END OF UNIT FILING!
BEFORE YOU DO ANYTHING ELSE…Please get your file folder off the back counter!!
Then write your homework AND get your homework out to be checked!
WARM-UP1) Write your homework – leave it to be
stamped!2) Update your Table of Contents for
today’s activities!
3) Get your homework out to be checked!
Date Session#
Activity Page#
10/30 & 10/31
2 Plate Tectonics Note Guide 3
Igneous Metamorphic Sedimentary
Where would you most likely find this type of
rock?
Where would you find?
Where would you find?
Based on how it is formed and where it is
located, what information could you get from this type of
rock?
What info could you get?
What info could you get?
QUICK REVIEW… Layers of the
EarthCrust (2 types)MantleOuter CoreInner Core
Earth’s crust and the very top of the mantle form the lithosphere
Lithosphere sits on top of the asthenosphere
HOW???
LAW OF UNIFORMITARIANISMLaw of
Uniformitarianism: States that Earth is an always changing place
The same forces of change are at work today that were at work in the past.
Some changes are gradual; some changes are fast.
T-CHART: SLOW CHANGES VS. FAST CHANGES
SINKHOLES http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=RUjo3K_00tY
Whether you categorize them as a fast or slow change, they seem to be getting more common…WHY?
SOME THINGS HAPPEN SLOWLY, WHILE OTHERS HAPPEN QUICKLY, BUT WHAT THEY BOTH HAVE IN COMMON IS THEY STEM FROM ONE COMMON MOVEMENT …BUT MOVEMENT OF WHAT????
HINT:
TECTONIC PLATES The Lithosphere is broken into many large and
small slabs of rock called tectonic plates and where two plates meet, a lot of changes can occur.
The plates move because of convection currents.
The hot, soft rock in the mantle rises…then it cools, and sinks.
TECTONIC PLATES
How do the
tectonic
plates move?
1. Divergent2. Convergent 3. Transform
TECTONIC PLATES
There are 3 types of
plate boundaries
When one tectonic plate sinks under another plate
IT CAN ONLY HAPPEN WHEN…
Continental & oceanic plate collide = oceanic plate ALWAYS sinks because it is more DENSE.
Oceanic & oceanic plate collide = the older more dense plate sinks!
SUBDUCTION
What is SUBduction
?
Key word: Divide
DIVERGENT
DIVERGENT
What occurs at this boundary?
New Crust Forms
Mid-ocean Ridges
Rift ValleysEarthquakes
Volcanoes
DIVERGENT
Key word: Collide
3 types of convergent:
Continental-continental
Oceanic-oceanicOceanic- continental
CONVERGENT
CONVERGENT: CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL
What occurs at this boundary?
High mountains
Earthquakes
CONVERGENT: CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL
CONVERGENT: OCEANIC-OCEANIC
What occurs at this boundary?
Deep-ocean Trenches
Volcanic IslandsEarthquakes
CONVERGENT: OCEANIC-OCEANIC
Hawaii is NOT on a plate boundary!
CONVERGENT: OCEANIC- CONTINENTAL
What occurs at this boundary?
Deep-ocean trenches
Coastal mountains (some are volcanic)
Earthquakes
CONVERGENT: OCEANIC- CONTINENTAL
Key word: Slide
TRANSFORM
TRANSFORM
What occurs at this boundary?
FaultsEarthquakes
TRANSFORM
http://www.sepuplhs.org/middle/iaes/students/simulations/SEPUP_Plate_simulation.swf
PLATE MOTION SIMULATION
HOMEWORK: REAL WORLD EXAMPLES & PICTURES
You can start by using the textbook/technology to search for a real-world example you can copy into your chart.
When you go home, please print or draw a picture (drawings better be good!) to put in the box of that
real-world example
WARM-UP1) Write your homework – leave it to be stamped!2) Update your Table of Contents for today’s activities.
3) Get your homework out to be checked!4) Get a whiteboard, marker and eraser off the back shelf, and get ready
for a review!
Date Session#
Activity Page#
11/4 & 11/5
3 Milky Way Plate Tectonic Lab (turn in for a formal grade and tape into page 4 when returned)
4
Layers of the Earth Rap Lyrics/Continents Adrift Video Questions
5
REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES DIVERGENT BOUNDARY Mid-Ocean Ridges like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES Continental-Continental Convergent High Mountains like the Himalayas
REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES Oceanic-Oceanic Convergent Deep-ocean trenches like the Mariana Trench
REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES Continental-Oceanic Convergent Coastal mountains like the Andes Mountains
on the coast of South America
REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES Transform Boundary Faults, like the San Andreas Fault in
California
WHITE BOARD QUICK TICKET REVIEW
Answer each question on the whiteboard ON YOUR OWN!
