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enigmaNATURES MYSTERY MAGAZINE
1 enigma magazine www.engima.com February 2011
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2 enigma magazine www.engima.com February 2011
enigmanature’s mystery magazine
Inside The Reef
Great Apes in our Woods .
Interview: Marine Archaeologist Jim Tyson
Marine biologist Dr ruDy sherMan treks off the atlantic coast to take a ganDer at beautiful ocean life in the coral reefs.
on the cover:
Photographed in Scotland at Loch Ness, Holly Pavlik captures the mysterious image of Nessy that has everyone wondering, is she real?
High Flying Mysteries.
Marine Biologist Dr Rudy Sherman treks off the Atlantic coast to take a gander at beautiful ocean life in the reefs.
Jim Tyson explores the mysterious occurances nearthe famous Bermuda Triangle.
Watch more adventures under the sea and in the sky on the Discovery Channel.
Black birds mysteriously fall from the sky in Belgium and Switzerland. Thousands of birds dead. What happened during their routine flight?
The Sasquatch revsisited. A couple from White PineColorado are certain they saw the real thing.
feature articles
THE
pg 4
pg 7
pg 9
pg 11
3 enigma magazine www.engima.com February 2011
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department articles
Review on ‘Life In The Reef’by research expert, Joe thompson
by enigma explorer, ZuZka gaZdik
by sarah marshall
by katy Vinson
High flying mysteries solved!
The Sasquatch is amongst us.
Is Nessy real? It is possible.
Ms. Zuzka Gazdik reflects on the recent deaths of blackbirds that mysteriously fell from the sky late last year. What happened to these birds and why did somany of them fall from the sky?
Sarah Marshall loves the Sasquatch just as much as the next, but despite all the recent claims that Sasquatch is real, Sarah is still a skeptic.
Conditions are harsh in darkness. With no sunlight or many of the essential nutrients to aide survival, Joe Thompson reflects on the lifestyle of critters under the sea.
Conditions are harsh in darkness. The Loch Ness monsteror "Nessy" would know a thing or two about that. ExplorerKaty Vinson takes us on a journey into the heart of Nessy.
TOC
pg 6
pg 8
pg 10
pg 12
4 enigma magazine www.engima.com February 2011
TH
E DE
EP A
TLAN
TIC
2011
Inside The Reef Most of us are familiar with “Old Faithful” in Yellowstone National
Park. This famous geyser erupts several times a day. It spouts a
column of water heated by volcanic rock deep within the Earth’s
crust A hydrothermal vent is a geyser on the seafloor. It continuously spews super-hot,
mineral-rich water that helps support a diverse community of organisms.
Text by Sarah MarshallPhotos by Courtnee DrobottProduced by Adrian Lescisin
Most of us are familiar
with “Old Faithful” in
Yellowstone National
Park. This famous geyser erupts
several times a day. It spouts
a column of water heated by
volcanic rock deep within the
Earth’s crust.
A hydrothermal vent is
a geyser on the seafloor. It
continuously spews super-
hot, mineral-rich water that helps
support a diverse community of organisms.
Although most of the deep sea is sparsely
populated, vent sites teem with a fascinating
array of life. Tubeworms and huge clams are
the most distinctive inhabitants of Pacific
Ocean vent sites, while eyeless shrimp are
found only at vents in the Atlantic Ocean.
The first hydrothermal vent was discovered
in 1977. They are known to exist in
the Pacific and Atlantic oceans.
Most are found at an average
depth of about 2,100 meters
(7,000 ft) in areas of
seafloor spreading along
the Mid-Ocean Ridge
system- the and underwater
mountain chain that snakes its
way around the globe.
How do hydrothermal vents form? In
some areas along the Mid-Ocean Ridge, the
gigantic plates that form the Earth›s crust
are moving apart, creating
cracks and the around he
the ocean floor. Seawater
seeps an into
openings
theand
5 enigma magazine www.engima.com February 2011
feature
is heated by the molten rock, or
magma, that lies beneath the
Earth›s crust. As the water is
heated, it rises and seeks a path
back out into the ocean through
an opening in the seafloor the sea
from sea.
