I want enough money to get a new car.
Dinks: double Income, no Kids.
eg-1: "Mary and I are dinks -- we both have good professional careers. Mary keeps her own maiden name for business reasons. And when I get home first, I cook dinner. We have this lovely house, but the mortgage payments are big enough that we can 't afford to have kids."
eg-2: "The last five years a lot of dinks have moved into our part of town. They're nice people, but I miss seeing all the young kids playing in the park the way it used to be in the old days."
上有老，下有小的yuppies：sandwich generation。
eg-3: "Older people tend to retire earlier and live longer these days. And if they don't have pensions big enough to live on, this means their children in the sandwich generation have to bear the financial burden longer."
eg-4: " Some people argue that a better national health care plan would help ease the financial burden of the sandwich generation because keeping older people healthy costs a lot more money."
III. Debate: Marrying a wealthy man or Having a successful career？
教学基本单元设计
授课章节
Unit 5
授课时间
年 月 日
教学目的
1. Functions: express the life of a typical workaholic like?
2. Grammatical points: the difference between present perfect and present perfect progressive.
教学方法及手段
Listening, reading, speaking, discussing and practice, etc.
课堂教学设计（内容及过程）与小结
1. Reading comprehension and language activities.
1.1 Pre-reading Activities
Ask the students to discuss some questions related to the text:
Discuss the following questions:
1 What do you think is the life of a typical workaholic like?
2 How important do you think work is to a person?
1.2 Asking them to read the comprehension, and then explain the new words or phrases.
2. Practice
Ask the students to finish the exercise in language work to check their study of new words.
3. Discussion
Turn to P64 of oral activities to discuss the first one in groups.
重 点
Obituary, acquaintance, workaholic, classic, conceivably, executive, on his day off, instead of, survive, be embarrassed, beloved, grab at, a couple of, straighten out, deceased, pick sb out, inquiry
难 点
the difference between present perfect and present perfect progressive.
参考资料
综合英语教程（教师用书），何兆熊，2010，上海外语教育出版社。
牛津高阶英汉双解词典，李北达，牛津大学出版社。
作 业
Ex 2: language work, Ex 3: grammar work, Ex4: word formation,
Ex 5: vocabulary work, Ex 6: Translation
讲义
备注
I. Introduction:
Are you likely to be a workaholic? What is a workaholic likely to do?(if)
Gallagher's Obituary
Gallagher opened the morning newspaper and was dumbfounded to read in the obituary column that he had died. He quickly phoned his best friend Finney. "Did you see the paper?" asked Gallagher. "They say I died!!"
"Yes, I saw it!" replied Finney. "Where are you callin' from?"
Positive Attributes.Which column most applies to you?
I
II
III
IV
adventurousambitiousautocraticcapablecompetitivecourageousdaringdecisivedemandingforcefulindependentoutspoken persuasiveresourcefulrulerself-assuredself-reliantb-willedtenacious
analyticalcalmcaringconsideratedeepdetailedeven-temperedhelpfulidealisticintuitiveloyalorganizedperfectionist persistentpsychicrespectfulself-sacrificingsensitiveunderstandingvisionary
adaptablebalancedcalmcontentconsistentdependablediplomaticfriendlyhelpfulinoffensivemediatorpatientpeaceful organizedreservedself-controlledshysteadfastsubmissivetolerant
amusinganimatedcheerfulconvincingdelightfuldemonstrativeentertainingextrovertgregariousimaginativelivelyoptimistic playfulpopularpositiverefreshingsociablespiritedspontaneoustalkative
Consider your weaknesses.Which column most applies to you?
I
II
III
IV
angryargumentativearrogantbossycolddomineeringfrankheadbimpatientimpulsiveintolerantmanipulativeproudrash short-temperedstubborntactlesstyrannicalunsympatheticworkaholic
criticaldepresseddetacheddifficultfussyhypochondriacalinsecureintrovertedlonermasochisticmoodynegativepessimistic resentfulscepticalself-absorbedsuspicioustouchyunforgivingwithdrawn
afraiddullhesitantindecisiveindifferentlazymonotonousnonchalantover-compromisingreluctantself-righteousshyslow sluggishstubborntimiduncreativeunenthusiasticunmotivatedworrier
carelesschangeabledilettantedisorganizedembroidering the truthexaggeratingflightyforgetfulhaphazardinconsistentinterrupts repetitiousrestlessscatterbrainedseeks the limelightshow-offsuperficialundisciplinedunpredictableunreliable
II. Language study
Survive vt. continue outlast outlive remain
survive all perils
He survived his wife for many years.
I hope l shall never survive my usefulness.
The house survived the storm. vi. Few survived after the flood.
The custom still survives.
Compete vi. rival 竞争（with， in） 比赛（in） 对抗（against， with）
compete with other countries for world market
compete in a race
compete with [against] sb. for sth.
The young tennis player has often competed against famous players, but so far he has always been beaten.
Board. [pl. ]舞台 board wages 工资以外的膳费
saw a board in half a bulletin board
a board of directors
on the boards
How much is bed and board? Vt.
board the floor 铺地板
board a ship 上船 They boarded him for＄40a week.
vi. I am boarding at a friend's house.
