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THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JVSHORTENING PREDICTION
PREDICTION OF AXIAL SHORTENING
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April 09 THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JVSHORTENING PREDICTION 2
Introduction
This presentation is intended to
shed the light on the nature of
the Shortening criterion in concrete, themethod of prediction
and application of information.
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April 09 THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JVSHORTENING PREDICTION 3
TYPES OF SHORTENING
Elastic shortening (instant)
Shrinkage
- Drying shrinkage (instant)- Autogenous shrinkage(time dependant).
Creep (time dependant)
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April 09 THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JVSHORTENING PREDICTION 4
FACTORS AFFECTING SHORTENING
1 ELASTIC SHORTENING
Strength of concrete.
Age of loading.
Magnitude of loading
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April 09 THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JVSHORTENING PREDICTION 5
FACTORS AFFECTING SHORTENING
2 SHRINKAGE
Ambient humidity.
Dimensions of element.
Composition of concrete.
SHRINKAGE DOES NOT DEPEND ON LOADING
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April 09THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 6
FACTORS AFFECTING SHORTENING
3 CREEP
Ambient humidity.
Dimensions of element. Composition of concrete.
Strength of concrete.
Magnitude of sustained load.
Age of loading.
CREEP IS DEPENDANT ON SUSTAINED LOADING
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April 09THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 7
MONITORED OBJECTS
Shortening is being predicted
and monitored for all VerticalStructural Elements,
That is:
COLUMNSand
COREWALL ELEMENTS
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April 09THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 8
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April 09THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 9
LETS LOOK AGAIN AT THAT LAST IMAGE.
Long term Shortening yet to take place AFTER PLACEMENT is the key figure
to assess impact.
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April 09THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 10
LONG TERM SHORTENING YET TO TAKE PLACE AFTER PLACEMENT
Long term Cumulative shortening for a column atlevel 30, starts well before placement date.
Long term cumulative shortening yet to take placeat that point equals:
Long term cumulative shortening at that point LESSInterim Cumulative Shortening that has alreadytaken place at time of pouring the slab.
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April 09THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 11
WE NEED TO AGREE ON THE DEFINITION OF THE TERMS
JUST MENTIONED:
Final floor Shortening: FFSIs the final (30+ years) shortening for a VSE at a given level.
Final Cumulative Shortening FCS:Is the final (30 + years) and cumulative shortening for all the VSEsunderneath a point at a given level.
Interim Cumulative Shortening ICS:Is the cumulative shortening for all the VSEs underneath a TargetPoint at a given time.
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April 09THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 12
MORE DEFINITIONS
LEVEL ADJUSTMENT:
Floor slab should be constructed to a higher level than that designedsuch that design level would be reached to upon completion of finalshortening.
Adjustment at a given level should be equal to the Cumulative
Shortening yet to take place for all columns underneath that levelfrom the date of slab placement and for 30 years to come afterloading completion.
Level Adjustment = Final (30 Y) Cumulative Shortening at the point lessthe Interim Cumulative Shortening at time of placement = FCS ICS.
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April 09THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 13
WHY DO WE NEED TO PREDICT SHORTENING ?.
To determine the level adjustment amount.
To assess the impact on interfacing structures.
To establish construction tolerance in interfacing
installations (cladding, pipe risers, vertical railing ..etc).
To assess the impact of column / core wall differentialshortening on the structure.
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April 09THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 14
CALCULATION METHODOLOGY
The magnitude of long term elastic,shrinkage and creep strains has been
calculated as per the provisions of BS EN
1992-1-1:2004.
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April 09THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 15
PREDICTION METHODOLOGY 1 - ANALYSIS PARAMETERS
SHORTENING CALCULATIONS TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF "EUROCODE 2, BS EN 1992-1-1:2004
RH Relative Humidity % age
HA coefficient depending on the relative
1.5[1+(.012 RH)18] ho + 250 3 , 35
t0 Age of concrete at loading
c Compressive stress applied at age to
ho Section notional size = 2 Area / Perimeter
t Age of concrete at the moment)
t-t0 Non-adjusted duration of loading
cc(t)Cefficient for the calculation of
exp{s[1-(28/t)1/2]} = e{s[1-(28/t)]}
compressive strength fcm(t) at age t
fcm(t) Compressive strength at age t cc(t). fcm
Ecm Concrete secant modulus of elasticity 22 (fcm/10)0.3
Ecm(t) Tangent Modulus of Elasticity at age "t" [fcm(t) / fcm]0.3 .Ecm
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April 09THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 16
PREDICTION METHODOLOGY 2 - ELASTIC SHORTENING
et Elastic strain at time "t" c / Ecm(t)
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JVSHORTENING PREDICTION 17
PREDICTION METHODOLOGY 3 - DRYING SHRINKAGE
RHCoefficient related to relative
humidity1.55 [1 - (RH/RH
O)3]
ds1 Coefficient depends on cement type
ds2 Coefficient depends on cement type
cd.0 Basic drying shrinkage strain0.85[(220+110.ds1).
