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Electrode Potential And Its Applications
Prepared by Saba Shahzadi
Course CoordinatorDr. Shahnaz Rashid
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Topics to be learned…. Electrode Potential (definition) Introduction to Electrochemistry Electrochemical cells ElectrodesElectrode potentialConcept of electrode potentialHalf cell reactionsTypes of electrode potentialsCell Potential or E.M.F and its difference from Potential
DifferenceDependence of Electrode PotentialMeasurement of Electrode PotentialElectrochemical SeriesApplications of Electrode Potential
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Electrode Potential
Electrode potential is the voltage that an electrode is at , this has to measured versus a reference electrode.
Electrode potential is electromotive force of a cell that has two electrodes.
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Introduction to Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry is a branch of chemistry which involves the interconversion of electrical and chemical energy.
These conversions are carried out through electrochemical cells.
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Electrochemical CellsThere are two main types of electrochemical
cells Voltaic or Galvanic CellElectrolytic CellThe concept of electrode potentials could be
understand by the composition of any one of the above.
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Construction of Electrochemical cell
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What are Electrodes?
Electrodes are the means by which liquid and living organisms are included in electrical circuits.
There are two electrodes in each electrochemical cell.
It may be a metal or a solid substance (mixture)Its characteristics depend on the metal or solid
and the solution in which it is dipped.
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Electrode Potential
The electrical potential difference set up between the metal and its solution is known as electrode potential.
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Half Cell ReactionsBoth of the half cells have their own
individual electrode potential because two different type of reaction take place on them.
At anode oxidation reaction occurs. At cathode reduction reaction occurs. Zn+2 + 2e- Zn
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Concept of Electrode PotentialDouble layer Formation: The deposition of negative charges on
the electrode when the chemical potential of copper’s ions in the metal is less than the chemical potential of the copper ions in solution then at the dipping of electrodes some quantity of the copper ions are hydrated and transferred to the metal which forms a positive charge on metal surface.
These processes cause the double electrical layer.
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Double Layer
1- metal2 - solution
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Types of electrode potentialOxidation Potential
Reduction potential
Standard cell potential (standard hydrogen electrode)Cell potential
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Cell Potential and its difference from potential difference
The difference between the electrode potentials of the two electrodes constituting an electrochemical cell is known as electromotive force (e.m.f.) or cell potential of
a cell.
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Dependence of Electrode PotentialConcentration
Temperature
Pressure (in case of gases only)
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Measurement of Electrode potentialElectrode potential can never b measured
directly it can only be measured by Comparing an electrode with a standard or
reference electrode.
These electrodes may be S.H.E or calomel electrode.
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Electrochemical series
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Applications of electrode PotentialDetermination of Relative strengths of oxidizing and reducing
agents.Thermodynamic cell potentialUnknown concentrationpHFree energyEquilibrium constantSolubility productsDissociation constantTitration curve
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Continued…
Predict theDirection of electron flowFeasibility of the reactionWeather a metal can liberate hydrogen from
acid or not