Workaholic: alcoholic -holic后缀，“对...上瘾，嗜好...成癖”，movie-holic（嗜好电影成癖的人），telehokic（看电视成癖的人）。例如：People call Mr.·Green workaholic He spends most of his time in the office, pays no attention to his wife and kids, and never goes on vacation with them.
Straighten vt. straighten your shoulders
straighten up your room
straighten one's face
vi. 改下; 好转(out, up) The bent strip can straighten up by itself. straighten out
straighten (oneselt) up
natural authentic characteristic genuine honest legitimate normal original pure real true typical artificial unnatural
adj. Milk is the natural food for young babies.
the natural mineral wealth of a country
a natural explanation for the strange event
It's natural to shake hands with sb. you've just met.
本来的；不做作的 A small child's behavior is usually natural.
natural gifts
a natural musician 天生的音乐家
It is natural for a cat to catch mice. John was adopted as a baby, he never knew his natural parents.
非婚生的
natural n. （常与for连用）classic adj.
modern classic writers
a classic ground
a classic case of pneumonia
classic races
the classic authority upon all questions of parliamentary reporting
n. the classics of Marxism-Leninism
the classics
football classic
Shakespeare is a classic.
His reply was a classic.
senior classic (英国剑桥大学荣誉学位考试中)古典语文成绩最好的学生
classic city（Boston）
senior classic
classic city [美]波士顿市（Boston）的别名
Taste n. the taste of pear the bitter taste of life
take a taste of cake
have a taste of tea
cultivate one's musical taste
a man of taste
Her house is furnished in excellent taste.
He has a taste for folk songs.
A sick man has not much taste for food.
a taste of cold steel
acquired taste
bad [nasty] taste in the mouth
give a taste of one's quality
give sb. a taste of
in good [excellent] taste
in bad [poor] taste
There's no accounting for tastes. (=Tastes differ.) 【谚】人各有所好
III. proverbs
Experience is not what happens to a man ; it is what a man does with what happens to him.
－Aldous Leonard Huxley (美国作家郝胥黎)
Adversity reveals genius; fortune conceals it. －Horace（古罗马诗人贺拉斯）
All for one, one for all. 人人为我,我为人人。 －Dumas pére(法国小说家大仲马)
Only those who have the patience to do simple things perfectly ever acquire the skill to do difficult things easily .
－Hiler（德国剧作家、诗人席勒 ）
教学基本单元设计
授课章节
Unit 6
授课时间
年 月 日
教学目的
1. Functions: express what kind of people are considered wise?
2. Grammatical points: the usage of “it” and adverbial clause of condition led by “if”.
教学方法及手段
Listening, reading, speaking, discussing and practice, etc.
课堂教学设计（内容及过程）与小结
1. Reading comprehension and language activities.
1.1 Pre-reading Activities
Ask the students to discuss some questions related to the text:
Discuss the following questions:
1 What kind of people are considered wise? Cite some examples.
2 What are the elements that constitute wisdom?
3 How can you become wise?
4 Do you think what your are doing in college contributes to wisdom?
1.2 Asking them to read the comprehension, and then explain the new words or phrases.
2. Practice
Ask the students to finish the exercise in language work to check their study of new words.
3. Discussion
Turn to P79 of oral activities to discuss the second one in groups.
重 点
Contribute to, the capacity to, a sense of proportion, be engaged in, be likely to, instill, enmity, falsehood, prejudice, emancipation, inculcate
难 点
the difference between present perfect and present perfect progressive.
参考资料
综合英语教程（教师用书），何兆熊，2010，上海外语教育出版社。
牛津高阶英汉双解词典，李北达，牛津大学出版社。
作 业
Ex 2: language work, Ex 3: grammar work, Ex4: word formation,
Ex 5: vocabulary work, Ex 6: Translation
讲义
备注
I. Language Study
worldly wisdom
wisdom tooth
superhuman wisdom penetrative wisdom
great wisdom
conventional wisdom That's good wisdom which is wisdom in the end.
nuggets of wisdom 至理名言;金言(集)
fountain of wisdom
the distillate of wisdom
Egoism altruism ego n.
Impartial adj. Impartiality n. impartially adv. fair n.[pl.]
the proportion of births to the population
in perfect proportion
do a sum in [by] proportion
of fine proportions
sense of proportion
vt. proportion the expenses to the receipts Proportioned adj. proportionless adj. proportionment n.
in proportion in proportion as [to] in (direct) proportion to
Contribute vi. contribute to the Red Cross
contribute to a literary journal
Drink contributed to his ruin.
She seldom contributes to the discussion.
vt. The Song Dynasty contributed three great inventions to world civilization.
He contributed an article to the China Daily.
They contributed food and clothing for the refugees.
donate give participate provide
Emancipation n. the emancipation of all mankind
E-Proclamation [美]【史】奴隶解放宣言 emancipationist n.
