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Departmentof Education
BRITAIN
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DUTY
- A department responsible for
education and children‟s services inEngland. Working to achieve a highly
educated society in which
opportunity is equal for children and
young people, no matter what theirbackground or family circumstances.
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Introduction
All children in England between the ages of 5 and 16 are
entitled to a free place at a state school.
Most state schools have to follow the national curriculum. Themost common ones are:
community schools - controlled by the local council
foundation schools - more freedom to change the way they dothings than community schools
Academies - run by a governing body, independent from thelocal council - they can follow a different curriculum
grammar schools - run by the council, a foundation body or a
trust - they select all or most of their pupils based on academicability and there is often an exam to get in
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1. Special schools
Special schools with pupils aged 11 andolder can specialise in 1 of the 4 areasof special educational needs (SEN):
1. communication and interaction2. cognition and learning
3. behaviour, emotional and socialdevelopment
4. sensory and physical needs
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2. Faith schools
Faith schools can be different kinds of schoolse.g.voluntary aided schools, free schools,academies etc but are associated with a
particular religion.
Faith schools are mostly run like other stateschools. They have to follow the national
curriculum except for religious studies, wherethey are free to only teach about their ownreligion.
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3. Free schools
Free schools are funded by thegovernment but aren‟t run by the local
council. They have more control over how
they do things.
They‟re „all-ability‟ schools, so can‟t useacademic selection processes like a
grammar school.
Free schools can:- set their own pay and conditions for staff
- change the length of school terms and the
school day
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Who can set up free schools
Free schools are run on a not-for-profit basis, andcan be set up by groups like:
charities
universities
independent schools community and faith groups
teachers
parents
businesses
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4. Academies
Academies are publicly-funded independentschools.
Academies don‟t have to follow the nationalcurriculum and can set their own term times. Theystill have to follow the same rules on
admissions, special educationalneeds and exclusions as other state schools.
Academies get money direct from thegovernment, not the local council. They‟re run byan academy trust which employs the staff.
Some academies have sponsors such asbusinesses, universities, other schools, faith orvoluntary groups. - Sponsors are responsible forimproving the performance of their schools.
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5. University Technical Colleges
University Technical Colleges specialise in subjects
like engineering and construction - and teach these
subjects along with business skills and using IT.
Pupils study academic subjects as well as practical
subjects leading to technical qualifications. Thecurriculum is designed by the academy and
employers who also provide work experience for
students.
University Technical Colleges are sponsored by: universities
employers
further education colleges
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6. Studio schools
Studio Schools are small schools - usually witharound 300 pupils - delivering mainstreamqualifications through project-based learning.This means working in realistic situations as wellas learning academic subjects.
Students work with local employers and apersonal coach, and follow a curriculumdesigned to give them the skills andqualifications they need in work, or to take upfurther education.
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NATIONAL CURRICULUM
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National curriculum
Organisation: Department for Education
First published: 14 October 2013
The national curriculum for England to be taught inall maintained primary and secondary schools fromSeptember 2014.
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1. Overview
The „basic‟ school curriculum includes the „national
curriculum‟, religious education and sex education.
The national curriculum is a set of subjects and
standards used by primary and secondary schools so
children learn the same things. It covers what subjectsare taught and the standards children should reach in
each subject.
Other types of school like academies andprivate schools don‟t have to follow the national
curriculum. Academies must teach a broad and
balanced curriculum including English, maths and
science. They must also teach religious education.
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Key stages
The national curriculum is organised intoblocks of years called „key stages‟ (KS). Atthe end of each key stage, the children‟steacher will formally assess theirperformance to measure the children‟sprogress. (key stages 1-4)
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The curriculum contains the programmes of study
and attainment targets for all subjects, at all keystages, except key stage 4 - English, mathematicsand science - which will follow after a publicconsultation on the draft programmes of study.
Teachers should note that in the 2014 to 2015academic year, pupils in years 2 and 6 should betaught the current programmes of studyin English, mathematics and science. These pupils
will sit the current key stage 1 and 2 testsrespectively. New tests will be available from2016.
