![Page 1: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Engine MaintenanceEngine Maintenance
Chapter 2Chapter 2
Inboard Spark Ignition Inboard Spark Ignition EnginesEngines
Part 1Part 1
![Page 2: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
22
Objectives for the StudentObjectives for the Student
1.Have a good understanding of the component parts of the marine gasoline engine and how these parts work together to perform the useful function of propelling the boat
2.Have knowledge of the fuel, cooling, exhaust, lubrication, ignition, and electrical systems needed for the engine to function properly
![Page 3: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
33
What’s Covered in This ChapterWhat’s Covered in This Chapter
Engine ComponentsEngine Components engine blockengine block cylinders and cylinder headscylinders and cylinder heads crankshaft, pistons, and connecting crankshaft, pistons, and connecting
rodsrods valve trainvalve train manifoldsmanifolds
Associated Systems Required for Associated Systems Required for OperationOperation fuel systemsfuel systems cooling systemscooling systems exhaust systemsexhaust systems lubrication systemslubrication systems ignition systemsignition systems electrical and starting systemselectrical and starting systems
![Page 4: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
44
Engine ComponentsEngine Components
A compressed fuel/air mixture is ignitedA compressed fuel/air mixture is ignited
Burning mixture increases in temperature and Burning mixture increases in temperature and pressurepressure
Expansion of gas is converted to linear piston Expansion of gas is converted to linear piston motionmotion
Crank converts linear motion to rotary motionCrank converts linear motion to rotary motion
![Page 5: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
55
Engine ComponentsEngine Components
Engine BlockEngine Block largest single component largest single component
of an inboard spark of an inboard spark ignition engineignition engine
principle purpose Is to principle purpose Is to enclose the cylinders and enclose the cylinders and provide support for the provide support for the crankshaftcrankshaft
may be either Inline, Vee, may be either Inline, Vee, or Opposed in design or Opposed in design
A Vee Type Engine Block. The Crankshaft Is Not Shown
![Page 6: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
66
Engine ComponentsEngine Components
CylindersCylinders perfectly round perfectly round
holes in the engine holes in the engine blockblock
sides are finely sides are finely finished to a finished to a smooth surfacesmooth surface
pistons ride up and pistons ride up and down inside the down inside the cylinderscylinders
Cut Away of an Engine Block to Show the Cylinders.
![Page 7: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
77
Engine ComponentsEngine Components Engine Cylinder Engine Cylinder
ConfigurationsConfigurations InlineInline
VeeVee
OpposedOpposed
Diagram of a 6 Cylinder InlineEngine Block with Last Two Cylinders Cut Away
Cut Away Drawing of a V-8 Engine
The Opposed Engine is basically a flattened vee design. It is sometimes referred to as a "pancake engine"
![Page 8: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
88
CrankshaftCrankshaft
Primary Rotating Primary Rotating ComponentComponent
Converts Converts Reciprocating Reciprocating Motion to Rotary Motion to Rotary MotionMotion
High-Tensile SteelHigh-Tensile Steel
![Page 9: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
99
Piston, Rings, Connecting RodPiston, Rings, Connecting Rod
PistonsPistons pushed down by pushed down by
burning fuelburning fuel top is part of the top is part of the
combustion combustion chamberchamber
RingsRings seal piston within seal piston within
cylindercylinder Connecting RodsConnecting Rods
connect piston to connect piston to crankshaftcrankshaft
![Page 10: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
1010
Engine ComponentsEngine Components
Flywheel (on Flywheel (on transmission end transmission end of crankshaft)of crankshaft) maintains maintains
momentum momentum between power between power strokesstrokes
Vibration Damper Vibration Damper (on other end of (on other end of crankshaft)crankshaft) offsets torsional offsets torsional
vibrationvibration
![Page 11: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
