Download - Endemic Plants of Tamil Nadu - tnenvis.nic.intnenvis.nic.in/writereaddata/Endemic Plants of Tamil Nadu.pdf · ENDEMIC FLORA OF TAMIL NADU I. INTRODUCTION Endemism encompasses taxonomic

ENDEMIC FLORA OF TAMIL NADU

I. INTRODUCTION

Endemism encompasses taxonomic units of any rank or taxa (includes plants,

animals, and Microorganisms) which occurs in a biogeographical area usually isolated by

geographical, ecological or temporal barriers. The areas of endemism may be large or small. The

degree of endemism increases with the increase size of a homogenous biogeographical area

having the same floristic history and ecological conditions.

For any conservation programme it is essential that each country has an inventory of its

endemic species so that national conservation efforts can be initiated for the protection of

endemic species.This ENVIS Special Iusse includes the Check list of endemic Angiosperms of

Tamil Nadu and the research papers on 1. Agasthiyamalai Biosphere Reserve, 2. Nilgiris

Biosphere Reserve and 3. Anamalai Tiger Reserve.

Table 1. Check list of Endemic plants in Tamil Nadu

Sl.

No

Name of the species Family Habit Distribution Endemic

Status

Red

list

status

1. Acrocephalus

pulniensis Mukerjee.

Lamiaceae Palni Hills E(P) --

2. Actinodaphne

campanulata var.

campanulata

Lauraceae Tree Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG) EN

3. Aenhenrya

agastyamalayana

Herb Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG) CR

4. Aerides rotundifolius

(Blatter)Balakr

Orchidaceae Palni Hills E(P) --

5. Agrostis peninsularis

Hook.f.

Poaceae Herb Madurai, Nilgiri E R

6. Agrostis pilosula Trin.

var. filifolia Bor.

Poaceae Herb Madurai E R

7. Agrostis pilosula Trin.

var. pilosula

Poaceae Herb Madurai, Nilgiri E --

8. Agrostis schmidii

(Hook.f.) Fischer.

Poaceae Herb Nilgiri E(N) EN

9. Allophylus concanicus

Radlk var. lanceolatus

Gamble.

Sapindaceae Shrub Coimbatore.

Madurai,Nilgiri,

Tirunelveli

E --

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

10. Andrographis

lobelioides Wight.var.

lobelioides

Acanthaceae Herb Nilgiri E(N) --

11. Andrographis neesiana

Wight var. rotundifolia

Sreemadh

Acanthaceae Herb Coimbatore E --

12. Andrographis rothii

Clarke.

Acanthaceae Shrub Tirunelveli E(AG) --

13. Andrographis

stenophylla Clarke.

Acanthaceae Sshrub Coimbatore E(AN) --

14. Andropogon longipes

Hack.

Poaceae

Herb Nilgiri E(N) --

15. Andropogon pumilus

Roxb.

Poaceae Herb Chengalpattu,

Coimbatore,

Ramanathapuram,

Tiruchirappalli,

Tirunelveli

E --

16. Anisochilus robustus Lamiaceae Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

17. Anisochilus

suffruticosus Wight.

Lamiaceae Shrub Nilgiri, Tirunelveli E --

18. Anisochilus wightii

Hook.f.

Lamiaceae Herb Anamalai Hills E(AN) --

19. Anoectochilus

rotundifolius (Blatter)

Balakr.

Orchidaceae Herb Madurai E R

20. Anthoxanthum borii

Jain & Pal.


21. Apocopis vaginata

Hack.

Poaceae Herb Chengalpattu and

Madurai

E R

22. Argyreia nellygherya

Choisy.

Convolvulaceae Climber Nilgiri E(N) --

23. Arthraxon echinatus

(Nees.) Hochst.

Poaceae Herb Almost all districts. E R

24. Arthraxon lanceolatus

(Roxb.) Hochst.

Poaceae Herb Coimbatore,

Madurai E --

25. Arthraxon

quartinianus (A. Rich.)

Nash


Madurai, Nilgiri E --

26. Arundinaria wightiana

Nees. var. hispida

Gamble.

Poaceae Shrub Nilgiri E(N) --

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

27. Arundinella ciliata

(Roxb.) Nees ex. Miq.


Kanniyakumari,

Madurai, Nilgiri,

Salem, Thanjavur,

Tirunelveli

E --

28. Arundinella leptochloa

(Nees ex. Steud.)

Hook.f.

Poaceae Herb Nilgiri, Tirunelveli E --

29. Arundinella

mesophylla Nees ex.

Steud.


Madurai, Nilgiri,

Tirunelveli

E --

30. Arundinella purpurea

Hochst ex. Steud. var.

laxa Bor.

Poaceae Herb Nilgiri E(N) R

31. Arundinella purpurea

Hochst ex. Steud. var.

purpurea


Madurai, Nilgiri,

Tirunelveli

E --

32. Arundinella setosa

Trin. var. lanifera

Fischer.

Poaceae Herb Chengalpattu E R

33. Arundinella setosa

Trin. var. nilagiriana

Subbaroa & Kumari.