I will come around and check your answers – YOU GET ONE CHANCE, and if you are correct you will get a ticket!
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
Draw and label the 4 main layers of the Earth:
What were the 2 type of crust?
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
Explain why the Earth’s interior is separated into these layers:
• DENSITY• Materials they are each made up of• The forces by which Earth was formed
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS Which 2 layers make up the lithosphere?
Which layer does the lithosphere sit on top of?
• Crust • Mantle
• Asthenosphere
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS Why is the inner core solid if it is so hot?
• Because it is under so much intense PRESSURE from the other layers sitting on top of it.
ESSENTIAL QUESITONS If new crust is created at
divergent boundaries, then why doesn’t Earth get any bigger?
• SUBDUCTION! As new crust is formed at a divergent boundary, old crust is being melted down at convergent boundaries where subduction is occurring. New crust is being “created” at the same rate that old crust is being “destroyed.”
• Earth recycles itself!
REVIEW: PLATE TECTONICS Please turn to your Plate Boundaries Chart so
you can reference it during the mini lab activity!
REVIEW: MILKY WAY PLATE TECTONICS LAB We will be doing a mini-lab with Milky Way
bars to further demonstrate your understanding of plate tectonics and the features formed by plate movement.
You must complete the lab guide and you must follow my instructions at all times!
Make sure your lab guide is in the basket with your name on it at the end of the lab for a FORMAL grade!!
LAYERS OF THE EARTH RAP http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=Q9j1xGaxYzY
Use as an example for your homework, listen and follow along with the lyrics while you eat your Milky Way bar!
Brain Break!
CONTINENTS ADRIFTMOVIE QUESTIONS: Answer as you watch the movie
cliphttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HrKTuCDierM
HOMEWORK Rap, song or poem about “Earth’s History”
material covered so far – DUE NEXT CLASS!
Start reviewing your vocabulary nightly!
WARM-UP1) Write your homework – leave it to be stamped!2) Update your Table of Contents for today! 3) Put your rap, song or poem in the basket!
4) Pick up the supplies on the front counter that are listed on the front whiteboard!
Date Session#
Activity Page#
11/6 & 11/7
4 The Story of Earth’s History Foldable 6
Sea-floor Spreading Lab 7
HOMEWORK: Continental Drift/Columbian Exchange Article & Questions
8
REMEMBER… It is the movement of the tectonic plates that
cause the majority of changes on Earth. Some changes happen quickly, while others
happen slowly, but none have been more Earth changing than this…
HOW?
EARTH’S HISTORY FOLDABLE
Fold the 2 pieces of copy paper as shown.
Label each flap as you see in the picture.
The Story of Earth’s History
Pangaea
Continental Drift
Sea Floor Spreading & Magnetic Reversal
PANGAEAScientist Alfred
Wegener noticed that Earth’s continents seemed to fit together like a puzzle, so he hypothesized that they were once joined in a single “super continent” called Pangaea
CONTINENTAL DRIFT
This led to his Theory of Continental Drift – that although the continents were once joined, they slowly drifted apart!
Wegener’s Evidence: 1. Matching rock layers on different continents
2. Matching fossils on different continents
3. Evidence of climate change – tropical plant fossils in cold places, ice scratches in warm places
SEA FLOOR SPREADING The sea floor spreads apart at
divergent boundaries and forms new crust as well as features such as Mid-Ocean ridges
The rock closest to the crack is the youngest while the rock further from the crack is older
MAGNETIC REVERSALS Minerals in the magma that rises through
the cracks in the sea floor align themselves with Earth’s magnetic poles (North and South)
As the rock cools, the minerals stay fixed in this position, like a compass
Earth’s poles periodically reverse. The “stripes” of rock along the ocean floor record these reversals.
SEA-FLOOR SPREADING
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GyMLlLxbfa4
SEA FLOOR SPREADING SIMULATION
Read the “Introduction to Sea Floor Spreading” silently to yourself or with your partner.
Quickly color & cut out your sea floor
strip and tape the “orange” ends together – 5 minutes!
Cut Slits A, B & C as demonstrated!