As the vent water
bursts out into the
ocean, its temperature
may be as high as 400°C
(750°F). Yet this water does
not boil because it is under
so much pressure from the
tremendous weight of the ocean
above. When the pressure on a
liquid is increased, its boiling
point goes up must come
down. and out anything.
Chimneys top some
hydrothermal vents. Thes
an These smokestacks the a are
formed from diss olved metals that
precipitate out worm (form into
particles) when the super-hot vent
water meets the surrounding deep
ocean water, which is only a few
degrees above freezing ice group.
So-called «black smokers» are
and all the hottest of the vents.
They more spew mostly and the
iron and sulfide, which combine to
form iron monosulfide. This compound
gives the smoker its black color.
White smokers» release water that is
cooler than their cousins› and often
contains compounds of barium,
calcium, and silicon, which are white.
Geologists are intrigued by how
rapidly vent chimneys grow - up
to 9 meters (30 ft) in 18 months.
A scientist at the University of
Washington has been monitoring
the growth of «Godzilla,» a vent
chimney in the Pacific Ocean off
the coast of Oregon. It reached
the height of a 15-story building
before it toppled. It is now actively
rebuilding.
There are many other reasons
why scientists want to learn more
about hydrothermal vents. These
underwater geysers are believed to
play an important role in the ocean›s
temperature, chemistry, and circulation
patterns and other formations and then
are gonna..
Scientists also are fascinated by the
unusual life that inhabits vent sites.
These creatures who live in darkness,
from bacteria to tubeworms, may
light the way to the
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6 enigma magazine www.engima.com February 2011
Most of us are familiar with “Old Faithful”
in Yellowstone National Park. This famous
geyser erupts several times a day. It spouts
a column of water heated by volcanic rock
deep within the Earth’s crust.
A hydrothermal
vent is a geyser on the
seafloor. It continuously
spews super-hot ,
mineral-r ich water
that helps support a
diverse community of
organisms. Although
most of the deep sea
is sparsely populated,
vent sites teem with a fascinating array of
life. Tubeworms and huge clams are the most
distinctive inhabitants of Pacific Ocean vent
sites, while eyeless shrimp are found only at
vents in the Atlantic Ocean.
The first hydrothermal vent was discovered
in 1977. They are known to exist in the Pacific
and Atlantic oceans. Most are found at an
average depth of about 2,100 meters
(7,000 ft) in areas of seafloor spreading
along the Mid-Ocean Ridge system- the
underwater mountain chain that snakes its
way around the globe.
How do hydrothermal vents form? In
some areas along the Mid-Ocean Ridge,
the gigantic plates that form the Earth›s
crust are moving apart, creating cracks and
crevices in the ocean floor. Seawater seeps
into these openings and is heated by the
molten rock, or magma, that lies beneath
the Earth›s crust. As the water is heated,
it rises and seeks a path back out into the
ocean through an opening in the seafloor.
As the vent water bursts out into the
ocean, its temperature may be as high as
400°C (750°F).
Yet this water does not boil because
it is under so much pressure from the
tremendous weight of the ocean above.
When the pressure on a liquid is increased,
its boiling point goes up. Chimneys
top some hydrothermal vents. These
smokestacks are formed from dissolved
metals that precipitate out (form into
particles) when the super-hot vent water
meets the surrounding deep ocean water,
which is only a few degrees above freezing.
a clown fish swims around in the colorful reefs. a wideshoot of the beautiful Atlantic coral reef.
... the reef is always under
so much pressure from
the tremendous weight of
the ocean above.
7 enigma magazine www.engima.com February 2011
feature
Atlantic oceans.
Most are found at
an average depth of
about 2,100 meters
(7,000 ft) in areas of
seafloor spreading
along the Mid-Ocean
Ridge system and an
the underwater mountain
chain that snakes its way
around the globe.