Confer vt. (conferred; conferring)
confer a medal [title] on [upon] sb.
vi. confer with sb. on [about] sth.
conferment n.
conferrable adj. conferrer n. 授与人 见give consult discuss talk over
cease vi., vt. 结束, 停息, 终止 cease to rain [raining] 雨停
The great man ceased to think.
My joy shall never cease. C-fire!
n. [通常只与 without 搭配] 停止, 终止 They worked on without cease. 他们不停地工作下去。cease-fire n.
ceasing n.
cease out
cease to be
cease to be in force
cease to be in effect 见stop discontinue end halt quit stop 反义词：begin
Due adj.
(to) after due discussion due reward
due course of application a mistake due to carelessness
When is the train due at Shanghai?
The plane is due at London at five.
When is my salary due? This note will fall [become] due.
Respect is due to teachers.
adv.(罗盘指针、方向等)正(南、北等)drive due east [west]向正东[西]方行驶
n.[pl. ]应付款; 应付费用(如税、手续费、会费等)
due bill
fall due 到期, 满期 become due
for a full due
give the devil his due
due from
due to
surpass vt.
The task surpassed his skill.
The latecomers surpass the early starters.
The result surpassed their hopes.
surpassable adj. surpasser n. appall exceed excel go beyond
II. proverbs
The child is father of (or to) the man. No wisdom like silence.
No man (or one) is wise at all times.
None but a wise man can employ leisure well.
Penny wise and pound foolish.
Still waters run deep.
Take a pain for a pleasure all wise men can. That's good wisdom which is wisdom in the end.
The more a man knows, the more he see his ignorance. The more noble, the more humble.
The three foundations of learning: seeing much, suffering much, and studying much.
Those who eat most are not always fattest; those who read most, not always wisest.
Those who live in glass houses should not throw stones.
A wise man cares not for what he cannot have. A wise man changes his mind, a fool never will. A wise man needs not blush for changing his purpose. A wise man thinks all that he says, a fool says all that he thinks.
Better wit than wealth. Cats hide their paws.
Circumstances are therulers of the weak, instrument of the wise.
Fools rush in where angels fear to tread.
Fools will be meddling.
He is unworthy to live who lives only for himself. He is wise that hath wit enough for his own affairs. He is wise that is honest. He is wise that knows when he's well enough. Knowledge is long, life is short. 吾生有涯，而知无涯。 Knowledge is of two kinds, we know a subject ourselves, or we know where we can find information upon it. Knowledge is power. Knowledge is the antidote to fear. Knowledge is the most precious treasure of all things, because it can never be given away, nor stolen nor consumed. Knowledge makes humble; ignorance makes proud. Knowledge will not be aquired without pain and application. Knowledge without practice makes but half an artist.
Know something like the palm of one's hand.
Know something of everything and everything of something. Know thyself.
Never too old (or late) to learn.
Never embark on what comes after without having mastered what goes before.
" Adversity makes a man wise, not rich." - Romanian Proverb
教学基本单元设计
授课章节
Unit 7
授课时间
年 月 日
教学目的
1. Functions: express do you believe love can be fostered?
2. Grammatical points: Fronting, partial negative sentences
教学方法及手段
Listening, reading, speaking, discussing and practice, etc.
课堂教学设计（内容及过程）与小结
1. Reading comprehension and language activities.
1.1 Pre-reading Activities
Ask the students to discuss some questions related to the text:
Discuss the following questions:
1 Do you believe love can be fostered?
2 How can you lure one into love with you?
3 What is likely to happen when a couple no longer love each other?
1.2 Asking them to read the comprehension, and then explain the new words or phrases.
2. Practice
Ask the students to finish the exercise in language work to check their study of new words.
3. Discussion
Turn to P94 of oral activities to discuss the first one in groups.
重 点
make your acquaintance, deal in, laxatives, reach for, save up for sth, confidential, bountifully, substitute, in a rapture, in a draught, overwhelmed, fervently, better off
难 点
Fronting, partial negative sentences
参考资料
综合英语教程（教师用书），何兆熊，2010，上海外语教育出版社。
牛津高阶英汉双解词典，李北达，牛津大学出版社。
作 业
Ex 2: language work, Ex 3: grammar work, Ex4: word formation,
Ex 5: vocabulary work, Ex 6: Translation
讲义
备注
I. Language study
Oblige vt.
Circumstances oblige me to do that.
I am sorry I cannot oblige you.
Please oblige me with your presence.
Will any gentleman oblige the lady?
We are much obliged to you for your help.
Could you oblige me with ten yuan?
Much obliged! [口]谢谢!
be obliged to sb.
be obliged to do sth.
oblige (sb.) with 给...
apprehensive adj.
apprehensive for sb.'s safety 近义词：afraid agitated anxious concerned fearful troubled uneasy worried
acquaintance n.
a speaking acquaintance
I have no acquaintance with this book.
I have some acquaintance with English, but I do not know it well.
He has a large circle of acquaintances.
a passing acquaintance with
drop [cut] sb.'s acquaintance (=cut an acquaintance with sb.)
have a nodding acquaintance with sb.
have a bowing acquaintance with sb.
have no acquaintance with
make the acquaintance of sb.
make sb.'s acquaintance
pick acquaintance with
acquaint vt. (with)
be directly acquainted with
Let me acquaint you with the facts.
