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Khanittha Charoenlarp1* and Tanapong Duangmanee2
1*Textile Chemical Engineering Division, Rajamangala
University of Technology Krungthep 2 Mae Fah Luang Foundation Under Royal Patronge
Efficiency of Wastewater Treatment Using
a Combination System of Plantbed Filter
and Aerators from Doi Tung Development Project.
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Doi Tung Development Project : Mae Fah Luang Foundation Under Royal Patronage
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Doi Tung Development Project : Mae Fah Luang Foundation Under Royal Patronage
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Existing system
Wastewater pond
Industrial wastewater sources (20-30 m3/day)
Constructed wetland
Macadamia charcoal filter
Anaerobic pond
Wastewater pretreatment rail
Treated water pond
BOD = 370 mg/L
COD = 620 mg/L
BOD = 265 mg/L
COD = 470 mg/L BOD = 130 mg/L
COD = 290 mg/L
BOD = 13 mg/L
COD = 100 mg/L
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27 m x 7m x 1m
Vertical flow constructed wetland
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Existing system
• Performance
BOD removal = 97%
COD removal = 84%
Color removal = Acceptable color
• Problem
Clogging began after 6 months – 1 year
(Expected life was 3 years)
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Propose solution
Hybrid Constructed Wetland
- Floating planted system
- Planted bed system
- Aeration system
Floating planted system
Aeration system Plantedbed system
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Floating plants
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Plantbed filter
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Methodology
5 experimental systems (2 duplicate). I: Aerator system II: Aerator system + Plantbed system III: Aerator system + Floating Planted system + Plantbed system
IV: Aeration system reduced by half + Floating Planted system + Plantbed system
V: Aeration system reduced by half + Floating Planted system + Plantbed system +
Sand filter system
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W x L x H =3.8 m x 5.9 m x 2 m
200L 50L
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influent effluent
Sand 15 cm 26 cm
19.5 cm
100 cm
valves
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influent effluent 30 cm 30 cm
100 cm
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90 cm
18 cm
70 cm
water level 10 cm
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Influent characteristics
parameter STD
pH 7.64±0.18 5-9
SS (mg/L) 63.95±30.49 50
COD (mg/L) 345±61.09 120
BOD (mg/L) 141.87±73.13 20
NH4+-N (mg/L) 7.60±4.29
NO3- - N (mg/L) 32.99±15.38
PO43- (mg/L) 1.73±0.98
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0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
SS
(m
g/L
)
SS treatment 1 (mg/L) effluent standard (mg/L)
Treatment 1
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Treatment 2
0
50
100
150
200
250
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
SS
(m
g/L
)
SS treatment 2 (mg/L) effluent standard (mg/L)
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Treatment 3
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
SS
(m
g/L
)
SS treatment 3 (mg/L) effluent standard (mg/L)
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Treatment 4
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
SS
(m
g/L
)
SS treatment 4 (mg/L) effluent standard (mg/L)
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-16.5
-16.0
-15.5
-15.0
-14.5
-14.0
-13.5
8.68
8.70
8.72
8.74
8.76
8.78
8.80
8.82
8.84
8.86
8.88
8.90
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
pH
pH pH change (%)
pH
chan
ge (%
)
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-200.0
-150.0
-100.0
-50.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
140.0
160.0
180.0
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
SS
(m
g/L
)
SS (mg/L) STD (mg/L) SS removal (%)
SS
removal (%
) 167.67
29.56 26.00 24.72
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88.0
88.5
89.0
89.5
90.0
90.5
91.0
91.5
92.0
92.5
93.0
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
BO
D (
mg/L
)
BOD (mg/L) STD (mg/L) BOD removal (%)
BO
D rem
oval (%
)
11.69 10.67 11.34
14.87
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0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
140.0
160.0
180.0
200.0
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
CO
D (
mg/L
)
COD (mg/L) STD (mg/L) COD removal (%)
CO
D rem
ova
l (%)
178.33
104.78 111.39 112.40
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-60.0
-50.0
-40.0
-30.0
-20.0
-10.0
0.0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
Ort
ho
-P (
mg/L
)
Ortho-P (mg/L) Ortho-P removal (%)
Orth
o-P
removal (%
)
2.07
2.45 3.60 3.65
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46.0
47.0
48.0
49.0
50.0
51.0
52.0
53.0
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.8
3.8
3.9
3.9
4.0
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
am
mon
ia (
mg/L
)
ammonia (mg/L) ammonia removal (%)
am
mon
ia rem
oval (%
)
3.89
3.82
3.60
3.81
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59.0
60.0
61.0
62.0
63.0
64.0
65.0
66.0
67.0
68.0
69.0
9.5
10.0
10.5
11.0
11.5
12.0
12.5
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
nit
rate
(m
g/L
nitrate (mg/L) nitrate removal (%)
nitra
te removal (%
) 12.35
10.66
11.46
12.14
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-18
-16
-14
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0treatment1 treatment2 treatment3 treatment4
pH
ch
an
ge (
%)
flow rate 21.0 mL/min flow rate 31.5 mL/min-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
treatment1 treatment2 treatment3 treatment4
SS
rem
ova
l (%
)
flow rate 21.0 mL/min flow rate 31.5 mL/min
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
treatment1 treatment2 treatment3 treatment4
BO
D r
em
ov
al
(%)
flow rate 21.0 mL/min flow rate 31.5 mL/min
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
treatment1 treatment2 treatment3 treatment4
CO
D r
em
ov
al
(%)
flow rate 21.0 mL/min flow rate 31.5 mL/min
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-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
SS
rem
ova
l (%
)
with sand filtrated without sand filtrated
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
CO
D r
emo
va
l (%
)
with sand filtrated without sand filtrated
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Water Canna (Thalia Geniculata)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8 W9 W10W11W12W13
stem
hei
gh
t (C
M)
treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
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Umbella Plant (Cyperus Alternifolius)
020406080
100120140160180200
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
stem
hei
gh
t (c
m)
treatment3 treatment4
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
w3 w6 w9 w18 w21 w24
roo
t le
ng
th (
cm)
treatment 3 treatment 4
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Summary
• reduce the amount of air in half without affecting the performance. • The roots of floating plants as a habitat for microorganisms. • Planted bed filter decrease suspended solid • Sand filter system / Sedimentation system can be controlled to lower
BOD and SS effluent standards. • Sedimentation pond require less maintenance than sand filter system
• Sand filter system have to clean sand backwashing way to get rid of the SS stuck in the sand.
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Improved wastewater treatment
Plantedbed1
plantedbed 2
Influent
rom
anaerobic pond
Treated water pond
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Industrial wastewater sources (20-30 m3/day)
Wastewater pond
Macadamia charcoal filter Anaerobic pond
Wastewater pretreatment rail
BOD = 370 mg/L
COD = 620 mg/L
BOD = 265 mg/L
COD = 470 mg/L
BOD = 130 mg/L
COD = 290 mg/L
plantedbed 2
Treated water pond
Plantedbed1
Hybrid Constructed Wetland (floating planted+ planted bed + Aerator)
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Thank you