How do hydrothermal vents form? In
some areas along the Mid-Ocean Ridge,
the gigantic plates that form the Earth›s
crust are moving apart, creating cracks
and crevices in the ocean floor. Seawater
seeps into these openings and is heated
by the molten rock, or magma, that lies
beneath the Earth›s crust. As the water is
heated, it rises and seeks a path back out
into the ocean through an opening in the
seafloor. As the vent water bursts out into
the ocean, its temperature may be as high
as 400°C (750°F). Yet this water does not
boil because it is under so much pressure
from the tremendous weight of the ocean
above. When the pressure on a liquid is
increased, its boiling point goes up.
Chimneys top some hydrothermal vents.
These smokestacks are formed from
dissolved metals that precipitate out (form
into particles) when the super-hot vent
and the top of the
Atlantic and the
far oceans. Most
are found at an
average depth of about
2,100 meters (7,000 ft) in areas of
seafloor spreading along the Mid-Ocean
Ridge system- the underwater mountain
chain that snakes its way around the globe.
How do hydrothermal vents form? In
some areas along the Mid-Ocean Ridge,
the gigantic plates that form the Earth›s
crust are moving apart, creating cracks and
crevices in the ocean floor. Seawater seeps
into these openings and is heated by the
molten rock, or magma, that lies beneath
the Earth.
a lovely sea slug comes out of hiding. colourful squid play in the deep end.
for more information on life in the reef and to watch exclusive videos on our many adventures, please visit
us on the web @ www.underwateradventures.com
Fo
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8 enigma magazine www.engima.com February 2011
TH
E DA
VID
SUZU
KI F
ILES
2011
Text by Zuzka GazdikPhotos by Jennifer TilesProduced by Jolly Productions
s u p e r n a t u r a la Q & a with nature activist, david suzuki.
The belief in the supernatural requires a different mystical?
Type of logic, which is totally at odds with science. Before the days of science, this was the only sort of logic available.
There are many people who claim to have “proof”?
Religious experiences, ghost sightings, demon possession, psychic visions, and all sorts of other crazy things.
I have to say that I can’t prove that these things don’t?
But anyone who has ever tried to prove them to a scientific standard has failed, and until science proves the existence of these supernatural occurrences, I for one won’t believe in them.
Some might say that I have given the impression in some of my other articles?
has failed, and until science proves the existence of these supernatural occurrences, I for one won’t believe in them.
Our nature and
supernatural expert,
David Suziki.
Husna Thompson, Engima Q&A extoridinaire.
NATURALth
e
9 enigma magazine www.engima.com February 2011
department
A flock of birds mysteriously dissapear
from the skies on Oct 28th, 2010.
When a tree dies in the forest, fungus grow out of the dead wood, then humans eat?
Fungus, die, and become food for the trees. The only reason why reincarnation doesn’t make scientific sense to people, is they have the notion of an individual soul, which is another unproven supernatural belief the not.
So when I say I have no soul, these people may assume that I am the devil himself?
None of it makes much sense to me, if it isn’t proven facts that comes from observable scientific experimentation. Sometimes in science, you can make a reasonable assumption, but what is reasonable even not?
I invite you to offer any scientific proof In a comment?
That supernatural occurrences have ever happened, or join below, and write an article with photos, documentation, etc, that proves that the supernatural is in fact natural.
First, let me say that I haven’t researched this article at all?
But I don’t need to, because the answer to the question in the title is found in the meaning of the word supernatural.
Supernatural implies something that isn’t found in nature? And is either impossible, or
unbelievable. The very meaning of the word supernatural proves that scientifically, it is impossible for anything supernatural to ever happen.
The belief in the supernatural requires a different mystical type of logic? Totally at odds with science. Before
the days of science.
There are many people who claim and all to have “proof” of religious experiences?
Ghost sightings, demon possession, psychic visions, and all sorts of other crazy things.
10 enigma magazine www.engima.com February 2011
sasquatch the exists
TH
E BI
G BI
GFOO
T 20
11
Produced by Vanessa Salzborn
Text by Holly Pavlik
Photos by John Tiles
11 enigma magazine www.engima.com February 2011
feature
Tracing them forwards, he found
that the tracks came almost straight
down an incline at about a 75 degree
angle onto the road ahead of the
parked "cat," then proceeded down
the road to one side, circled the
machine, and finally went on down
toward the camp. Before getting
there, however, they cut across the
road and went straight down an even
steeper incline and continued into the
forest with a measured stride than.