1111
Oil PanOil Pan
Oil Reservoir Oil Reservoir on Bottom of on Bottom of Engine BlockEngine Block
![Page 12: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
1212
CamshaftCamshaft
Provides TimingProvides Timing intake and intake and
exhaust valvesexhaust valves either spark plug either spark plug
or fuel injectoror fuel injector Rotates (chain or Rotates (chain or
gear driven)gear driven) 4-cycle engines: 4-cycle engines:
at half crankshaft at half crankshaft speedspeed
2-cycle engines: 2-cycle engines: at crankshaft at crankshaft speedspeed
![Page 13: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
1313
ValvesValves
Intake and Exhaust Valves Open into CylindersIntake and Exhaust Valves Open into Cylinders Most are Opened by Camshaft Pressure and Most are Opened by Camshaft Pressure and
Closed by Strong SpringClosed by Strong Spring
![Page 14: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
1414
ManifoldsManifolds
IntakeIntake carburetor to cylinder head (induction)carburetor to cylinder head (induction)
ExhaustExhaust exhaust block (exhaust valves) to mufflerexhaust block (exhaust valves) to muffler exhaust elbow is raw water cooledexhaust elbow is raw water cooled
![Page 15: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
1515
Summary – Engine ComponentsSummary – Engine Components
Major Marine Engine ComponentsMajor Marine Engine Components crankcase or cylinder blockcrankcase or cylinder block cylinders and cylinder headscylinders and cylinder heads crankshaftcrankshaft pistons, rings, connecting rodspistons, rings, connecting rods flywheel, vibration damperflywheel, vibration damper oil panoil pan camshaftcamshaft valvesvalves manifoldsmanifolds
![Page 16: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
1616
Associated SystemsAssociated Systems
Fuel SystemFuel System Cooling SystemCooling System Exhaust SystemExhaust System Lubrication SystemLubrication System Ignition SystemIgnition System Electrical and Starting SystemsElectrical and Starting Systems
![Page 17: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
1717
Fuel SystemFuel System
Gasoline is the Fuel for Inboard Spark Gasoline is the Fuel for Inboard Spark Ignition EnginesIgnition Engines
Gasoline is Mixed with Oxygen (Air) Gasoline is Mixed with Oxygen (Air) Before It Enters the Combustion Before It Enters the Combustion ChamberChamber
Work Done Depends on Heat Obtained Work Done Depends on Heat Obtained from Burning the Fuelfrom Burning the Fuel
![Page 18: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
1818
Fuel SystemFuel System
Gasoline is Ranked by Octane NumberGasoline is Ranked by Octane Number Higher octane number burns at higher Higher octane number burns at higher
temperaturetemperature Higher octane number provides a stable, Higher octane number provides a stable,
controlled burncontrolled burn Low octane sometimes ignites Low octane sometimes ignites
prematurely, resulting in “pinging” or prematurely, resulting in “pinging” or “knocking”“knocking”
![Page 19: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
1919
Fuel SystemFuel System
When RefuelingWhen Refueling close all hatches and extinguish all flamesclose all hatches and extinguish all flames good contact between nozzle and fuel pipegood contact between nozzle and fuel pipe
Fuel TankFuel Tank properly installed and well ventedproperly installed and well vented periodically inspected for fuel leaksperiodically inspected for fuel leaks
BilgesBilges run blowers for at least 5 minutes before starting enginerun blowers for at least 5 minutes before starting engine before starting gas engines, sniff bilge for gas fumesbefore starting gas engines, sniff bilge for gas fumes
Safety Precautions With Gasoline
![Page 20: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
2020
Fuel SystemFuel System
Components of the Fuel Components of the Fuel SystemSystem carburetors or fuel injection carburetors or fuel injection
systemsystem fuel pumpfuel pump fuel filterfuel filter
CarburetorCarburetor vaporizes gasolinevaporizes gasoline throttle controls fuel volumethrottle controls fuel volume
SimplifiedCarburetor
![Page 21: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
2121
Fuel SystemFuel System Electronic Fuel InjectionElectronic Fuel Injection