My mother acquainted her with my intention.
I am already acquainted with him.
You must acquaint yourself with your new duties.
过去分词acquainted已经失去动作意义, 相当于一个形容词。例如: “我是去年认识他的。”不能译作: I acquainted him last year. 或 I was acquainted with him last year. 第一句是语态错误, 第二句混淆了“状态”和“动作”, 只能译成: I got [became] acquainted with him last year. 或 I made his acquaintance last year.
acquaint oneself with
acquaint sb. With
acquaint sb. Of
be [get] acquainted with
perceive perceive by the nose
To perceive differences.
To understand;perceive.
To perceive with the eye.
To perceive incorrectly;misunderstand.
The ability to feel or perceive.
Having the ability to so perceive.
Did you perceive anyone come in?
Can't you perceive this obvious truth?
To perceive in terms of past experiences.
Overwhelm vt.
be overwhelmed by grief
The boat was overwhelmed by the waves.
Your kindness quite overwhelms me.
amaze astonish astound bewilder conquer crush defeat dumbfound flabbergast overcome startle surmount surprise vanquish
detach vt. （常与from连用）
assign delegate disconnect draft separate unfasten反义attach
peer vi.(at, into) peer at the traffic lights
peer into the distance She peered at the tag to read the price. The sun was peering through the clouds. 太阳从云中隐约出现。 见look
peep (in into out at)
rapture n.
listen with rapture
greet sb. with raptures of delight 欣喜若狂地欢迎某人
be in [go into] raptures over [about]对... 狂喜, 对... 欢天喜地 fall [go] into raptures over
见ecstasy
creak y n. with a creak 吱嘎一声(开门)vi.
adj.reakily adv.
Conceive vt. conceive a hatred 怀恨 conceive prejudices 抱偏见conceive a child
Scientists first conceived the idea of atomic bomb in the 1930s.
vi. （of）conceiver n.
indulge vt. indulge oneself in eating and drinking 纵情于吃喝 He indulges his children too much.
vi. indulge in tobacco
Will you indulge? [俚]喝一杯吧?indulge in 沉溺于; 纵情享受; 饱享
Confidential adj. confidential clerk confidential files
confidential information
strictly confidential
no longer confidential
on confidential terms with sb.
Don't become too confidential with strangers.
II. Discussion:
What is love?
LOVE IS A PHYSICAL FORCE (ELECTROMAGNETIC, GRAVITATIONAL. ETC.) I could feel the electricity between us. There were sparks. I was magnetically drawn to her. They are uncontrollably attracted to each other. They gravitated to each other immediately. His whole life revolves around her. The atmosphere around them is always charged.There is incredible energy in their relationship.
LOVE IS A PATIENT This is a sick relationship. They have a strong, healthy marriage. The marriage is dead--it can't be revived. Their marriage is on the mend. We are getting back on our feet. Their relationship is in really good shape. Their marriage is on its last legs.It's a tired affair. They will kill their love in this way They need marital therapy
LOVE IS MAGIC She cast her spell over me. The magic is gone. I was spellbound. She had me hypnotized. He has me in a trance. I was entranced by him. I'm charmed by her. She is bewitching.
LOVE IS MADNESS I'm crazy about her. She drives me out of my mind. He constantly raves about her. He's gone mad over her. I'm just wild. I'm insane about her.
LOVE IS WAR He is known for his many rapid conquests. She fought for him, but his mistress won out. He fled from her advances. She pursued him relentlessly. He is slowly gaining ground with her. He won her hand in marriage. He overpowered her. She is besieged by suitors. He enlisted the aid of her friends. He made an ally of her mother.
LOVE IS A COLLABORATIVE WORK OF ART. Love is work (psychoanalysis is work; working through is the main feature of psychoanalytic process1; analytic work; working alliance); Love is active (the Ferenczian position about healing that psychoanalysis has recently revalued); Love requires cooperation (working alliance, therapeutic alliance);Love requires dedication (analytic motivation, motivation sought in the candidate, secondary processes; capacity to delay satisfaction);Love requires compromise (analytic resolution of conflicts);
教学基本单元设计
授课章节
Unit 8
授课时间
年 月 日
教学目的
1. Functions: express how important is fun in your life?
2. Grammatical points: the usage of conjunctions.
教学方法及手段
Listening, reading, speaking, discussing and practice, etc.
课堂教学设计（内容及过程）与小结
1. Reading comprehension and language activities.
1.1 Pre-reading Activities
Ask the students to discuss some questions related to the text:
Discuss the following questions:
① How important is fun in your life?
② What is the greatest fun in your life?
1.2 Asking them to read the comprehension, and then explain the new words or phrases.
2. Practice
Ask the students to finish the exercise in language work to check their study of new words.
3. Discussion
Turn to P117 of oral activities to discuss the first one in groups.
