Download - ETHOS 2014 Presentation: Highlights of TLUD Stove Development Worldwide in 2013 to January 2014
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Highlights of TLUD StoveDevelopment Worldwidein 2013 to January 2014
( TLUD refers to “Top-Lit UpDraft” micro-gasification )
Juntos Energy Solutions, NFPAwamu Biomass Energy Ltd (Uganda)
Paul S. Anderson PhD
“Dr TLUD” ( Doc Tee-lud ) [email protected]
A Presentation at 2014 ETHOS ConferenceSeattle-Kirkland, WA, USA
24-26 January 2014
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Abstract• The pace of development of TLUD micro-gasifier
cookstoves has further increased during 2013.
• Highlighted are numerous devices, activities and results. Some are presented at the ETHOS conference.
• Classification of micro-gasifier stoves according to key variables
– of significant features, emissions, specialty fuels, char production, natural or forced draft, materials and manufacturing, costs, marketing, etc.
• Major issues for TLUD stoves in 2014 are named.
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Manual by Roth for GIZ(revision is in press)
• Micro-gasification: Cooking with Gas from Biomass
• Revision / up-date available probably in February 2014
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Micro-gasification Terminology
• Document available at: www.drtlud.com
• “TLUD” re-defined as a name, not an acronym, referring to small UpDraft processes and devices, as in “Tiny Little” UpDraft.
• Migratory Pyrolytic Front (MPF) is the essential distinguishing characteristic of Top-Lit UpDraft, therefore TLUD-MPF.
• After MPF ends, continuation of burning becomes TLUD-BB (Bottom Burning)
– New fuel added on top of char is being “retorted”
– Burning only charcoal is bad for stove & heat transfer
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Stove Camps and Research
• TLUD technology featured at Stove Camp at Aprovecho in July 2013 and next week
• Kirk Harris (will make next presentation)
• Materials testing
• Issues of materials and weight of TLUD cookstoves: heavy vs. light weight TLUDs.
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Awamu “Quad” (versions 2 & 3)TLUD-ND dimensions identical to the Mwoto “Classic” TLUD.400 units produced. US$14 per stove. Flat Pack fabrication. Test results on Internet.Mainly “Tab & Slot” assembly, to be done near point of sale.
Too difficult to produce sufficient quantities with adequate quality, even with jigs.
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Troika TLUD (Russian word for 3)
• Successor to the Quad designs, to have ease of production.• Prototype in USA in late 2013; taken to Uganda in January 2014 for African modifications and initial 5 units.• Training and sample units taken from Uganda to Kenya and Tanzania in January 2014, where it is called Jiko Bingwa (Champion Stove, a name used since 2005 for this style of TLUD-ND).
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Bingwa (Champion) TLUD Stove[A Troika design by Anderson]
• Combustor top similar to Quad.
• Three wooden legs joined by strong metal.
• Outer cylinder 700 mm circum. & 8.75 inch diameter = Quad size
• Inner fuel chambers of many sizes.
• Primary air control !!!!
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Other TLUD-ND in Production• Peko Pe: Zambia & Norway, at ETHOS by Jan Sorensen.• Jiko Bomba: Tanzania. by Bjarne Laustsen. Intended to use with pellet fuel.
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Other TLUD-ND in Production• Gastov (3 models) by KIRDI = Kenya Industrial
Research and Development Institute. Heavy stove; fuel chamber is lifted out to extinguish.
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Other TLUD-ND in Production
• Maliaka Jiko (left) Kenya, by Wisdom stoves. This is an excellent TChar unit on a charcoal stove.
• Riziki TLUD-ND (right) by Wisdom. No riser because secondary air inlets are 10 cm below rim.
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Other TLUD-ND in Production
• Estufa Finca: Costa Rica, by Seachar / Art Donnelly (presented at ETHOS 2014)
• TLUD stoves in China (some with FA): Silverfire units from China are sold in North
America by Todd Albi, Eugene, Oregon.
Others with presentation at ETHOS 2014.
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Rice Husk TLUD-FA Devices
• Several presented at ETHOS 2014 and are a major topic at Aprovecho Open House next week:
• Alexis Belonio
• Paul Olivier
• HOS/Rua
• Troika
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Lacking during 2013
• Very little testing results reported.
• No or very little word from many that are known to be involved with TLUD work:
– Colorado State University (large grant)
– Companies that hold their information about possible work on TLUD topics (maybe none to report):
• (EnviroFit, Burn, WorldStove, Stove Tec., First Energy, Nurhuda Stoves, )
• .
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Fuels
• Increasing interest in pellets/briquettes
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TLUD Rental Program in Uganda.• In very specific communities, women in groups
(similar to micro-finance groups) with shared responsibility for payments of:
– Stove rental of USD 0.33 per month
– 500 grams of dry char per stove per day. (Company receives payment per KG, to be sequestered.)
• Stoves are maintained by company or project.
• Project already started in Uganda by Awamu.
• Presentation by Ted Redelmeier at ETHOS 2014.
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Merry Go Round Large TLUDs for
Biochar in Thailand
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Awamu Institutional Stove
• 100 to 300 liter sizes (shown 150 L; second lip provides seal and handles.)
• Triple concentric air channel (with insulation under top and in outer gap, for heat transfer efficiency and cooler sides; chimney sustains draft.)
• Large TLUD-ND gasifier (Fuel container 40 cm Dia. x 36 cm H; 2 units provide continual heat; use smaller units for simmer.)
• Assembled on site(as fixed or portable)
• Price: Not yet decided.
• 100% Uganda-made.
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On-going Debates
• Debate about how the quantities of produced char are included in the calculations of efficiencies.
• Debate about centralized and decentralized production of stoves, including TLUD models.
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Major Issues for TLUD Stoves in 2014
• Establishment of high usage of TLUD cookstoves in some communities.
• Lowering of costs of each stove.
• Materials and increased production
• Improvement of procedures for:
– Ignition
– Extinguishing each batch
• Design changes