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Age Year Key stage Assessment Average level of attainment
3 to 4 Early years
4 to 5 Reception Early years
5 to 6 Year 1 KS1 Phonics screening check
6 to 7 Year 2 KS1 Teacher assessments in English, maths and science 2
7 to 8 Year 3 KS2
8 to 9 Year 4 KS2
9 to 10 Year 5 KS2
10 to 11 Year 6 KS2National tests and teacher assessments in English, maths andscience
4
11 to 12 Year 7 KS3 Teacher assessments
12 to 13 Year 8 KS3 Teacher assessments
13 to 14 Year 9 KS3 Teacher assessments 5/6
14 to 15 Year 10 KS4 Some children take GCSEs
15 to 16 Year 11 KS4 Most children take GCSEs or other national qualifications
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Levels of attainment
For each subject there‟s a „programme ofstudy‟. It describes what children should
learn. There are also „attainment targets‟ -usually split into 8 levels for each subject.You‟ll get a school report at the end of theyear telling you what level your child is at.
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Curriculum by key stages
The complete framework and
individual versions of the curriculum for
primary and secondary key stages.
National curriculum in England:
framework for key stages 1 to 4
11 September 2013Statutory guidance
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Statutory National curriculum in England: framework for
key stages 1 to 4
Organisation: Department for Education
Published: 11 September 2013
Policy: Reforming qualifications and thecurriculum to better prepare pupils for life afterschool
Applies to: EnglandCollections: Nationalcurriculum
The full national curriculum framework includingprogrammes of study and attainment targets for key
stages 1 to 4.
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Details
This is the statutory national curriculumframework, including programmes of study andattainment targets for all subjects at all keystages 1 to 4, except key stage 4 English,mathematics and science, which will follow after
a public consultation on their draft programmesof study.
These are to be taught in all maintained primaryand secondary schools in England from
September 2014.- primary (key stages 1 to 2)
- and secondary (key stages 3 to 4)
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framework for the national curriculum and includes:
- contextual information about both the overall school
curriculum and the statutory national curriculum,
including the statutory basis of the latter
- aims for the statutory national curriculum
- statements on inclusion, and on the development ofpupils‟ competence in numeracy and mathematics,
language and literacy across the school curriculum
- programmes of study for all the national curriculum
subjects other than for key stage 4 English,
mathematics and science, which will follow
1. Introduction
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2. The school curriculum in England2.1
Every state-funded school must offer a curriculumwhich is balanced and broadly based* and which:
promotes the spiritual, moral, cultural, mental andphysical development of pupils at the school and of
society
prepares pupils at the school for the opportunities,responsibilities and experiences of later life
2.2 The school curriculum comprises all learning and other
experiences that each school plans for its pupils. Thenational curriculum forms one part of the school
curriculum.
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2.3
All state schools are also required to make provision for adaily act of collective worship and must teach religious
education to pupils at every key stage and sex andrelationship education to pupils in secondary education.
2.4
Maintained schools in England are legally required tofollow the statutory national curriculum which sets out inprogrammes of study, on the basis of key stages, subjectcontent for those subjects that should be taught to allpupils. All schools must publish their school curriculum bysubject and academic year online**.
2.5
All schools should make provision for personal, social,health and economic education (PSHE), drawing on goodpractice. Schools are also free to include other subjects ortopics of their choice in planning and designing their ownprogramme of education.
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3. The national curriculum in England
Aims
3.1
The national curriculum provides pupils with
an introduction to the essential knowledgethey need to be educated citizens.
- It introduces pupils to the best that has beenthought and said, and helps engender an
appreciation of human creativity andachievement.
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3.2
The national curriculum is just one element inthe education of every child. There is time andspace in the school day and in each week,term and year to range beyond the nationalcurriculum specifications.
- The national curriculum provides an outline ofcore knowledge around which teachers candevelop exciting and stimulating lessons topromote the development of pupils‟
knowledge, understanding and skills as part ofthe wider school curriculum.
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School Curriculum Structure
Community andfoundation schools,including communityspecial schools andfoundation special
schools, and involuntary aided andvoluntary controlledschools
Follow Nationalcurriculum
It is organised on the basisof 4 key stages and 12subjects, classified in legalterms as „core‟ and „otherfoundation‟ subjects.
Key stages 1 and 2 – “lower” (years 3 and 4)Key stages 3 and 4 – “upper” (years 5 and 6).