delivers more power than carburetorsdelivers more power than carburetors fuel is metered into the air intake streamfuel is metered into the air intake stream controlled by several sensorscontrolled by several sensors
![Page 22: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
2222
Fuel SystemFuel System Fuel PumpsFuel Pumps
mechanical low pressure diaphragmmechanical low pressure diaphragm may be electricmay be electric
Intake
Discharge
![Page 23: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
2323
Fuel SystemFuel System Flame ArrestorsFlame Arrestors
grid of closely space metal louvers, which allow free grid of closely space metal louvers, which allow free air flow but immediately extinguish any flameair flow but immediately extinguish any flame
Flame Arrestors are Required by Federal Law (all Flame Arrestors are Required by Federal Law (all boats manufactured after 1948)boats manufactured after 1948) even on fuel injected gasoline engineseven on fuel injected gasoline engines
![Page 24: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
2424
Cooling SystemsCooling Systems Proper CoolingProper Cooling
temperatures above:temperatures above: 400 F (204 C) may break down lubrication400 F (204 C) may break down lubrication 500 F (260 C) may burn valve seats500 F (260 C) may burn valve seats
aluminum begins to lose its strengthaluminum begins to lose its strength Water in Water Jacket Removes 90% of Water in Water Jacket Removes 90% of
Waste HeatWaste Heat Lubrication in Engine Removes 10% of Lubrication in Engine Removes 10% of
Waste HeatWaste Heat Must Have Airflow Outside of EngineMust Have Airflow Outside of Engine Overcooling May Cause Poor Lubrication Overcooling May Cause Poor Lubrication
and Alter Engine Clearancesand Alter Engine Clearances
![Page 25: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
2525
Cooling SystemsCooling Systems Direct (or Open) CoolingDirect (or Open) Cooling
engine is cooled by seawaterengine is cooled by seawater disadvantage: engine exposed to raw (salt) disadvantage: engine exposed to raw (salt)
waterwater Indirect (or Closed) CoolingIndirect (or Closed) Cooling
engine is cooled by coolantengine is cooled by coolant mixture of antifreeze and clean (distilled) mixture of antifreeze and clean (distilled)
waterwater coolant is then cooled by seawater in heat coolant is then cooled by seawater in heat
exchangerexchanger disadvantage: requires heat exchangerdisadvantage: requires heat exchanger
![Page 26: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
2626
Cooling SystemsCooling Systems
Direct
Simplified Schematic
![Page 27: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
2727
Cooling SystemsCooling Systems
Indirect(note heat exchanger)
Simplified Schematic
![Page 28: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
2828
Cooling SystemsCooling Systems
Keel Cooler
![Page 29: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
2929
PumpsPumps Normally belt driven from engineNormally belt driven from engine
Cooling SystemsCooling Systems
Impeller(Rotary)
Centrifugal
Gear
![Page 30: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
3030
Cooling SystemCooling System ThermostatThermostat
temperature-sensitive device used to temperature-sensitive device used to maintain correct operating temperaturemaintain correct operating temperature
Ratings: 145 F (63 C) and 195 F (90 C)Ratings: 145 F (63 C) and 195 F (90 C) fully open at approximately 20 F (11 C) over fully open at approximately 20 F (11 C) over
ratingrating
![Page 31: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
3131
Exhaust SystemsExhaust Systems
Exhaust Gases are Extremely Hot and Exhaust Gases are Extremely Hot and PoisonousPoisonous
Two Types of Exhaust: Wet and DryTwo Types of Exhaust: Wet and Dry wet is preferred and safestwet is preferred and safest
Exhaust System Must Not Ingest WaterExhaust System Must Not Ingest Water anti-siphon break (vacuum valve)anti-siphon break (vacuum valve)
Exhaust Mixing Elbow
![Page 32: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
3232
Exhaust SystemsExhaust Systems Sailboat Exhaust Risers are Normally Below Sailboat Exhaust Risers are Normally Below
Waterline (especially when heeling)Waterline (especially when heeling) In Such a Case, an Anti-Siphon Valve is Needed In Such a Case, an Anti-Siphon Valve is Needed
to Let Air into the Exhaust Line (break vacuum)to Let Air into the Exhaust Line (break vacuum)