exp(-ds2.fcm/fcmo)].RH/10
6
ds(t,ts)(t-t
s)
(t-ts)+0.04
ho3
kh Coefficient depending on "ho" Equals 0.7 for ho =>500
cd (t) Long term drying shrinkage ds(t,ts).kh.cd.0ca () 2.5(fck-10)10
6
as(t) 1 - exp(-2t0.5)ca (t) The autogenous shrinkage as(t) . ca ()
cs Total shrinkage strain cd +ca
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JVSHORTENING PREDICTION 18
PREDICTION METHODOLOGY 4 - CREEP
Ec Tangent Modulus of Elasticity. 1.05 Ecm
1 12,3 are coefficients to (35/fcm)0.7
2 consider the influence of the (35/fcm
)0.2
3 concrete strength on the creep strain. (35/fcm
)0.5
(to) A factor allowing for age of loading effect. 1 / (0.1 + to0.2)
(fcm)A factor to allow for the effect of concrete 16.8
strength on the notional creep coefficient fcm
(t,to) A coefficient to count time effect [(t-t0) / (H + t - t0)]0.3
RH A factor to allow for the effect of humidity. [1+(1-RH/100).1/(0.1 ho^0.333)].2
0 Notional creep coefficient RH . (fcm). ((t0)
t,to The creep coefficient. . c(t,to)
cct,to Creep deformation (strain) at time "t" t,tocEc
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JVSHORTENING PREDICTION 19
THE MASTER SPREADSHEET
Data base for geometric, material and loading information for eachcolumn / corewall element, including the construction schedule,
has been entered into a Master Spreadsheet.
Cells of the Master Spreadsheet encapsulate the formulae needed tocalculate the strain in the column corresponding to followingloadings imposed by floor slabs supported by the column:
SWL : Self Weight Load.
SDL : Super-imposed Dead Load.
SLL : Super-imposed Live Load.
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JVSHORTENING PREDICTION 20
MASTER SPREAD SHEET - INSERTING CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 21
MASTER SPREAD SHEET - INSERTING COLUMN PROPERTIES
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 22
MASTER SPREAD SHEET PART 1
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 23
MASTER SPREAD SHEET PART 2
DETAIL A
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 24
MASTER SPREAD SHEET DETAIL A
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 25
MASTER SPREAD SHEET GETTING A SHORTENING VALUE ON A GIVEN DATE
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 26
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 27
LEVEL ADJUSTMENT ACHIEVED
To determine the level
adjustment amount.
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 28
MASTER SPREAD SHEET GETTING A COLUMN PROFILE AT A GIVEN LEVEL
PREDICTED PROFILE FOR C1- L 30 TOP
-60.00
-50.00
-40.00
-30.00
-20.00
-10.00
0.00
28-Jan-08
28-Feb-08
28-Mar-08
28-Apr-08
28-May-08
28-Jun-08
28-Jul-08
28-Aug-08
28-Sep-08
28-Oct-08
28-Nov-08
28-Dec-08
28-Jan-09
28-Feb-09
28-Mar-09
28-Apr-09
28-May-09
28-Jun-09
28-Jul-09
28-Aug-09
28-Sep-09
28-Oct-09
28-Nov-09
28-Dec-09
28-Jan-10
28-Feb-10
28-Mar-10
28-Apr-10
28-May-10
PREDICTED
FINALMEASURED
CHART NO. C3-L30-04009-01 COLUMN C3 POINT AT L 30 DATE 3-Jun-08
A
MAS
PROFILE AT L-1
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April09
TH
ELANDMARK
ABU
DHABI
ALHABTOOR
CCC
JV
SHO
RTENINGPRE
DICTION
TERSPRE
ADSHEETIMP
ACTOFSHORTE
NINGONINTERFACINGSTRUCTURES(THEC
-70.00
-60.00
-50.00
-40.00
-30.00
-20.00
-10.00
0.00
9-Feb-08
9-Mar-08
9-Apr-08
9-May-08
9-Jun-08
9-Jul-08
9-Aug-08
9-Sep-08
9-Oct-08
9-Nov-08
9-Dec-08
9-Jan-09
9-Feb-09
9-Mar-09
9-Apr-09
9-May-09
9-Jun-09
9-Jul-09
9-Aug-09
9-Sep-09
9-Oct-09
9-Nov-09
9-Dec-09
9-Jan-10
9-Feb-10
9-Mar-10
9-Apr-10
-140.00
-120.00
-100.00
-80.00
-60.00
-40.00
-20.00
0.00
26-Apr-08
26-May-08
26-Jun-08
26-Jul-08
26-Aug-08
26-Sep-08
26-Oct-08
26-Nov-08
26-Dec-08
26-Jan-09
26-Feb-09
26-Mar-09
26-Apr-09
26-May-09
26-Jun-09
26-Jul-09
26-Aug-09
26-Sep-09
26-Oct-09
26-Nov-09
26-Dec-09
26-Jan-10
26-Feb-10
26-Mar-10
26-Apr-10
A B
PROFILE AT L-7
INTERFACING
STRUCTURE
LONG
TERMDIMENSIO
NALCHANGE
H=AB
=4.9mm
INTERFACING
INSTALLATION
14APR
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 30
IMPACT ON INTERFACING STRUCTURES ASSESSED.