34. Arundinella

tuberculata Munro ex.

Lisboa.

Poaceae Herb Madras E R

35. Arundinella vaginata

Bor.

Poaceae Herb Madurai, Nilgiri,

Tirunelveli E --

36. Begonia aliciae

Fischer.

Begoniaceae Herb Nilgiri E(N) --

37. Begonia anamalayana

Bedd.

Begoniaceae Herb Coimbatore E(AN) --

38. Belosynopsis kewensis Herb

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

39. Berberis nilghiriensis

Ahrendt.

Berberidaceae Shrub Nilgiri E(N) --

40. Biophytum insignis Oxalidaceae Herb

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

41. Biophytum

intermedium Wight.

var. pulneyensis Edgew.

Geraniaceae Herb Palni Hills E(P) --

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

42. Biophytum

longibracteatum Oxalidaceae Herb

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

EN

43. Bothriochola foulkesii

(Hook.f.) Henrard.


Madurai, Nilgiri,

Tirunelveli

E --

44. Brachiaria kurzii

(Hook.f.) A.Camus.


45. Brachiaria munae

Basappa.


46. Brachiaria nilagirica

Bor.

Poaceae Herb Nilgiris E(N) --

47. Brachycorythis iantha

(Wight.) Summerh.

Orchidaceae Herb Coimbatore,

Madurai, Nilgiri,

Tirunelveli

E --

48. Brachycorythis

splendida Summerh.


Kanniyakumari,

Madurai

E --

49. Brachystelma

bourneae Gamble

Asclepiadaceae Herb Palni Hills E(P) --

50. Bulbophllum albidum

(Wight.) Hook. f.

Orchidaceae Herb Nilgiri, Tirunelveli E EN

51. Bulbophyllum

agastyamalayanum Orchidaceae

Epiphytic

herb

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

52. Bulbophyllum

elegantulum (Rolf.)

J.J. Smith.

Orchidaceae Herb Nilgiri E(N) R

53. Bulbophyllum

fuscopurpureum

Wight.

Orchidaceae Herb Coimbatore, Nilgiri E R

54. Bulbophyllum

kaitiense Reichb. f.

Orchidaceae Herb Coimbatore, Nilgiri,

Salem E R

55. Bulbophyllum

nodosum (Rolfe)

J.J.Smith.

Orchidaceae Herb Nilgiri E(N) EN

56. Bulbophyllum

proudlockii (King &

Pantl) J.J.Smith


57. Bulbophyllum

tremulum Wight.


Tirunelveli E --

58. Bulbostylis puberula

var. gracilis Cyperaceae Herb

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

59. Capillipedium Poaceae Herb Coimbatore E --

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

filiculme (Hook.f.)

Stapf.

60. Capillipedium huegelii

(Hack.) A.Camus.


Madurai, Nilgiri,

Salem, Tirunelveli

E --

61. Caralluma nilagiriana

Kumari & Subba Rao.

Asclepiadaceae Herb Nilgiri E(N) EN

62. Carex pseudoaperta

Boeckeler ex. Kukek.

Cyperaceae Herb Nilgiri E(N) R

63. Carex raphidocarpa

Nees.

Cyperaceae Herb Madurai E(P) R

64. Carex vicinalis Boott.

Cyperaceae Herb Nilgiri E(N) R

65. Carex wightiana Nees.

Cyperaceae Herb Tirunelveli E(AG) R

66. Cenchrus glaucus

Mudaliar &

Sundararaj.

Poaceae Herb Coimbatore E R

67. Ceropegia omissa

Huber.

Asclepiadaceae Climber Madurai ,

Tirunelveli E R

68. Chloris bournei Rang

& Tad.


Thanjavur,

Tirunelveli

E --

69. Chloris wightiana

Nees ex. Steud.

Poaceae Herb Tirunelveli E(AG) --

70. Christisonia saulierei

Dunn.

Scrophulariaceae Herb Palni Hills E(P) --

71. Chrysoglossum

hallbergii Blatter.

Orchidaceae Madurai E R

72. Chrysopogon hackelli

(Hook.f.) Fischer.


Coimbatore,

Madurai, Nilgiri,

Pudukottai,

Tirunelveli

E --

73. Chrysopogon velutinus

(Hook.f.) Bor.

Poaceae Herb Almost all districts. E R

74. Cinnamomum

walaivarense Lauraceae Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

75. Cissampelopsis

ansteadii Asteraceae Climber

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

76. Claoxylon wightii var. Euphorbiaceae Shrub Agasthiyamalai E(AG) Ex

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

angustatum Hills

77. Claoxylon wightii var.

hirsutum Euphorbiaceae shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

78. Clematis theobromina

Dunn.

Ranunculaceae Shrub Nilgiri E(N) --

79. Coelachne perpusilla

(Arn ex. Steud.) Thw.

var. nilagirica


80. Coelogyne glandulosa

Lindl. var. bournei Das

& Jain.