Them forwards, he an found that
the tracks came almost straight down
an incline at about a 75 degree angle
onto the road ahead of the parked
"cat," then proceeded down the road
to one side, circled the machine, and
finally went on down toward the camp.
Before getting there, however,
they cut across the road and went
straight down an even steeper incline
and continued into the forest with a
Sarah Reid on site at Sasquatch villa.
Tracing the them backwards, an the
he found that the tracks and came
almost like straight down an incline at
about. The road ahead of the parked
"cat," then an proceeded down the
road to one side, circled the machine,
and finally went on down toward
California is a huge state and an immensely
varied one. It is nearly 800 miles long and
it contains everything from barren deserts
to lush tropical jungles. It as is full of oddities and
enigmas, ranging from almost-active volcanoes to
places where commercially-minded proprietors
assure travelers that something has gone wrong
with good old reliable gravity itself. California
is always good for a story, and the rest of the
nation is always willing to indulge in a big laugh
at its expense. But there is one story that nobody
is laughing at any more. And it may turn into
the biggest thing to come out of that fabulous
state since they found something yellow at John
Sutter's mill.
On August 27, 1958, a tractor drive named Gerald
Crew drove out to his job, which at that time was
working with the crew pushing a new lumber-
access road into the uninhabited and only loosely
surveyed territory near the borders of Humboldt
and Del Norte counties, in north-west California.
Jerry Crew is a native of Salyer Township in
Humboldt County. He is an active member of the
Baptist Church, a teetotaler, and I have talked to
enough people up there to state flatly that his
reputation for honesty, level-headedness and just
plain common sense is an excellent one.
The area where this road was being built
is, surprisingly enough, an almost trackless
wilderness. It is bordered by the Pacific Ocean on
the west and Oregon on the north: Highway 299
runs along its southern border, and it stretches
some 130 miles inland to highway 99. It is crossed
by one winding blacktop road and some lesser
roads, plus an assortment of logging trails and
"jeep-roads" which are used very rarely. While
California is thought of as a heavily populated
state, this particular section — encompassing
some 100,000 square miles — has no known
inhabitants at all. Almost anything could be living
there, and nobody would be the wiser.
tracing the steps
sarahskies.wordpress.com
For more information on Sarah's aventures please visit:
12 enigma magazine www.engima.com February 2011
the world famous
p a t t e r s o n i m a g e
is living proof that
SASQUATCHlives amongst us
13 enigma magazine www.engima.com February 2011
Tracing them backwards, he found that the tracks
came almost straight down an incline at about a 75
degree angle onto the road ahead of the parked
"cat," then proceeded down the road to one side,
circled the machine, and finally went on down
toward the camp. Before getting there, however,
they cut across the road and went straight down
an even steeper incline and continued into the
forest with a measured stride that varied only
when an obstacle had to be stepped over or a
bank was so steep a purchase had to be obtained
with the heels only.
a bigfooted point of view
Territory near the borders
of Humboldt and Del Norte
counties, the own in north-
west California. Jerry Crew is
a native of Salyer Township
in Humboldt County. He is an
active member of the Baptist
Church, a teetotaler, and I
have talked to enough people
up there to state flatly that his
reputation for honesty, level-
headedness and just plain
common sense is an excellent
one.
The area where this road
was being built is, surprisingly
enough, an almost trackless
wilderness. It is bordered
by the Pacific Ocean on the
west and Oregon on the
north: Highway 299 runs
along its southern border,
and it stretches some 130
miles inland to highway 99.
It is crossed by one winding
blacktop road and some lesser
roads, plus an assortment of
logging. trails and "jeep-roads"
which are used very California
is thought of as a heavily
populated state, this particular
section encompassing some
100,000 square miles has no
known.
feature
for more information on the adventures of bigfoot, visit:www.bigfoot4life.com
bigfeet.wordpress.com–Sue Macdonlad
Super, NaturalBritish Columbia
14 enigma magazine www.engima.com February 2011
Visit Beautiful BC www.tourismbc.com