![Page 2: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
About our labs, final project and midterm
• Building a simple and elegant Peerster• Making git log clear• Midterm may be kind of hard
• Lab1 grading
![Page 3: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
About our labs, final project and midterm
• Building a simple and elegant Peerster• Making git log clear• Midterm may be kind of hard
• Lab1 grading
![Page 4: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
About our labs, final project and midterm
• Building a simple and elegant Peerster• Making git log clear• Midterm may be kind of hard
• Lab1 grading
![Page 5: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
About our labs, final project and midterm
• Building a simple and elegant Peerster• Making git log clear• Midterm
• Lab1 grading
![Page 6: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
About our labs, final project and midterm
• Building a simple and elegant Peerster• Making git log clear• Midterm
• Lab1 grading
![Page 7: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• Failures
• Correlated failures in decentralized systems
Lecture Outline
![Page 8: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Failures
• Correlated failures in decentralized systems
Lecture Outline
![Page 9: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• What is the failure?• Why?• Real evidences?
• Partial failure
Failures
![Page 10: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• What is the failure?• Why?• Real evidences?
• Partial failure
Failures
![Page 11: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• What is the failure?• Why?• Real evidences?
• Partial failure
Failures
![Page 12: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Evidence
![Page 13: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Category) Failure)types) Diagnosis)&)Repair)
%)
So#ware(21%( Link(layer(loop( Find(and(fix(bugs(
19%(Imbalance(!(overload( 2%(
Hardware(18%( FCS(error( Replace(cable( 13%(Unstable(power( Repair(power( 5%(
Unknown(23%( Switch(stops(forwarding( N/A( 9%(Imbalance(!(overload( 7%(Lost(configuraNon( 5%(High(CPU(uNlizaNon( 2%(
ConfiguraNon(38%(
Errors(on(mulNple(switches(
Update(configuraNon(
32%(
Errors(on(one(switch( 6%(
Evidence
![Page 14: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Category) Failure)types) Diagnosis)&)Repair)
%)
So#ware(21%( Link(layer(loop( Find(and(fix(bugs(
19%(Imbalance(!(overload( 2%(
Hardware(18%( FCS(error( Replace(cable( 13%(Unstable(power( Repair(power( 5%(
Unknown(23%( Switch(stops(forwarding( N/A( 9%(Imbalance(!(overload( 7%(Lost(configuraNon( 5%(High(CPU(uNlizaNon( 2%(
ConfiguraNon(38%(
Errors(on(mulNple(switches(
Update(configuraNon(
32%(
Errors(on(one(switch( 6%(
Evidence
![Page 15: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Category) Failure)types) Diagnosis)&)Repair)
%)
So#ware(21%( Link(layer(loop( Find(and(fix(bugs(
19%(Imbalance(!(overload( 2%(
Hardware(18%( FCS(error( Replace(cable( 13%(Unstable(power( Repair(power( 5%(
Unknown(23%( Switch(stops(forwarding( N/A( 9%(Imbalance(!(overload( 7%(Lost(configuraNon( 5%(High(CPU(uNlizaNon( 2%(
ConfiguraNon(38%(
Errors(on(mulNple(switches(
Update(configuraNon(
32%(
Errors(on(one(switch( 6%(
Evidence
![Page 16: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Category) Failure)types) Diagnosis)&)Repair)
%)
So#ware(21%( Link(layer(loop( Find(and(fix(bugs(
19%(Imbalance(!(overload( 2%(
Hardware(18%( FCS(error( Replace(cable( 13%(Unstable(power( Repair(power( 5%(
Unknown(23%( Switch(stops(forwarding( N/A( 9%(Imbalance(!(overload( 7%(Lost(configuraNon( 5%(High(CPU(uNlizaNon( 2%(
ConfiguraNon(38%(
Errors(on(mulNple(switches(
Update(configuraNon(
32%(
Errors(on(one(switch( 6%(
Evidence
![Page 17: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Top10 Failure Events in Clouds
![Page 18: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Failure Models
![Page 19: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
• Crash failure• Timing failure• Response failure
• Byzantine failure
Failure Models
![Page 20: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
• Crash failure• Timing failure• Response failure
• Byzantine failure
Failure Models
![Page 21: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• Crash failure• Timing failure• Response failure
• Byzantine failure
Failure Models