Typical Sailboat Typical Inboard Powerboat
Elbow below water line; may permit siphoning of seawater into engine
Elbow above water line; no siphoning effect
![Page 33: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
3333
Lubrication SystemsLubrication Systems
Purpose of OilPurpose of Oil Characteristics of OilCharacteristics of Oil Lubrication SystemsLubrication Systems Oil PumpsOil Pumps Oil FiltersOil Filters Compounds and SealsCompounds and Seals
![Page 34: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
3434
Lubrication SystemsLubrication Systems
Purpose of OilPurpose of Oil oil reduces friction between moving partsoil reduces friction between moving parts
PurposePurpose lubrication – slippery surface between lubrication – slippery surface between
moving partsmoving parts seal – between piston rings and cylinder seal – between piston rings and cylinder
surfacesurface cool – especially bearingscool – especially bearings clean – contaminants held in suspensionclean – contaminants held in suspension
![Page 35: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
3535
Lubrication SystemsLubrication Systems Characteristics of OilCharacteristics of Oil
Viscosity and DetergencyViscosity and Detergency viscosity is the oil’s resistance to flowviscosity is the oil’s resistance to flow changes with temperaturechanges with temperature SAE numbers: the lower the number, the SAE numbers: the lower the number, the
thinner the oilthinner the oil Detergency is the oil’s ability to cleanDetergency is the oil’s ability to clean
change oil while warm to remove contaminantschange oil while warm to remove contaminants Foaming – trapped air bubbles in the oilFoaming – trapped air bubbles in the oil
reduces lubrication effectivenessreduces lubrication effectiveness major cause is overfilling of crankcasemajor cause is overfilling of crankcase
![Page 36: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
3636
Lubrication SystemsLubrication Systems
Lubrication System of a Typical 4-Cycle EngineLubrication System of a Typical 4-Cycle Engine
![Page 37: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
3737
Lubrication SystemsLubrication Systems Oil FiltersOil Filters
remove foreign particles from the oilremove foreign particles from the oil canister typecanister type replaceable elementreplaceable element full-flow (filters all) and bypass type (filters some)full-flow (filters all) and bypass type (filters some)
Caution: do not interchangeCaution: do not interchange
NoteBypassValve
![Page 38: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
3838
Lubrication SystemsLubrication Systems Anti-seize CompoundsAnti-seize Compounds
soft metal particles soft metal particles suspended in grease-like suspended in grease-like vehiclevehicle
reduce the probability of reduce the probability of parts rusting togetherparts rusting together
used on threads, nuts, studs, used on threads, nuts, studs, boltsbolts
SealsSeals used to seal lubrication on used to seal lubrication on
shaftsshafts if leaking, must be replacedif leaking, must be replaced
![Page 39: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
3939
Lubrication SystemsLubrication Systems SummarySummary
purpose of oil: lubricate, seal, cool, cleanpurpose of oil: lubricate, seal, cool, clean characteristics: viscosity and detergencycharacteristics: viscosity and detergency oil filters: remove foreign particles from oiloil filters: remove foreign particles from oil periodically check oil – don’t overfillperiodically check oil – don’t overfill follow manufacturer's recommendations follow manufacturer's recommendations
for oilfor oil Change oil and filterChange oil and filter
every 100 hours (doesn’t wear out, just gets every 100 hours (doesn’t wear out, just gets dirty)dirty)
before winter storagebefore winter storage
![Page 40: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
4040
Ignition SystemsIgnition Systems
DistributorDistributor Condenser and Breaker PointsCondenser and Breaker Points Other Ignition SystemsOther Ignition Systems CoilCoil Spark Plug WireSpark Plug Wire Spark PlugsSpark Plugs
![Page 41: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
4141
Ignition SystemsIgnition Systems
Battery and Alternator are Primary Sources of Battery and Alternator are Primary Sources of EnergyEnergy
