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Systems Engineering Manager, NXP Semiconductors
Andy Birnie
Electrification drives new demand in microcontrollers
February 2019
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Safe and Secure Mobility – An Exciting Market
Autonomy Electrification Connectivity
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Automotive Global MegatrendsDriving the need for next generation silicon capabilities
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Key Growth Areas of Automotive Electronic Systems
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Source: IHS, ABI and NXP Internal
Automotive Systems CAGR 17-22
The car is shifting to a sophisticated electronic system that senses, thinks and acts
From internal combustion engines to more energy efficient HEV/EV
Safety
Security
Cost
Upgradability
Personalization
Low-to-high end
Energy efficiency
Maintenance
Computing Power
Reduced complexity
Faster to market
DifferentiateCustomizable
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xEV Market Evolution
• 2030: ~50% of all vehicles sold contain electrified powertrains
• Dynamic market environment with emerging xEV-focused OEMs in USA and China
• China Major Market Driver (Strategic, Legislation)
• Europe leading in 48V Hybrid introduction
• Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) continue decline
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Pure Electric Vehicle (BEV)
PHEV
48V MHEV
FHEV
Share ofICE-based vehicles
50%
Source: Strategy analytics, HIS, Evercore, NXP CMI
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Electrification of Powertrains Boosts Semiconductor Content
Source: NXP, Strategy Analytics
Types of PowertrainsCombustion
Engine(ICE)
Mild Hybrid
(MHEV)
Full Hybrid(FHV)
Plug-in Hybrid(PHEV)
Range Extended EV
(REEV)
Battery Electric Vehicle(BEV)
Combustion Engine
Battery System
Mains Charging - - -
Electric Traction -10 – 20kW 15 – 60kW 40 – 80kW 40 – 80kW > 80kW
Added Semiconductor Value - +$200 +$350 +$400 +$425 +$450
LV LV HV LV HV LV HV LV HVLV 48V
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Megatrends Force Vehicle Architecture Transformation
Distributed Flat Architecture• Low bandwidth network• One MCU per application
T O D A Y T O M O R R O W
Gateway
Connectivity
Powertrain & Vehicle Dynamics
Connected Infotainment
Body & Comfort ADAS Autonomy
Domain ControllerDomain Controller
Domain Controller
Domain Controller Domain Controller
Domain Architecture• High performance domain MPUs• Edge nodes & sensors • High bandwidth• Gateway• Safety & security
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Applying Domain Control Concept to Propulsion
Vehicle LevelContext aware, cloud connection, trip info, GPS location, OTA updates, maintenance, etc
Domain levelManage torque sources, energy availability, driver behaviour, flexible implementation, etc
“Engine” levelReal-time control, safety “reflex” for engines, motors, etc
VCU
HCU
ECU
Control Timeframe
µs - ms
100 µs – minutes
100 ms– years
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“Engine” Control Unit
Control of individual functions• Instantaneous control for maximum efficiency• Module safety monitoring• Safety “reflex” response• Hard real-time responsibility
Brake / ABS / ESPSteering / EPS
Brake / ABS / ESPBrake / ABS / ESP
Traction MotorInternal Combustion
Engine
Brake / ABS / ESP
Integrated DC/DC Converter
Battery Management
System
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HCU Functions and architectureC
ompu
tatio
nal c
ompl
exity
Criticality of timescale
Powertrain system
communications
Torquevectoring
Generic vehicle functions (e.g. cruise control, lane keeping)
Torque selection
Braking/Chassis/ Transmission
interaction
Thermal managementPropulsion
monitoring and response
Predictive stop-start Predictive
gear shift
Trip management computation e.g. GLOSA
System learning for driver behaviour
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*Sources:Integrated Torque Split and Gear Shift Optimization using novel technique in HEV, Gupta et al, Maruti Suzuki, 2015Trip-oriented Energy Management Control Strategy for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Yu et al, 2011Power Management of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles Using Neural Network Based Trip Modeling, Gong et al, 2009Ecological Adaptive Cruise Controller for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Using Nonlinear Model Predictive Control, Vajedi et alFuzzy-based blended control for the energy management of a parallel plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, Denis et al, 2014, ToyotaRole of Terrain Preview in Energy Management of Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Zhan et al 2009
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Instantaneous torque control
A priori trip Trip withNeural Network
Trip with non-linearpredictive
control
Trip with fuzzy logic
Trip withterrain
awareness
Potential efficiencies
information
Claimed Efficiency Improvements from Research
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Propulsion domain within vehicle architecture
Propulsion Domain
Controller
Vehicle Control Unit
Inverter Box BMS Box DC/DC BoxOn-Board
Charger Box
Inverter BMS Power Conversion
BCCGate driver
DC/DC conv
Pack controller
MPC5775B
InverterMPC5775E Processor
AC/DC conv
Processor
Chassis Control Box
Steering Control Box
Braking Control Box
Combustion Control Box
INFOTAINMENT ADAS BODY
Transmission Control Box
EV
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Propulsion domain – consolidation opportunities
Realtime EV
Full EV EV Strategy
Chassis
Inverter+
Represent known OEM consolidation projects
PDC
DCDC INVACDC BMS Chassis BrakingSteer Trans ICE
PDC
DCDC INVACDC BMS Chassis BrakingSteer Trans ICE
PDC
DCDC INVACDC BMS Chassis BrakingSteer Trans ICE
PDC
DCDC INVACDC BMS Chassis BrakingSteer Trans ICE
PDC
DCDC INVACDC BMS Chassis BrakingSteer Trans ICE
HEV PDC
DCDC INVACDC BMS Chassis BrakingSteer Trans ICE
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System in Package (SiP) MCU• A new Automotive SiP MCU containing
multiple die in standard PBGA packages
• Allows best technology to be used for each feature without comprise
• NXP has new patented technology enabling Automotive SiP devices
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S32S Safe Fault-Tolerant Computing Platform
ASIL-D switch fabric
HS
EDMAeD
MA
Gbi
tEth
erne
t
SD
HCSystem
RAM
PLL/clocks
I2CFlexTimer
SWTSTMPIT
SEMA4CRCRCCU
EIM/ERM
FCCU
STCU
Flex
Ray
eMIOSLIN
PSI5SENT
CAN FD
Zipwire
SPI
Automotive Peripherals
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Software Architecture• The range of functions on the VCU/HCU map best onto a virtual machine (VM) architecture• This simplifies integration when different suppliers provide the software functions
− And provides a robust environment for safety-critical applications
VM2VM1
R52-0 R52-1 R52-3R52-2
HypervisorvCPU vCPUvCPUvCPU vCPU
OS2longer term “compute tasks”
vCPU
OS1short timescale tasks
Task 1 Task 2 Task 1 Task 2 Task 3Task 4
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Conclusions• Automotive industry is enjoying exciting times,
momentum increasing for vehicle electrification
• Adding e-machines brings the need for torque management and energy optimization.
• Traditional microcontroller solutions will not keep pace with the demands from electrification
• New innovative microcontrollers from NXP are being developed to meet the demands
• These new microcontrollers, with new virtualisationfeatures, bring new ECU consolidation possibilities
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