![Page 22: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
• Crash failure• Timing failure• Response failure
• Byzantine failure
Failure Models
![Page 23: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Solutions
![Page 24: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Solutions
• Overcoming failures after the outage occurs:- Diagnosis system- Accountability system- Fault tolerance system
![Page 25: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Solutions
• Overcoming failures after the outage occurs:- Diagnosis system- Accountability system- Fault tolerance system
![Page 26: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Solutions
• Overcoming failures after the outage occurs:- Diagnosis system- Accountability system- Fault tolerance system
![Page 27: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Solutions
• Overcoming failures after the outage occurs:- Diagnosis system- Accountability system- Fault tolerance system
• Overcoming failures before the outage occurs:- Redundancy
![Page 28: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
• Failures
• Correlated failures in decentralized systems
Lecture Outline
![Page 29: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
• Failures
• Correlated failures in decentralized systems
Lecture Outline
![Page 30: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Example
![Page 31: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Email App
Peer A Peer B
Example
![Page 32: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Email App
Peer A Peer B
Third-party infrastructure components
Example
![Page 33: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Email App
ISP BISP A ISP C
Third-party infrastructure components
Peer A Peer B
Example
![Page 34: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Email App
ISP BISP A ISP C
Power Source
Third-party infrastructure components
Peer A Peer B
Example
![Page 35: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Email App
ISP BISP A ISP C
Power Source
Third-party infrastructure components
Peer A Peer B
Example
![Page 36: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Email App
ISP BISP A ISP C
Power Source
Third-party infrastructure components
Peer A Peer B
Become unavailable !
Example
![Page 37: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Example
![Page 38: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
• Service providers allocate or tolerate failures via: - diagnosis systems, e.g., Sherlock.- fault-tolerant systems, e.g., F10, Skute.
Existing Efforts
![Page 39: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
• Service providers allocate or tolerate failures via: - diagnosis systems, e.g., Sherlock.- fault-tolerant systems, e.g., F10, Skute.
• Solving the problem after the outage occurs
• There is no any effort before the problem occur
Existing Efforts
![Page 40: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
• Service providers allocate or tolerate failures via: - diagnosis systems, e.g., Sherlock.- fault-tolerant systems, e.g., F10, Skute.
• Solving the problem after the outage occurs
• We want to prevent the problem before the outage occurs
Existing Efforts
![Page 41: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
• Service providers allocate or tolerate failures via: - diagnosis systems, e.g., Sherlock.- fault-tolerant systems, e.g., F10, Skute.
• Solving the problem after the outage occurs
• We want to prevent the problem before the outage occurs
• Recommending truly independent redundancy services when deploying applications
Existing Efforts
![Page 42: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
What kind of system we want to build?
![Page 43: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Consumer
Node A Node B Node C
![Page 44: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Select two nodes for redundancy
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 45: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
A and B ?
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 46: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
B and C ?
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 47: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
A and C ?
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 48: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Recommender
Select two nodes for redundancy: A&B? B&C? or A&C?