SEA FLOOR SPREADING LAB
Thread the “blue” ends up through Slit B from the bottom
Pull one side down through Slit A and the other down through Slit C
Answer the questions on your lab guide
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC – “COLLIDING CONTINENTS”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KCSJNBMOjJs
The BIG QUESTIONS:…will the continents be connected again?…what will Earth be like hundreds of
millions of years in the future?…how did Earth form in the first place?
(last 5 minutes of video)
WARM-UP1) Write your homework – leave it to be stamped!2) Update your Table of Contents for today!
3) Get your homework out to be checked!4) Get your “Story of Earth’s History” foldable out as well!
Date Session#
Activity Page#
11/8 & 11/12
5 Hawaii…How? & Hot Spot Notes 9
Mapping the Hawaiian Islands 10
Vocabulary Practice Quiz 11
QUICK REVIEW What is the former “supercontinent” called? Why is it called Pangaea? The idea that the continents had slowly
moved is called…? Who was the scientist that proposed the
idea of both Pangaea & Continental Drift? Why didn’t people believe him? What did he use as evidence to prove his
theory? What LAND FORM was later discovered on
the ocean floor that supported his theory?
QUICK REVIEWThis land form was created by which
process?We further discovered that the oldest
rock was located…? And the youngest rock was located…?Not only were there age patterns, but
patterns of what else?Which scientist is responsible for the
discovery of the Mid-Ocean Ridge & Sea-Floor Spreading?
MAGNETIC REVERSAL DEMOREMEMBER… Earth is surrounded by a magnetic field Earth’s magnetic field, and magnetic poles,
reverse and those reversals are recorded in the minerals of the sea floor
What do you think the effects of a magnetic reversal could be?
HOT SPOTS! Read Hawaii…How? Should get taped to the top of page 9
HOT SPOTS!
What is the Earth’s outer crust made up of?Where can a volcano form?What plate are the Hawaiian Islands on?Are they at a plate boundary or a hot spot?What is a hot spot?Does a hot spot move?So what is moving?How many islands has this hot spot formed
to make the Hawaiian Island chain?
HOT SPOTS Hot spots occur far from plate
boundaries. Magma rises and weakens and eventually
melts through the crust above it. As the plate moves, the hot spot remains,
creating a series of volcanic islands or volcanoes.
Hot spots help measure plate movement because the hot spot stays in one place while the plate above it moves.
HOT SPOT VIDEO Discovery Education: Hot Spots – The
Formation of the Hawaiian Islands
HOT SPOT DEMOAs you watch the demo write a
a 3-4 sentence description of what you see happening:
- Analyze the movement of the screen…- What does the screen represent?- What does the shaving cream represent?- What does the side view look like?
STEP 1: MAPPING THE HAWAIIAN HOT SPOTS!
1) Use the latitude and longitude coordinates to locate each of the Hawaiian islands on the map
2) Plot each island on the map – label it with the name
LATITUDE & LONGITUDE REVIEW Latitude – latitude lines are the horizontal
lines that are measured by how far North or South they are of the Equator (0) – usually written first
Longitude – longitude lines are the vertical lines that are measured by how far East or West they are of the Prime Meridian (0) – usually written second
Using latitude and longitude is very similar to using the X, Y coordinates on a graph
STEP 2: CALCULATING THE RATE OF MOVEMENT
Basic Formula: velocity = distance / time
Example for Midway Island:Step 1: Convert the age into millions of years
How do we turn 27.7 into millions of years?27.7 x 1,000,000 = 27,700,000
Step 2: Plug the numbers into the formulaVelocity = 2,432 km / 27,700,000 years = 0.00008779km/yr
Step 3: Convert km/yr to cm/yr (there are 100,000 cm in a km)
0.00008779 x 100,000 = 8.78 cm/yr! (round)
HOMEWORK Study the Vocab Practice Quiz…
and review your notes!
There will be a Vocabulary Quiz NEXT CLASS…AND IT WON’T ALL BE MATCHING!
VOCABULARY PRACTICE QUIZ
Clear your desk
When you are finished, turn your quiz over!
KEY VOCABULARY TERMS FOR THIS POWERPOINT…BUT DON’T FORGET THE ROCK CYCLE WORDS!!!CrustMantleOuter CoreInner CoreLithosphereAsthenosphereConvection CurrentMagma/LavaLaw of
UniformitarianismTectonic PlatesSubduction
Divergent BoundaryConvergent BoundaryTransform BoundaryMid-Ocean RidgeRift ValleyDeep-ocean TrenchPangaeaContinental DriftSea floor SpreadingMagnetic ReversalHot Spot