Orchidaceae Herb Madurai E(P) --

81. Coelogyne glandulosa

Lindl. var.

sathyanarayanae Das

& Jain

Orchidaceae Herb Madurai, E --

82. Coelogyne mossiae

Rolfe.

Orchidaceae Epiphyte Madurai, Nilgiri E --

83. Coelogyne nervosa A.

Rich.

Orchidaceae Epiphyte Coimbatore,

Tirunelveli

Kanniyakumari,

Madurai, Nilgiri,

E --

84. Coelorhachis clarkei

(Hack.) Blatter &

McCann.


85. Crotalaria barbata

Graham ex. Wight &

Arn.

Papilionaceae Shrub Nilgiri, Tirunelveli E R

86. Crotalaria conferta

Fyson

Fabaceae Shrub Palni Hills E(P) --

87. Crotalaria kodaiensis

Debbarm. & Biswas


88. Crotalaria madurensis

Wight.


89. Crotalaria

willdenowiana DC

subsp. glabrifoliolata

Papilionaceae Herb Coimbatore E R

90. Cyanotis cerifolia

R.Rao & Kammathy

Commelianaceae Herb Anamalai Hills E(AN) --

91. Cymbopogon coloratus

(Hook.f.) Stapf.


Coimbatore,

Madurai, North

E --

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

Arcot, Salem,

Tiruneveli

92. Cymbopogon flexuosus

(Nees ex. Steud.)

Wats. var.

coimbatorensis Gupta.

Poaceae Herb Coimbatore E --

93. Cymbopogon

polyneuros (Steud.)

Stapf.

Poaceae Herb Nilgiri,

Tiruchirappalli E --

94. Cymbopogon

travancorensis Bor.


Tirunelveli E --

95. Cynodon barberi Rang

& Tad. forma.

longifolius

Poaceae Herb Madras E --

96. Cynodon barberi Rang

& Tad. forma. barberi


Coimbatore,

Ramanathapuram,

Salem, South Arcot,

Tirunelveli

E --

97. Cyrtococcum longipes

(Wight & Arn ex.

Hook.f.) A. Camus.

Poaceae Herb Coimbatore, Nilgiri,

Tirunelveli E --

98. Dalbergia

tinnevelliensis Fabaceae Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills

E(AG)

Ex

99. Dalbergia congesta

Graham ex. Wight &

Arn.

Papilionaceae Shrub Nilgiri E(N) R

100. Dendrobium

anamalayanum

Chandrabose & N.C.

Nair, Chandrasekaran

Orchidaceae Herb Coimbatore, Salem E --

101. Dendrobium aquem

Lindl.

Orchidaceae Herb Coimbatore, Salem,

Tiruchirappalli E R

102. Dendrobium

barbatulum Lindl.


Kanniyakumari

Nilgiri

E --

103. Dendrobium diodon

subsp. kodayarensis Orchidaceae Epiphyte

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

104. Dendrobium

herbaceum Lindl.


Kanniyakumari,

Nilgiri, Salem

E --

105. Dendrobium Orchidaceae Herb Coimbatore, Nilgiri, E R

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

heyneanum Lindl. Tirunelveli

106. Dendrobium

microbulbon A.Rich.


Salem, Tirunelveli E --

107. Dendrobium nanum

Hook f.


Kanniyakumari,

Madurai, Nilgiri,

Salem, Tirunelveli

E --

108. Dendrobium nutans

Lindley var.

rubrilabris

Orchidaceae Herb Palni Hills E(P) --

109. Dendrobium

panduratum subsp.

villosum Orchidaceae Epiphyte

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

110. Dendrobium wightii A.

Hawkes & A.H. Heller


Kanniyakumari,

Nilgiri, Salem,

Tirunelveli

E --

111. Desmodium

dolabriforme Benth.

Papilionaceae Herb Kanniyakumari,

Tirunelveli E --

112. Dichanthium

oliganthum (Hochst

ex. Steud.) Cope.

Poaceae Herb Coimbatore, Nilgiri E R

113. Dichanthium pallidum

(Hook.f.) Staps ex.

Fisher.


114. Didymocarpus

gamnbleanus Fischer.

Gesneriaceae Herb Coimbatore,

Madurai,

Tirunelveli

E R

115. Didymocarpus iyarata

Wight var. iyarta

Clarke.

Gesneriaceae Herb Tirunelveli E(AG) R

116. Didymocarpus

meeboldii W.W.

Smith.

Gesneriaceae Herb Madurai,

Tirunelveli E R

117. Didymocarpus

missionis Wall ex.

R.Br.

Gesneriaceae Herb Kanniyakumari E(AG) CR

118. Didymocarpus

ovalifolia Wight.

Gesneriaceae Herb Kanniyakumari,

Tirunelveli E(AG) EN

119. Didymocarpus repens

Bedd.

Gesneriaceae Herb Tirunelveli

E(AG) EN

120. Digitaria tomentosa

(Koen ex. Willd.)