重 点
for your asking, puritan, overshadowed, fetish, flunk, traipse, put a damper on, reverently, mirth, get weary, scan, step up
难 点
the usage of conjunctions
参考资料
综合英语教程（教师用书），何兆熊，2010，上海外语教育出版社。
牛津高阶英汉双解词典，李北达，牛津大学出版社。
作 业
Ex 2: language work, Ex 3: grammar work, Ex4: word formation,
Ex 5: vocabulary work, Ex 6: Translation
讲义
备注
I. language study:
Reverent adj.
reverent behavior
Deserve vt.
deserve attention [sympathy]
deserve to be rewarded [punished]
If you do wrong, you deserve punishment.
vi. 应受赏[罚] He has deserved well of his country.
deserve ill of
deserve well of
deserve better of
rightly deserve
近义词：earn merit
Stick n. 柴枝，小树枝 We made the fire out of dry sticks.
The old man walked leaning on a stick.
cocktail stick (pl)
get the wrong end of the stick
vt.stuck, sticking（常与in, into, through连用）
to stick a fork into a potato
I stuck a needle into the cloth. 我把一根针扎进布里。 （与in, into, on连用）粘住；贴住I stuck a stamp on the letter. 附着；固着
The wheels of the car stuck in the mud and we could not go on.
Stick the chair in the corner.
忍受，容忍（与at连用）继续努力做
stick in one's throat难以接受；难以启齿
Generous adj.
a generous gift
a generous helping of meat and vegetable generous harvest
generous field
generous colour
generous wine
He is generous with his money.
ample bighearted giving kind large liberal openhanded plentiful unselfish 反义词：hard harsh mean severe stingy strict ungenerousinsurance n. (=[英]assurance)
labour insurance
an insurance company
insurance policy
＄2000 insurance
His insurance is ＄300 a year.
A balanced diet is an insurance against malnutrition.
Adj
provide insurance against
accident insurance
accident death insurance
accounts receivable insurance应收帐款保险additional insurance
workmen's compensation insurance 劳工保险insurance for medical care
Beneficial adj. 有利[益]的(to); 【律】可享受利益的, 有收入权益的beneficial birds [insects] 益鸟[虫]
a beneficial association 互助组合
be beneficial to
Sunshine is beneficial to plants. n.
There is much damp here. 这里太湿。Their mother's illness cast a damp over the Christmas holidays.
damp vt. (down), Nothing could damp my spirits. 没You'd better damp (down) the fire before leaving.你最好damp vi.
Don't give those flowers too much water, they will damp off.
damp adj. dampsquib
Don't wear damp clothes.
cast a damp over
throw a damp over
strike a damp over
something damp
damp down
damp off
II. Idioms
Human Body and English Idioms
1. Head
The head is thought to be the most important part of the human body. So a leader is often compared to a head (首脑). Thus we have Head of State or the head of a delegation.
The head is where the brain is located. It is naturally associated with ideas and intelligence. Very often, we need other people's ideas and opinions when we want to do something well. The is because two heads are better than one (三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮).
2. Eye
The eyes are extremely precious to us. That is why we say" Mind your eye (当心)! when we reminding someone to be careful.
Not only human beings and animals have eyes, many things also have" eyes"- the eyes of a ship, the eye of a needle, the eye of a typhoon, and so on.
3. Ear
The ear is the organ of hearing. A piece of light music is easy on the ear. (悦耳动听). We are usually all ears (专心聆听) for bit news.
When they think somebody is overhearing, English people use either of the two proverbs: Walls have ears (隔墙有耳) and Pitchers have ears (壶罐有耳). They also think that little pitchers have big ears（小孩子耳朵尖）. Nice boys and girls respect other people. They will not secretly listen to others' private conversations.
4. Nose
The English phrase "face to face (面对面)" and its Chinese counterpart（对应） are exactly the same. But English people, to express the same idea, can say nose to nose instead. There is no such substitute in Chinese.
The word nose appears in many idioms. Here are two which are quite similar to their Chinese equivalents: lead somebody by the nose (牵着某人的鼻子走) and turn up one's nose at somebody or something (对某人或某物嗤之一鼻）.
English people can say as plain as the nose in one's face (一清二楚) to mean "very obvious".
5. Lip
We have two lips: the upper lip and the lower lip. If one's two lips are closed, one cannot speak. So it goes without saying that "don't open your lips (不要开口)" means " don't speak".
His lips are sealed. Are his lips really stuck together by wax or glue? No, his lips are sealed when asked about something that he must keep secret. Sometimes a top secret is betrayed because it has escaped someone's lips (脱口而出). Then the incident may become a piece of news that is on everybody's lips (众口相传).
6. Tongue
We all know we cannot speak without the tongue. So the tongue is closely related to speech. To hold one's tongue (保持沉默) means "to keep silent". A person who has too much tongue (太多嘴) is disliked by all, for he is too talkative. Mother tongue is not the tongue of a mother: it is a person's native language.
"Don't you have a moth below your nose (你鼻子底下不是有张嘴吗)?" The Chinese say so to blame a person who did not say what he should have said. But this not the right way to express the idea in English. English people would say, "You have a tongue in your head, haven't you?"