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 49: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Recommender
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 50: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Recommender
Assessing independence by the # of overlapping components between nodes
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 51: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Recommender
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 52: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Recommender
ISP A Power BPower A
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 53: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Recommender
ISP A Power BPower A
ISP APower APower B
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 54: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Recommender
ISP A Power BPower A
ISP APower APower B
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 55: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Recommender
ISP APower APower B
ISP A Power B ISP BPower A
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 56: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Recommender
ISP APower APower B
ISP A Power B ISP BPower A
ISP BPower APower B
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 57: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Recommender
ISP APower APower B
ISP A Power B ISP BPower A
ISP BPower APower B
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 58: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Recommender
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 59: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Recommender
ISP BPower APower B
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
ISP APower APower B
Consumer
![Page 60: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Recommender
Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | |
ISP BPower APower B
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
ISP APower APower B
Consumer
![Page 61: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Recommender
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | |
ISP BPower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
ISP APower APower B
Consumer
![Page 62: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Recommender
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
ISP BPower C
Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | |
=2
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 63: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Recommender
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
ISP BPower C
Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | |
=2
Deployment | |
Node A Node B Node C
Node A, C 0 Node B, C 1 Node A, B 2
Consumer
![Page 64: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Recommender
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
ISP BPower C
Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | |Deployment | |
Node A Node B Node C
Node A, C 0 Node B, C 1 Node A, B 2
Consumer
![Page 65: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Recommender
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
ISP BPower C
Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | |Deployment | |
=1Node A Node B Node C
Node A, C 0 Node B, C 1 Node A, B 2
Consumer
![Page 66: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Recommender
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
ISP BPower C
=1
Deployment | |
Node A Node B Node C
Node A, C 0 Node B, C 1 Node A, B 2
Consumer
![Page 67: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Recommender
ISP APower APower B
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
ISP BPower C
Deployment | |
Node A Node B Node C
Node A, C 0 Node B, C 1 Node A, B 2
Consumer
![Page 68: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Recommender
ISP APower APower B
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
ISP BPower C
Deployment | |
=0
Node A Node B Node C
Node A, C 0 Node B, C 1 Node A, B 2
Consumer
![Page 69: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Recommender
ISP APower APower B
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
ISP BPower C
Deployment | |
=0
Node A Node B Node C
Node A, C 0 Node B, C 1 Node A, B 2
Consumer
![Page 70: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Recommender
Node A, C 0 Node B, C 1 Node A, B 2
Deployment | |
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 71: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Recommender1. Node A, C 02. Node B, C 13. Node A, B 2
| |Deployment
Ranking List
Node A Node B Node C
Consumer
![Page 72: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
But, it is not so easy .
![Page 73: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Recommender
Node A
Node B
Node C
Solution 1
Consumer
![Page 74: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Recommender
App Provider
Node A
Node B
Node C
Privacy Concern!
Solution 1
![Page 75: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Trusted Third Party
Node A
Node B
Node C
Solution 2
Consumer
![Page 76: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Trusted Third Party
App Provider
Node A
Node B
Node C
Hard to find!
Solution 2
![Page 77: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Secure Multiparty Computation
Node A
Node B
Node C
Solution 3
Consumer
![Page 78: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Secure Multiparty Computation
App Provider
Node A
Node B
Node C
SMPC is difficult to scale!
Solution 3
![Page 79: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Intersection cardinality does help
Example
![Page 80: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Our solution - iRec
![Page 81: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
• The first independence recommender sys: - achieving our goal- preserving privacy of each node- practical
Our solution - iRec
![Page 82: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
• The first independence recommender sys: - achieving our goal- preserving privacy of each node- practical
Preliminary background: P-SOP
Our solution - iRec
![Page 83: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
• Allows k parties to compute the intersection, union cardinality and Jaccard similarity, without learning other information.
S1 S2 ... ... Sn
S1 S2 ... ... Sn
J(S1, S2, ..., Sn) =
P-SOP: Private Jaccard Similarity
| |
||
![Page 84: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
• Allows k parties to compute the intersection, union cardinality and Jaccard similarity, without learning other information.
S1 S2 ... ... Sn
S1 S2 ... ... Sn
J(S1, S2, ..., Sn) =
P-SOP: Private Jaccard Similarity
| |
||
![Page 85: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
11
3
10
1
5
20
3
7
3
P-SOP
• Allows k parties to compute the intersection, union cardinality and Jaccard similarity, without learning other information.
P-SOP: Private Jaccard Similarity
![Page 86: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
11
3
10
1
5
20
3
7
3
• Allows k parties to compute the intersection, union cardinality and Jaccard similarity, without learning other information.
One overlapping element
One overlapping element
One overlapping element
P-SOP
P-SOP: Private Jaccard Similarity
![Page 87: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
11
3
10
1
5
20
3
7
3
Protocol
• Allows k parties to compute the intersection, union cardinality and Jaccard similarity, without learning other information.
But I do not know which element is overlapping
But I do not know which element is overlapping
But I do not know which element is overlapping
P-SOP
P-SOP: Private Jaccard Similarity
![Page 88: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
11
3
10
1
5
20
3
7
3
Protocol
• Allows k parties to compute the intersection, union cardinality and Jaccard similarity, without learning other information.
7 elements in union 7 elements in union
7 elements in union
P-SOP
P-SOP: Private Jaccard Similarity
![Page 89: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
11
3
10
1
5
20
3
7
3
Protocol
• Allows k parties to compute the intersection, union cardinality and Jaccard similarity, without learning other information.