Coimbatore, E --

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

Henrard. Madurai, Salem,

Tiruchirappalli,

Tirunelveli

121. Dimeria acutipes Bor. Poaceae Herb Chengalpattu E R

122. Dimeria

balkrishnanian

K.Ravikumar et.al

Poaceae Herb Palni Hills E(P) --

123. Dimeria fischeri Bor. Poaceae Herb Almost all districts E R

124. Dimeria kollimalayana

Mohanna & Rao.

Poaceae Herb Salem E R

125. Dimeria orissae Bor. Poaceae Herb Salem E R

126. Dioscorea wightii

Hook. f.

Dioscoreaceae Climber Tirunelveli E(AG) CR

127.

Diospyros barberi Ebenaceae Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

128.

Diotacanthus albiflorus Acanthaceae Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

EN

129.

Drypetes malabaricus Euphorbiaceae Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

130.

Drypetes porteri Euphorbiaceae Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG) --

131. Ecbolium viride

(Forssk.) Alston var.

rotundifolia (Nees.)

Raizada.

Acanthaceae Shrub Coimbatore E --

132. Elaeocarpus blascoi

Weibel Candollea

Elaeocarpaceae Tree Palni Hills E(P) --

133.

Elaeocarpus venustus Elaeocarpaceae Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

EN

134. Elatostemma

lineolatum var. setosum Urticaceae Herb

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

EN

135. Enteapogon

coimbatorensis

K.K.N.Nair Jain &

Nayar.

Poaceae Herb E R

136. Eragrostiella

brachyphylla (Stapf.)

Bor.

Poaceae Herb Chenglapattu,

Coimbatore, North

Arcot, Salem,

Ramanathapuram,

Tirunelveli

E --

137. Eragrostis deccanensis

Bor.

Poaceae Herb Salem E --

138. Eragrostis rottleri Poaceae Herb Thanjavur E EN

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

Stapf.

139. Eria albiflora Rolfe. Orchidaceae Herb Nilgiri E(N) R

140. Eria dalzellii (Hook

ex. dalz.) Lindl.

Orchidaceae Herb Nilgiri E(N) --

141. Eria mysorensis Lindl. Orchidaceae Herb Coimbatore, Nilgiri E --

142. Eria nana A.Rich. Orchidaceae Herb Coimbatore,

Madurai, Nilgiri,

Salem.

E R

143. Eria pauciflora Wight. Orchidaceae Herb Coimbatore,

Kanniyakumari,

Madurai, Nilgiri,

Salem

E --

144. Eria polystachya

A.Rich.

Orchidaceae Herb Kanniyakumari,

Nilgiri, Salem. E --

145. Eriocaulon mariae

Fyson

Eriocaulaceae Herb Palni Hills E(P) --

146. Eriocaulon pectinatum

Ruhl.

Eriocaulaceae Herb Nilgiris E(N) --

147. Eriocaulon.

panagudianum Eriocaulaceae Herb

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

148. Eriochrysis

rangacharii Fischer.


149. Eriochrysis

rangacharii Fischer.


150.

Eugenia calcadensis Myrtaceae Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

151.

Eugenia discifera

Myrtaceae

Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

152.

Eugenia floccosa

Myrtaceae

Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

153.

Eugenia rottleriana

Myrtaceae

Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

EN

154. Eugenia

singampattiana

Myrtaceae

Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

EN

155. Eulalia wightii

(Hook.f.) Bor.

Poaceae Herb Madurai E(P) --

156. Eulophia ramentacea

Lindl ex. Wight.

Orchidaceae Herb` Madurai E R

157. Euodia lunu-ankenda

var. tirunelvelica Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

158. Euonymus

paniculatatus Wight

Celastraceae Shrun Tirunelveli E(AG) R

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

ex. Lawson

159. Euphorbia santapaui

Henry.

Euphorbiaceae Tree Tirunelveli E(AG) CR

160.

Euphorbia vajravelui Euphorbiaceae Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

161. Exacm wightianum var.

uniflorum Gentianaceae Herb

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

162. Exacum pumilum

Griseb.

Gentianaceae Herb Coimbatore E --

163. Ficus angladei

Fischer.

Moraceae Tree Madurai. E(P) R

164. Fimbristylis aggregata

Fischer.

Cyperaceae Herb Coimbatore. E R

165. Fimbristylis

amplocarpa

Govindarajalu.

Cyperaceae Herb Palni Hills E(P) --

166. Fimbristylis contorta

Fischer.

Cyperaceae Herb Tirunelveli E(AG) R

167. Fimbristylis narayanii

Fischer.

Cyperaceae Herb Tirunelveli E(AG) --

168. Fimbristylis

paupercula Bockeler.

Cyperaceae Herb Madurai, Nilgiri,

Tirunelveli E --

169. Fimbristylis rectifolia

Govindarajalu.

Cyperaceae Herb Nilgiris E(N) --

170. Fimbristylis

rigidiuscula

Govindarajalu

Cyperaceae Herb Palni Hills E(P) --

171. Fimbristylis rugosa

Govindarajulu.

Cyperaceae Herb Kanniyakumari,

Madurai, Nilgiri E --

172. Fimbristylis

subtrabeculata Clarke.

Cyperaceae Herb Coimbatore E R

173. Flickingeria nodosa

(Dalz.) Seidenfaden.