7. Face
Face has to do with the idea of respect and dignity both in Chinese and English. You lose your face (丢面子) if you fail again and again, but a decisive victory will save your face (挽回面子) after all your failures.
When you feel unhappy, you pull a long face (拉长脸). The idea is conveyed in Chinese in the same way. But "about face (向后转)" does not refer to the face. It is a military order to turn round and face in the opposite direction. It is the exact equivalent of " about turn".
8. Shoulder
The shoulders can bear heavy things. Your father has a great responsibility for the family on his shoulder. When faced with difficulty, the family should stand shoulder to shoulder (肩并肩) to overcome it. You should not turn a cold shoulder (不理睬) to your family members. Nor should you give your friends the cold shoulder (冷落朋友). Both expressions mean treating others coldly.
9. Back
A good host is hospitable to his guests. But, if guest is tiresome, the host is glad to see his back (他离开).
If your friend has done something really well, you may give him a pat on the back (轻轻拍背部) to show your appreciation.
If you turn your back on somebody (不理睬他人), you mean you do not like making friends with that person.
10. Heart
The heart is an extremely important organ inside the chest. It usually stands for something important or the centre of something, for example, the heart of the matter (问题的核心) or the heart of mystery.
Many other expressions make use of the word heart. A lover can be called a sweet heart (情人). The Purple Heart (紫心徽章) is a medal given as an honor to American soldiers wounded in battle.
If your friend is in trouble, you may encourage him by saying "Don't lose heart (不要灰心)."
11. Stomach
The stomach is naturally related to one's appetite. If you dislike heavy food, you have no stomach for it (反胃). The word is also related to one's interests or likings. If you find something boring or vulgar, you have no stomach for it, either. Bad food turns your stomach. Similarly, your stomach turns at a bad joke.
Stomach can also be a verb. Look at this example: "How could you stomach (忍受) such rude words?" Apparently, stomach here can be replaced by "tolerate".
12. Arm
Every person has two arms: the right arm and the left arm. The right arm is usually stronger, so we call a good helper the right arm (得力助手).
We all know an arm is not very long. But when you keep someone at arm's length (保持距离), the distance is long enough. For that means you don not like that person and you try your best to avoid him or her. We should indeed keep the bad friends at arm's length.
13. Hand
Quite a number of phrases formed form the word hand are very similar to their Chinese counterparts. Here are some obvious examples: a fresh hand (新手), short of hands (人手短缺), hand in hand (手拉手) and wash one's hands of something (洗手不干了). But do not always take this for granted. Study these examples and you will understand.
He lives from hand to mouth (He has just enough money to live on). We gave them a big hand (We gave them lots of applause).
14. Finger
How many fingers does each of your hands have? Now let's name them in English from the smallest: the little finger, the ring finger, the middle finger, the index finger and thumb.
Each finger has its own part to play. If your fingers are all thumbs (笨拙), that is too bad. That means you are very clumsy.
15. Thumb
Chinese people turn up their thumbs to express appreciation. English people do so to express not only appreciation but also approval. Chinese people never turn their thumbs down to mean anything. But English people do. They do so to show depreciation disapproval. Thus in English you can say, "We turn thumbs up (赞成) to Jack's suggestion but they turn thumbs down (不赞成) to it."
Similarly, you can warmly praise someone by saying "Thumbs up (真棒)!" and show your dissatisfaction by saying "Thumbs down (差劲)!"
16. Nail
If you see two of your classmates fighting tooth and nail (又抓又咬), you must stop them at once. Otherwise, at least one of them would be hurt.
Nail also means a thin pointed piece of metal for hammering into something. But it is related to the body in this sentence: "Peter is as hard as nails (结实的象铁打的)." We all hope that we are as strong and healthy as he is.
Then if I say you have hit the nail on the head (中肯，一针见血), I don not mean that you have done something cruel. I mean that you have said exactly the right thing.
17. Leg
The word leg appears in many colloquial expressions. At a party, when you feel like dancing, you can say to a good friend of yours, "Let's shake a leg." Obviously, it means " Let's dance." When you want your fiend to hurry, you can also "shake a leg". In American English it means "hurry".
The arms and legs are very important to us. Therefore when asked why you are not going to buy something expensive, you may answer, "It costs an arm and a leg!" You mean that it is really expensive. If you pull one's leg, it means you make fun of someone.
18. Toe
To convey the idea "from head to foot", English people san say from top to toe. But Chinese people don't.
Some people turn their toes out (八字脚) when they walk. Some turn their toes in.
When faced with danger, we must be alert and ready for action, that is to say, we must be on our toes (保持警惕).
19. Skin
Human beings have skin. So have animals and plants. The skin can be think or thin. A think-skinned person, or a person who has a thin skin, is easily upset or offended while a thick-skinned person, or a person who has a think skin, is quite the contrary. Both expressions are sometimes derogatory (贬义). That is to say, sometimes the former refers to a person who is too sensitive; the latter a person who has little sense of shame.