Ignition Coil Produces High Voltage for Spark Ignition Coil Produces High Voltage for Spark PlugsPlugs
![Page 42: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
4242
Ignition SystemsIgnition Systems Distributor Delivers Spark to Each CylinderDistributor Delivers Spark to Each Cylinder
at the specific instant when the breaker points at the specific instant when the breaker points openopen
![Page 43: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
4343
Ignition SystemsIgnition Systems Points and CondenserPoints and Condenser
old technologyold technology condenser prolongs the life of the points by reducing condenser prolongs the life of the points by reducing
arcingarcing breaker points switch the coil’s primary circuitbreaker points switch the coil’s primary circuit
Gap is Adjustable
![Page 44: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
4444
Ignition SystemsIgnition Systems Solid State IgnitionSolid State Ignition
points control a transistor (not full coil points control a transistor (not full coil current)current)
increased point life; condenser not requiredincreased point life; condenser not required hotter spark than conventionalhotter spark than conventional can be converted to solid statecan be converted to solid state
Capacitor-Discharge IgnitionCapacitor-Discharge Ignition variation of transistorized ignitionvariation of transistorized ignition much hotter spark (hotter than solid state)much hotter spark (hotter than solid state)
Electronic IgnitionElectronic Ignition replaces points with a control modulereplaces points with a control module individual ignition coil for each spark plugindividual ignition coil for each spark plug computer controlledcomputer controlled
![Page 45: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
4545
Electrical and Starting Electrical and Starting SystemsSystems
Boat BatteriesBoat Batteries Battery ChargingBattery Charging Starting SystemsStarting Systems Fuses and Circuit BreakersFuses and Circuit Breakers WiringWiring
![Page 46: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
4646
Electrical and Starting Electrical and Starting SystemsSystems
Battery SelectionBattery Selection classificationclassification
Starting: provides high current for a short time but is Starting: provides high current for a short time but is ruined by deep dischargesruined by deep discharges
Deep-Cycle: constructed to tolerate repeated deep Deep-Cycle: constructed to tolerate repeated deep discharges – good for use as House batteriesdischarges – good for use as House batteries
Dual Purpose: provides high starting current and can Dual Purpose: provides high starting current and can withstand deep dischargeswithstand deep discharges
technologiestechnologies Flooded-Cell: regular lead/acid storage batteryFlooded-Cell: regular lead/acid storage battery Gelled Electrolyte: sealed, maintenance freeGelled Electrolyte: sealed, maintenance free Absorbed Glass Mat: glass fiber mats saturated with Absorbed Glass Mat: glass fiber mats saturated with
water-diluted sulfuric acidwater-diluted sulfuric acid
![Page 47: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
4747
Charging SystemsCharging Systems
Generators: No Longer in ProductionGenerators: No Longer in Production AlternatorsAlternators
driven off engine with vee beltdriven off engine with vee belt use diodes to convert AC output to DC for use diodes to convert AC output to DC for
battery chargingbattery charging will charge batteries, even at low engine rpmwill charge batteries, even at low engine rpm
![Page 48: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
4848
Starting SystemsStarting Systems
Electric Starters are Low Voltage, Direct Electric Starters are Low Voltage, Direct Current Motors Used to Crank the EngineCurrent Motors Used to Crank the Engine
Starter Starter ComponentsComponents frameframe armaturearmature brushesbrushes field windings field windings drive mechanismdrive mechanism
![Page 49: Engine Maintenance Chapter 2 Inboard Spark Ignition Engines Part 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649cef5503460f949be475/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
4949
Remember…Remember…
You should be able to You should be able to identify problems and identify problems and explain them to a mechanicexplain them to a mechanic