Orchidaceae Herb Nilgiri, Salem,

Tirunelveli E --

174. Fuirena pubescens

(Lam.) Kunth. var.

pergamentacea

Fischer.

Cyperaceae Herb Coimbatore

Madurai. E R

175. Fuirena trilobites

Clarke.

Cyperaceae Herb Salem E R

176. Garnotia arundinacea

Hook. f.

Poaceae Herb Coimbatore, Nilgiri E --

177. Garnotia schmidii

Hook. f.


Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

178. Glyphochloa

forficulata (Fischer.)

Clayton.


179. Grewia pandaica

Drumm.

Tiliaceae Tree Tirunelveli E(AG) CR

180. Habenaria barnesii

Summerh.


181. Habenaria cephalotes

Lindl.


182. Habenaria denticulata

Reichb.


183. Habenaria digitata

Lindl. var.

travancorica (Hook. f)

Fischer.


Madurai E --

184. Habenaria elliptica

Wight.

Orchidaceae Herb Madurai, Nilgiri,

Tirunelveli E --

185. Habenaria elwesii

Hook.f.


186. Habenaria heyneana

Lindl.


Salem E --

187. Habenaria

hollandiana Sant.


188. Habenaria longicornu

Lindl.


Madurai, Nilgiri,

Salem,

Ramanathapuram,

Tirunelveli

E --

189. Habenaria

multicaudata Sedgw.


190. Habenaria ovalifolia

Benth.


Tirunelveli E --

191. Habenaria

perrottetiana A.Rich.


Kanniyakumari,

Madurai, Nilgiri

E --

192. Habenaria polyodon

Hook. f


193. Habenaria rariflora

A.Rich.


Madurai, Nilgiri,

Salem,

Ramanathapuram,

Tiruchirappalli

E --

194. Habenaria richardiana Orchidaceae Herb Coimbatore, Nilgiri E --

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

Wight.

195.

Hedyotis albonervia Rubiaceae Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

Vu

196. Hedyotis anamalayana

(Gamble) R.Rao &

Hemadri

Rubiaceae Shrub Anamalai Hills E(AN) --

197. Hedyotis barberi

(Gamble.) Henry &

Subram.

Rubiaceae Shrub Tirunelveli E(AG) EN

198. Hedyotis eulata

(Gamble.) Henry &

Subram var.

agastyamalayana

Henry & Subram.

Rubiaceae Shrub Kanniyakumari,


199. Hedyotis gamblei

Henry & Subram



200. Hedyotis hirsutissima

Bedd.

Rubiaceae Shrub Nilgiri E(N) R

201. Hedyotis lessertiana

Arn.

Rubiaceae Shrub Coimbatore. E R

202. Hedyotis purpuracens

Hook f.var.pallida

(Gamble) Mohanan.

Rubiaceae Shrub Tirunelveli E(AG) R

203. Hedyotis sisparaensis

Gage.


204. Hedyotis

villosostipulata

(Gamble) R.Rao &

Hemadri

Rubiaceae Shrub Kanniyakumari E(AG) EN

205. Hedyotis viscida Bedd. Rubiaceae Shrub Nilgiri, Tirunelveli E VU

206.

Helicia robusta Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

207. Helictotrichon

polyneurum (Hook.f.)

Henrard.


208. Helictotrichon

schmidii (Hook.f.)

Henrard.

Poaceae Herb Madurai, Nilgiri E R

209. Heracleum

hookerianum Wight &

Arn.

Umbelliferae Herb Nilgiri E(N) R

210. Heteropogon Poaceae Herb Coimbatore, E R

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

fischerianus Bor. Madurai

211. Heteropogon

polystachyos (Roxb.)

schultes.

Poaceae Herb Almost all districts E R

212.

Homalium jainii Flacourtiaceae Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

213.

Hopea utilis Gentianaceae Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

EN

214. Hoya kanyakumariana

Henry & Swamin.

Asclepiadaceae Herb Kanniyakumari E(AG) CR

215. Hybanthus

travancoricus Violaceae Herb

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

216. Impatiens travancorica

Bedd.

Balsaminaceae Herb Kanniyakumari

Tirunelveli E(AG) CR

217. Impatiens viscida

Wight.

Balsaminaceae Herb Madurai,

Tirunelveli E R

218. Indigofera barberi

Gamble.

Papilionaceae Shrub Salem, South Arcot. E R

219. Indigofera

tirunelvelica Fabaceae Herb

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

Vu

220. Indopoa paupercula

(Stapf.) Bor.


221. Indotristicha

tirunelveliana Sharma.

Podostemaceae Herb Tirunelveli E(AG) CR

222. Isachne angladei

Fischer.


Madurai E --

223. Isachne bourneorum

Fischer.


224. Isachne deccanensis

Bor.

Poaceae Herb Nilgiri E(N) --

225. Isachne elegans Dalz

ex. Hook.f.


226. Isachne oreades

(Domin)Bor.


227. Ischaemum flumineum

Bor.