教学基本单元设计
授课章节
Unit 9
授课时间
年 月 日
教学目的
1. Functions: express how to become a better student?
2. Grammatical points: non-predicate verbs
教学方法及手段
Listening, reading, speaking, discussing and practice, etc.
课堂教学设计（内容及过程）与小结
1. Reading comprehension and language activities.
1.1 Pre-reading Activities
Ask the students to discuss some questions related to the text:
Discuss the following questions:
1 As a student, what is your expectation of teachers?
2 Do you expect them to be omniscient and omnipotent, or as human as you are?
③ What do you think are the personality traits of a fine student?
1.2 Asking them to read the comprehension, and then explain the new words or phrases.
2. Practice
Ask the students to finish the exercise in language work to check their study of new words.
3. Discussion
Turn to P133 of oral activities to discuss the second one in groups.
重 点
enthusiastic, reliable, partake, curiosity, discipline, subtlet, approach to, stigma, precedence, take their own initiative, proportional to, pitfall, complacency, live up to, demon, livelihood, scathing, pertinent
难 点
non-predicate verbs
参考资料
综合英语教程（教师用书），何兆熊，2010，上海外语教育出版社。
牛津高阶英汉双解词典，李北达，牛津大学出版社。
作 业
Ex 2: language work, Ex 3: grammar work, Ex4: word formation,
Ex 5: vocabulary work, Ex 6: Translation
讲义
备注
I. Introduction:
The more that I think about it, the more I believe that I mostly educated myself, and learned about myself through interactions with others. School really didn’t teach me book knowledge, but I learned who I am by attending.
Good students have a very positive attitude to their studies and their whole lives. It may be because they come from a family background where hard work and high standards are a part of the family culture. It may be because they come from a disadvantaged background and they have the wisdom to understand that only by hard work and consistent effort can they improve their own lives. In Class: on-time and well prepared have books and equipment with them； ineffective unorganized borrow a pencil or try to share a friend's book；sit near the front of the class and in the middle sit upright mean to be there relaxed alert. Sitting upright enables you to breathe properly and get the oxygen that your brain needs to work properly. Slouching is 100% guaranteed to slow down your thinking and understanding. Work fast and think fast. They make a real effort to understand new work in the light of their previous learning；Naturally, the best students are those who are attentive.
Firstly, they pre-read. This gives them a good idea of what the passage or whatever is all about. They then have a rough outline which they can fill in in a second or subsequent reading. This pre-reading is very fast and is only intended to get the big idea.
Secondly, they sit up straight and comfortably and have respect for what they are reading. It's an activity, so they are active.
Thirdly, they read fast. They don't focus on single words and try to understand a sentence by integrating each word one after another. Instead, they focus on groups of words and integrate meanings. Reading faster is much less tiring on the eyes and on the brain.
Fourthly, they use a pencil as a guide and move the pencil along the line they are reading. The pencil is moved as rapidly as possible along each line and then down to the next line and so on. The pencil helps not only to guide the eye, but also to identify the key words in each phrase or sentence. This helps your brain solidify the key concepts and remember them.
Fifthly, they use that self-same pencil to jot down notes. They may make notes in the margin of the book or on a separate piece of paper in a notebook or file. They make the notes in the form of key words. They don't copy down passages verbatim - that's a complete waste of time (unless it's a quotation or a definition).
II. language study:
Pertinent remarks not pertinent to the subject under discussion
prior adj. have a prior engagement
prior claims
This task is prior to all others.
adv. (to) It happened prior to my arrival. What did you do prior to coming here?
Stigma n. (pl. stigmata[stigmatE], stigmas)
a stigma of degeneracy
No stigma attaches to [rests on] the girl.
precedence n. （事情发生的）
in order of precedence
National defense must take precedence over all other questions.
Injurious adj.
a climate injurious to health
injurious words
strain n.
a hybrid strain
in the same strain
talk in a lofty strain
the strains of an organ
The Irish strain in him makes him like jokes.
He has a strain of melancholy in him.
strain n. -pies
Physical therapy alternates with chemical.
discipline n.
The soldiers showed perfect discipline under the fire of the enemy.
vt. -plined, -plining
Students must learn to discipline themselves.
She under no circumstances disciplines her children and they are uncontrollable.
chastise condition correct drill exercise groom penalize practice prepare punish train
proportional The pay will be proportional to the amount of time put in.
restrictive adj. restrictive practices in industry
relinquish vt. relinquish a claim
relinquish bad habits
The small dog relinquished his bone to the big dog.
abandon forego give up release sacrifice surrender waive yield
initiate initiate a reform
initiate pupils into the principles of grammar
initiative initiative spirit
initiative genius
n. peace initiative
individual initiative
subjective initiative
win initiative
take the initiative in making acquaintances
He helped me on his own initiative.
Partake vi.
partake of most of the activities
partake in each other's joys and sorrows 同甘共苦Will you partake of our simple meal? vt.
partake a meal with sb.
partake one's meal
They partook (of) our triumph.
Rigid adj. a rigid support for a tent
rigid in one's veiws
rigid metal girder
rigid discipline
rigid adherence to rules
a rigid body
rigid control of chemical composition and processing methods
Demon
a regular demon
a demon for work
Mundane mundane affairs
Embody Words embody thoughts and feelings.