Structure
The requirement is to cover the content of the programmes ofstudy for years 3 to 6 by the end of key stage 2.
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3.4
The Secretary of State for Education is required to
publish programmes of study for each nationalcurriculum subject, setting out the „matters, skillsand processes‟ to be taught at each key stage. - -
- Schools are free to choose how they organise their
school day, as long as the content of the nationalcurriculum programmes of study is taught to allpupils.
3.5
Below is the structure of the national curriculum, interms of which subjects are compulsory at eachkey stage. At key stage 2 the subject title for languages is ‘foreign
language’; at key stage 3 it is ‘modern foreign language’.
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Key stage 1 Key stage 2 Key stage 3 Key stage 4
Age 5-7 yo 7-11 yo 11-14 yo 14-16 yo
Year groups 1-2 3-6 7-9 10-11
CORE SUBJECTS
English ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Mathematics ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Science ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
FOUNDATION SUBJECTS
Art and design ✓ ✓ ✓
Citizenship ✓ ✓
Computing ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Design andtechnology
✓ ✓ ✓
Languages ✓ ✓
Geography ✓ ✓ ✓
History ✓ ✓ ✓
Music ✓ ✓ ✓
Physical education ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
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Key stage 1 Key stage 2 Key stage 3 Key stage 4
Age 5-7 yo 7-11 yo 11-14 yo 14-16 yo
Year groups 1-2 3-6 7-9 10-11
Religiouseducation
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Sex andrelationshipeducation
✓ ✓
3.6
All schools are also required to teach religious education at allkey stages. Secondary schools must provide sex and relationshipeducation.--- Statutory teaching of religious education and sex andrelationship education
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2. Key Stage 1 & 2 Compulsory national curriculum subjects at primary school are:
1. English2. maths
3. science
4. design and technology
5. history
6. geography
7. art and design8. music
9. physical education (PE), including swimming
10. information and communication technology (ICT)
11. Schools can develop their own ICT curricula or follow theprogrammes of study. They must also provide religiouseducation (RE) but children don‟t have to study it.
12. Schools often also teach:
13. personal, social and health education (PSHE)
14. citizenship
15. modern foreign languages
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Tests and assessments
Year 1 phonics screening check
The check will take place in June when the childwill read 40 words out loud to a teacher. The
parents will find out how their child did, and theirteacher will assess whether he or she needs extrahelp with reading. If the child doesn‟t do wellenough in the check the child will have to do it
again in Year 2.
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Key Stage 1
Key Stage 1 tasks and tests cover:
reading
writing
speaking and listening
maths
science
The tasks and tests are taken when the school chooses.
the child‟s teacher will use the child‟s work (including
spoken work and homework) to work out what levelthe child is at in each area.
The parents can ask for the results but they‟re only
used to help the teacher assess the child‟s work.
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Key Stage 2
Key Stage 2 tests cover: English reading
English grammar, punctuation and spelling
maths (including mental arithmetic)
The tests are taken in mid-May and last under 5.5hours in total. Parents will get the results in July.If the child is demonstrating higherachievement then the head teacher may putthem in for extra tests.
When the child reaches the end of Key Stage 2the teacher will also give reports on your child‟sprogress in English, maths and science.
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3. Key Stage 3 & 4Key Stage 3
Compulsory national curriculum subjects are:1. English2. maths3. science4. history5. geography6.
modern foreign languages7. design and technology8. art and design9. music10. physical education11. citizenship12. information and communication technology (ICT)
Schools can develop their own ICT curricula or follow theprogrammes of study.
They must also provide 13. religious education (RE) and 14. sexeducation from Key Stage 3.
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Key Stage 4During Key Stage 4 most pupils work towards national qualifications - usually GCSEs. The compulsory national curriculum subjects are the „core‟ and „foundation‟
subjects.
Core subjects are: English maths science
Foundation subjects are:
information and communication technology (ICT) physical education citizenship Schools must also offer at least 1 subject from each of these areas: arts design and technology humanities
modern foreign languages
They must also provide religious education (RE) and sex education at Key Stage 4.Pupils don‟t have to take exams in religious studies but schools must provide at least1 course where pupils can get a recognised RE qualification at Key Stage 4 andabove.