Poaceae Herb Coimbatore. E EN

228. Ischaemum koenigii

(Hook.f.) Stapf ex.

Fischer.


229. Ischaemum

nilagiricum Hack.


Maduriai, Nilgiri, E --

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

Salem.

230. Ischaemum

rangacharianum

Fischer.

Poaceae Herb Thanjavur,

Tirunelveli E --

231. Ischaemum rugosum

Salisb.


Coimbatore, South

Arcot

E R

232. Ischaemum tumidum

Stapf ex. Bor.


233. Iseilema

anthephoroides Hack.


Ramanathapuram E --

234. Ixora monticlola

Gamble.

Rubiaceae Shrub Madurai E EN

235. Ixora saulierei

Gamble.

Rubiaceae Tree Madurai E(P) EN

236. Janakia arayalpathra

Joseph &

Chandrasekaran.

Periplocaceae Shrub Kanniyakumari,


237. Jatropha maheswarii

Subram & Nayar.

Euphorbiaceae Shrub Kanniyakumari,

Tirunelveli E --

238. Kaempferia

evansii.Blatt.

Zingiberaceae Palni Hills E(P) --

239. Kendrickia walkeri

Wight (Hook.F.) ex

Triana

Melastomataceae Shrub Anamalai Hills E(AN) --

240. Knoxia sumatrensis

(Retz.) DC.var.

hookeriana

Bhattacharjee

Rubiaceae Herb Tirunelveli E(AG) CR

241. Knoxia sumatrensis

(Retz.) DC.var.

linearis (Gamble)

Bhattacharjee.

Rubiaceae Herb Tirunelveli E(AG) EN

242. Lasianthus blumeanus

Wight.

Rubiaceae Shrub Tirunelveli E(AG) R

243. Lasianthus ciliatus

Wight.


244. Lasianthus cinereus

Gamble.


Tirunelveli E(AG) VU

245. Lasianthus

dichotomous Wight.

Rubiaceae Shrub Kanniyakumairi,

Tirunelveli E R

246. Lasianthus jackianus

Wight.

Rubiaceae Shrub Coimbatore, Nilgiri E R

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

247. Lasianthus lumeanus

Wight.

Rubiaceae Shrub Tirunelveli

E(AG) R

248. Lasianthus

oblongifolius Bedd.

Rubiaceae Shrub Tirunelveli E(AG) CR

249. Leucas lamifolia Desf. Labiatae Shrub Nilgiri E(N) --

250. Liparis beddomei

Ridley.

Orchidaceae Herb Madurai E(P) R

251. Liparis biloba Wight. Orchidaceae Herb Nilgiri, Salem E R

252. Liparis platyphylla

Ridley.


253. Lobelia courtallensis

K.K.N. Nair.

Lobeliaceae Shrub Tirunelveli E(AG) --

254. Loxoma maculata

(Dalz.) Garay.

Orchidaceae Herb Kanniyakumari E(AG) R

255. Luisia pulniana

Vatsala.

Orchidaceae Madurai. E R

256. Malaxis intermedia

(A.Rich.) Seidenfaden.

Orchidaceae Herb Madurai, Nilgiri E --

257. Marsdenia

tirunelvelica Henry &

Subram.

Asclepiadaceae Shrub Tirunelveli E(AG) EX

258. Memecylon flavescens

Gamble.

Melastomataceae Shrub Nilgiri E(N) EN

259. Memecylon molestum

(Clarke.) Cogn.

Melastomataceae Tree Coimbatore, Nilgiri, E --

260. Memecylon sisparense

Gamble.

Melastomataceae Shrub Nilgiri E(N) EN

261. Memecylon

subramanii Melastomataceae Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

EN

262.

Morinda reticulata Rubiaceae Climber

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

EN

263. Neanotis monosperma

(Wall ex. Wight &

Arn) W.H. Lewis var.

tirunrlvelica

Rubiaceae Herb Tiunelveli E(AG) EN

264. Oberonia

anamalayana Joseph.

Orchidaceae Herb Coimbatore E --

265. Oberonia brunoniana

Wight.


Salem. E --

266. Oberonia platycaulon

Wight.

Orchidaceae Herb Madurai, Nilgiri. E R

267. Oberonia proudlockii Orchidaceae Herb Nilgiri, Salem E R

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

King & Pantl.

268. Oberonia santapaui

Kapdia.


Kanniyakumari,

Madurai, Nilgiri,

Salem, Tirunelveli

E --

269. Oberonia sebastiana

Shetty & Vivek.

Orchidaceae Herb Coimbatore E --

270. Oberonia wightiana

Lindl var nilgirensis

R.Ansari N.C.Nair &

V.J. Nair.


271. Oberonia wightiana

Lindl var. arnottiana

(Wight.) R. Ansari.


272. Ochlandra beddomei

Gamble.

Poaceae Herb Almost all districts E EN

273. Ochlandra scriptoria

(Dennst.) Fischer. Var.

sivagiriana (Gamble.)

Fischer.

Poaceae Herb Madurai and

Ramanathapuram,

Tiruchirappalli

E EN

274. Ochlandra

travancorica Benth ex.