This book -dies the works of many young writers.
The latest locomotives embody many new features.
The Ministry of National Defence has recently -died the troops in army corps.
comprise contain cover embrace include incorporate take in
acquisition real estate acquisition
knowledge acquisition language acquisition
He is a valuable acquisition to the team.
live up to 真正做到，生活得无愧于
We will live up to what our parents expect of us.
Did the TV play live up to your expectations?
badger vt.
The children badgered me into taking them to the seaside.
annoy bait bother harass pester question tease torment
III. proverbs:Eternal truths will be neither true nor eternal unless they have freshmeaning for every new social situation . (Franklin Roosevelt , Americanpresident )(美国总统 罗斯福 . F.)Histories make men wise ; poems witty; the mathematics subtle; naturalphilosophy deep ; moral grave ; logic and rhetoric able to contend .(Francis Bacon , British philosopher )( 英国哲学家 培根. F.)If you don't learn to think when you are young , you may never learn.(Thomas Edison , American inventor )(美国发明家 爱迪生 . T.)Natural abilities are like natural plants that need pruning by study.(Francis Bacon , British philosopher )(英国哲学家 培根 . F.)
The man who does not read good books has no advantage over the man who can't read them.
-- Mark Twain (1835-1910) US writer
——美国作家马克-吐温
And gladly would learn , and gladly teach .( Chaucer , British poet)(英国诗人, 乔叟)Better be unborn than untaught , for ignorance is the root of misfortune.(Plato , Ancient Greek philosopher)(古希腊哲学家 柏拉图)Genius17 without education is like silver in the mine. (Benjamin Franklin, American president )(美国总统 富兰克. B.)The roots of education are bitter , but the fruit is sweet .(Aristotle ,Ancient Greek philosopher )( 古希腊哲学家 亚里士多德)
教学基本单元设计
授课章节
Unit 10
授课时间
年 月 日
教学目的
1. Functions: express how different is your father and your mother when they educate you?
2. Grammatical points: the usage of preposition “to”
教学方法及手段
Listening, reading, speaking, discussing and practice, etc.
课堂教学设计（内容及过程）与小结
1. Reading comprehension and language activities.
1.1 Pre-reading Activities
Ask the students to discuss some questions related to the text:
Discuss the following questions:
① Have you ever tried to write a poem?
② How different is your father from your mother in their methods when they try to give you proper education?
1.2 Asking them to read the comprehension, and then explain the new words or phrases.
2. Practice
Ask the students to finish the exercise in language work to check their study of new words.
3. Discussion
Turn to P151 of oral activities to discuss the first one in groups.
重 点
tycoon, proud-bursting, stammer, glow, flourish, exuberant, suspense, exquisite, oath, rant, highball, verdict, soothing, vernacular, counseled
难 点
the usage of preposition “to”
参考资料
综合英语教程（教师用书），何兆熊，2010，上海外语教育出版社。
牛津高阶英汉双解词典，李北达，牛津大学出版社。
作 业
Ex 2: language work, Ex 3: grammar work, Ex4: word formation,
Ex 5: vocabulary work, Ex 6: Translation
讲义
备注
I. Structural analysis of Text I
In order to highlight the image of the father, the author purposely deviates from the theme in the middle and describes the father’s indignation toward the haughty actress. This event reflects the father’s personality, he is a person strict in his work and with his company men, and he is rigid and rigorous in his manner.
Ⅱ. Comprehension questions of Text I
· Why was his mother’s attitude to Budd’s poem positive and affirmative?
· What do you think his father’s attitude to his poem would be?
· What was his father’s response to Budd’s poem? How was that different from his mother’s?
· What kind of man was his father?
· Can you describe the mother’s love?
· How is the father’s love?
· Which kind of love is important to the children’s growth, the mother’s or the father’s?
· How does your mother show her love to you?
· How about your father? Is he as strict as the father we learnt in the text? How do you feel about this kind of love?
Ⅲ. Language points of Text I
1. prime mover: a person or thing that has great influence in the development of something important
2. exuberant: 1)of people and their behavior overflowing with life and cheerful excitement
e.g. His paintings were full of exuberant color．
2) (of plants) growing strongly and plentifully
e.g. the exuberant growth of a tropical rain forest
1. My mother was one of the those who established various intellectual projects and had great influence in the development of those projects, which aimed to develop culture in the seemingly prosperous Hollywood community.
2. You didn’t really write this beautiful, beautiful poem!
This is a negative sentence in form but expressed in an exclamatory mood to convey affirmation and praise.
5. nothing short of (used to add force to a statement) nothing less than; as good as (除去，除非（否则）)
e.g. The closure of the factory will be nothing short of a disaster for the people in the area.
Nothing short of a disaster will prevent our accomplishing this.
Short of what is dishonorable, I will do anything to help you.
There were threats everything short of war from the USA.
6. glow
1)to give out heat and／or soft heat without flames or smoke
e.g. The iron bar was heated until it glowed．