To determine the level adjustmentamount.
To assess the impact on interfacingstructures.
A
MASTPROFILE AT L-36 PROFILE AT L-35
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April09
TH
ELANDMARK
ABU
DHABI
ALHABTOOR
CCC
JV
SHO
RTENINGPRE
DICTION
TERSPRE
ADSHEETIMP
ACTOFSHORTE
NINGONINTERF
ACINGINSTALLATIONS(CUR
-300.00
-250.00
-200.00
-150.00
-100.00
-50.00
0.00
4-Dec-08
4-Jan-09
4-Feb-09
4-Mar-09
4-Apr-09
4-May-09
4-Jun-09
4-Jul-09
4-Aug-09
4-Sep-09
4-Oct-09
4-Nov-09
4-Dec-09
4-Jan-10
4-Feb-10
4-Mar-10
4-Apr-10
4-May-10
4-Jun-10
4-Jul-10
4-Aug-10
4-Sep-10
4-Oct-10
4-Nov-10
A
B
INTERFACING
STRUCTURE
LONG
TERMDIMENSIO
NALCHANGE
H=AB
=2.1mm
INTERFACING
INSTALL
ATION
COMPLETION
20APRIL2010
-350.00
-300.00
-250.00
-200.00
-150.00
-100.00
-50.00
0.00
24-Dec-08
24-Jan-09
24-Feb-09
24-Mar-09
24-Apr-09
24-May-09
24-Jun-09
24-Jul-09
24-Aug-09
24-Sep-09
24-Oct-09
24-Nov-09
24-Dec-09
24-Jan-10
24-Feb-10
24-Mar-10
24-Apr-10
24-May-10
24-Jun-10
24-Jul-10
24-Aug-10
24-Sep-10
24-Oct-10
A
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 32
CONSTRUCTION TOLERANCE IN INTERFACING INSTALLATION VERIFIED
To determine the level adjustment amount.
To assess the impact on interfacingstructures.
To establish construction tolerancein interfacing installations (cladding,pipe risers, vertical railing ..etc) .
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 33
THE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Information extracted from various Master Spreadsheets has
been classified sorted in 5 schedules A through E.
These schedules were listed in an Implementation Duty
Matrix along with a listing for their
functions and concerned parties.
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THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 34
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 35
SCHEDULE A
A summary for30 years final
cumulative
shortening
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 36
SCHEDULE B
Balance Final
CumulativeShortening yet
to take place
after placement
of VSEs
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 37
SCHEDULE
C
Change in
inter-floor
height
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 38
SCHEDULE D
Floor level
adjustment
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 39
SCHEDULE E
Differential
shorteningbetween
corewall &
columns at
pivots.
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 40
COLUMN / COREWALL DIFFERENTIAL SHORTENING COMPUTED.
To determine the level adjustment amount.
To assess the impact on interfacingstructures.
To establish construction tolerance ininterfacing installations (cladding, piperisers, vertical railing ..etc) .
To assess the impact of column /core wall differential shortening onthe structure.
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April 09
THE LANDMARK ABU DHABI ALHABTOOR CCC JV
SHORTENING PREDICTION 41
THIS IS THE END OF THE PRESENTATION
Thank you very much for listening..
I shall be ready for your question after
viewing a Master Spreadsheet.
M.H.