Gamble.


Tirunelveli E --

275. Ophiorrhiza incarnata

Fischer.

Rubiaceae Shrub Nilgiri E(N) EN

276. Ophiorrhiza

pykarensis Gamble.

Rubiaceae Shrub Nilgiri E(N) EN

277. Ophiorrhiza

tirunelvelica Hendry &

Subram.

Rubiaceae Herb Kanniyakumari,


278. Oropetium

roxburghiuanum

(Steud.) S.Phillips.


279. Orthosiphon

rubicandus (D.Don)

Benth. var.

hohenackeri Hook.f.

Labiatae Herb Nilgiri. E(N) --

280. Oryza officinalis Wall

ex. Watt subsp.

malampuzhaensis

(Krishnaswami &

Chandrasekarnan)


Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

Tateoka.

281. Oxytenanthera

monadelpha (Thw.)

Alston.

Poaceae Shrub Coimbatore,

Madurai, Nilgiri,

Tirunelveli

E --

282. Oxytenanthera ritcheyi

(Munro.) Blatter &

McCann.

Poaceae Shrub Coimbatore,

Tamilnadu E R

283. Palaquium

bourdillonii Sapotaceae Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

284. Panicum fischeri Bor. Poaceae Herb Nilgiri, Tirunelveli E R

285. Paphiopedilum druryi

(Bedd.) pfitz.

Orchidaceae Herb Tirunelveli E(AG) CR

286. Paspalum canarae

(Steud.) Veldk.


287. Peper barberi Gamble. Piperaceae Climber Kanniyakumari,

Tirunelveli E EN

288. Peristylus

brachyphyllus A. Rich

Orchidaceae Herb Coimbatore, Nilgiri E --

289. Peucedanum

anamallayense Clarke.

Umbelliferae Herb Coimbatore,

Madurai E R

290. Phyllanthus macraei

Mull.Arg. var. hispidus

Euphorbiaceae Shrub Palni Hills E(P) --

291. Phyllanthus

singampattianus Euphorbiaceae Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

292. Phyllocephalum

sengaltherianum Asteraceae Herb

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

293. Pimpinella pulneyensis

Gamble

Umbelliferae Herb Madurai E R

294.

Piper barberi Piperaceae Climber

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

295. Piper schmidtii Hook.

f.

Piperaceae Shrub Nilgiri E --

296. Pittosporum

anamallayense Nayar

& Giri.

Pittosporaceae Shrub Coimbatore E --

297. Pittosporum viridulum

Nayar, Giri &

Chandrasekaran

Pittosporaceae Tree Nilgiris E(N) --

298. Plectranthus

bishopianus Gamble

Lamiaceae Shrub Palni Hills E(P) --

299. Poa gamblei Bor. Poaceae Herb Nilgiri E(N) R

300. Poeciloneuron

pauciflorum Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

EN

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

301.

Pogostemon hedgi Lamiaceae Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

302. Pogostemon

nilagiricus Gamble.

Labiatae Herb Nilgiri E(N) EN

303. Pogostemon paludosus

Benth.

Labiatae Herb Nilgiri E(N) R

304. Porpax reticulata

Lindl.


305. Premna glaberrima

Wight.

Verbenaceae Shrub Tirunelveli E(AG) EN

306. Premna

mundanthuraiensis Verbenaceae Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

EN

307. Proteroceras holtumii

Joseph & Vajravelu.

Orchidaceae Coimbatore E --

308. Pseudanthistiria

heteroclita (Roxb.)

Hook.f.

Poaceae Herb Nilgiri E(N) --

309. Pseudoglochidion

anamalayanum

Gamble.

Euphorbiaceae Shrub Coimbatore E(AN) --

310. Psychotria

globicephala Gamble.

Rubiaceae Shrub Tirunelveli E(AG) EN

311.

Rhyncosia jacobii Herb

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

312. Robiquetia josephiana

Manilal & Satish

Kumar.

Orchidaceae Tree Coimbatore, Nilgiri,

Ramanathapuram E R

313.

Rostellularia simplex Acanthaceae Herb

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

314. Salacia beddomei

Gamble.

Celastraceae Shrub Coimbatore E R

315. Santapaua madurensis

Balakr & Subram.

Acanthaceae Herb Madurai E(P) EN

316. Schoenorchis

jerdoniana (Wight.)

Garay.

Orchidaceae Tree Coimbatore,

Kanniyakumari,

Madurai, Salem,

Tirunelveli

E R

317. Sehima sulcatum

(Hack.) A.Camus.

Poaceae Herb Coimbatore E --

318. Sirhookera latifolia

(Wight.) Kuntze.

Orchidaceae Tree Coimbatore,

Kanniyakumari,

Tirunelveli

E --

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

319. Solanum vagum Heyne

ex. Nees.

Solanaceae Shrub Ramanathapuram,

Tirunelveli E --

320. Sonerila elegans

Wight.

Melastomataceae Herb Coimbatore, Nilgiri E --

321. Sonerila

kanniyakumariana Melastomataceae Herb

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

EN

322. Sonerila pulneyensis

Gamble.

Melastomataceae Herb Madurai E R

323.

Sonerila sadasivanii Melastomataceae Herb

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

Vu

324. Spiranthes sinensis

(Pers.) Ames. var.

wightiana


325. Spodiopogon

rhizophorus (Steud.)

Pilger.


326. Stenosiphonium

wightii Bremek.

Acanthaceae Shrub Tirunelveli E(AG) EN

327. Streblochaete

sanjappae

K.A.A.Kabeer &

V.J.Nair sp. Nov.


328. Symplocos

macrocarpa Wight ex.

Clarke subsp.

kanarana (Talbot.)

Nooeb.

Symplocaceae Tree Coimbatore,

Tirunelveli E --

329. Symplocos

macrocarpa Wight ex.

Clarke subsp.

macrocarpa (Talbot.)

Nooeb.

Symplocaceae Tree Kanniyakumari,

Tirunelveli E R

330. Symplocos macrophylla

ssp. rosea Symplocaceae Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

Ex

331. Symplocos

macrophylla Wall ex.

A. DC subsp.

microphylla (Wight.)

Nooteb.

Symplocaceae Shrub Nilgiri E --

332. Symplocos monantha

Wight

Symplocaceae Shrub Tirunelveli E(AG) EN

333. Symplocos nairii Symplocaceae Shrub/small Agasthiyamalai E(AG) --

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

tree Hills

334.

Symplocos oligandra

Symplocaceae

Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

335. Symplocos pulchra ssp.

coriacea

Symplocaceae

Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

336. Symplocos pulchra

Wight.

Symplocaceae Shrub Nilgiri E(N) --

337.

Syzygium beddomei Myrtaceae Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

338.

Syzygium gambelianum Myrtaceae Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

339.

Syzygium myhandrae Myrtaceae Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

Ex

340.

Syzygium rama-varmae Myrtaceae Tree

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

341. Syzygium. zeylanicum

var. ellipticum Myrtaceae Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

EN

342. Teinostachyum

beddomei Fischer.

Poaceae Shrub Coimbatore, Nilgiri E R

343. Teucirum

plectranthouides

Gamble.

Labiatae Herb Tirunelveli E(AG) --

344. Teucrium

plectranthoides Labiate Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

345. Teucrium wightii Hook

.f.

Labiatae Herb Nilgiri E(N) --

346. Thrixspermum

muscaeflorum A.S.Rao

& Joseph.var.

nilagiricum


347. Thunbergia bicolor

(Wight.) Lindau.

Thunbergiaceae Climber Nilgiri E(N) --

348.

Toxocarpus beddomei Asclepiadaceae Climber

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

349. Toxocarpus beddomei

Gamble.

Asclepiadaceae Climber Tirunelveli E(AG) EN

350. Trias stocksii Benth

ex. Hook.f.


Kanniyakumari E R

351. Tripogon jacquemontii

Stapf.

Poaceae Herb Coimbatore, Nilgiri,

Tirunelveli E R

352. Tripogon lisboae

Stapf.


353. Tripogon pungens Poaceae Herb Coimbatore, E R

Sl.

No


Status

Red

list

status

Fischer. Madurai

354. Tripogon wightii Hook

.f.


355. Tylophora multiflora

(Wight & Arn.)

Alston.

Asclepiadaceae Shrub Nilgiri E(N) R

356. Tylophora subramanii

Henry.

Asclepiadaceae Shrub Coimbatore,

Kanniyakumari,

Tirunelveli

E --

357. Vanilla walkeriae

Wight.

Orchidaceae Shrub Coimbatore, Nilgiri,

Salem E R

358. Vanilla wightiana

Lindle.

Orchidaceae Climber Kanniyakumari,

Salem E R

359.

Vernonia gossypiana Asteraceae Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

CR

360. Vernonia heynei

Asteraceae Shrub

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG) --

361. Vernonia

peninsularensis var.

kodayarensis Asteraceae Herb

Agasthiyamalai

Hills E(AG)

EN

362. Vernonia

pulneyenisGamble.

Asteraceae Herb Palni Hills E(P) --

363. Vetiveria lawsonii

(Hook.f.) Blatter &

McCann.


364. Wrightia indica

Nagan.

Apocynaceae Shrub Madras, Coonoor,

Hosur Dharmapuri, E --

365. Zenkeria sebastinei

Henry & Chandrabose.

Poaceae Herb Tirunelveli E(AG) CR

Note: E: Endemic species , E(AG): Endemic to Agasthiyamalai, E(AN): Endemic to Anamalai

E(N) : Endemic to Nilgiri, E(P): Endemic to Palni, EN : Endangered species

R : Rare species CR : Critically Endangered, Vu : Vulnerable, Ex: Extinct

Download - Endemic Plants of Tamil Nadu - tnenvis.nic.intnenvis.nic.in/writereaddata/Endemic Plants of Tamil Nadu.pdf · ENDEMIC FLORA OF TAMIL NADU I. INTRODUCTION Endemism encompasses taxonomic

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