But I do not know which elements are in union
But I do not know which elements are in union
But I do not know which elements are in union
P-SOP
P-SOP: Private Jaccard Similarity
![Page 90: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
11
3
10
1
5
20
3
7
3
Protocol
• Allows k parties to compute the intersection, union cardinality and Jaccard similarity, without learning other information.
P-SOP
P-SOP: Private Jaccard Similarity
S1 S2 ... ... Sn
S1 S2 ... ... Sn
J(S1, S2, ..., Sn) = | |
||
![Page 91: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
11
3
10
1
5
20
3
7
3
Protocol
• Allows k parties to compute the intersection, union cardinality and Jaccard similarity, without learning other information.
Jaccard Jaccard
Jaccard
P-SOP
P-SOP: Private Jaccard Similarity
S1 S2 ... ... Sn
S1 S2 ... ... Sn
J(S1, S2, ..., Sn) = | |
||
![Page 92: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
37
15
203
113
10
Each party maintains a commutative encryption key
David Eve
Frank
![Page 93: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
37
15
203Kd
Kf
Ke
113
10
Each party maintains a commutative encryption key
David Eve
Frank
![Page 94: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
37
15
203Kd
Kf
Ke
113
10
Each party maintains a commutative encryption keyCommutative encryption holds: Kx(Ky(E)) = Ky(Kx(E))
David Eve
Frank
![Page 95: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
Kf(3)Kf(7)
Ke(1)Ke(5)
Ke(20)Ke(3)Kd
Kf
Ke
Kd(11)Kd(3)
Kd(10)
Each party encrypts each item of elements in its dataset through the key
David Eve
Frank
![Page 96: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Kf(7)Kf(3)
Ke(5)Ke(3)Ke(1)
Ke(20)Kd
Kf
Ke
Kd(10)Kd(11)Kd(3)
Each party shuffles the encrypted elements in its own dataset
David Eve
Frank
![Page 97: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Ke(5)Ke(3)Ke(1)
Ke(20)Kd
Kf
Ke
Kd(10)Kd(11)Kd(3)
Kf(7)Kf(3)
Each party sends its own encrypted dataset to its successor party.
David Eve
Frank
![Page 98: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Ke(5)Ke(3)Ke(1)
Ke(20)
Kd
Kf
Ke
Kd(10)Kd(11)Kd(3)
Kf(7)Kf(3)
Each party sends its own encrypted dataset to its successor party.
David Eve
Frank
![Page 99: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
Kf(Ke(5))Kf(Ke(3))Kf(Ke(1))
Kf(Ke(20))
Kd
Kf
Ke
Ke(Kd(10))Ke(Kd(11))Ke(Kd(3))
Kd(Kf(7))Kd(Kf(3))
Each party encrypts each item of elements in the received dataset using its own key
David Eve
Frank
![Page 100: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
Kd(Kf(3))Kd(Kf(7))
Kf(Ke(1))Kf(Ke(20))Kf(Ke(5))Kf(Ke(3))
Kd
Kf
Ke
Ke(Kd(11))Ke(Kd(10))Ke(Kd(3))
Shuffle too.
David Eve
Frank
![Page 101: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
Kd(Kf(3))Kd(Kf(7))
Kf(Ke(1))Kf(Ke(20))Kf(Ke(5))Kf(Ke(3))
Kd
Kf
Ke
Ke(Kd(11))Ke(Kd(10))Ke(Kd(3))
Each party sends its current encrypted dataset to its successor party.
David Eve
Frank
![Page 102: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
Kd(Kf(3))Kd(Kf(7))
Kf(Ke(1))Kf(Ke(20))Kf(Ke(5))Kf(Ke(3)) Kd
Kf
Ke
Ke(Kd(11))Ke(Kd(10))Ke(Kd(3))
Each party sends its current encrypted dataset to its successor party.
David Eve
Frank
![Page 103: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
Ke(Kd(Kf(3)))Ke(Kd(Kf(7)))
Kd(Kf(Ke(1)))Kd(Kf(Ke(20)))Kd(Kf(Ke(5)))Kd(Kf(Ke(3))) Kd
Kf
Ke
Kf(Ke(Kd(11)))Kf(Ke(Kd(10)))Kf(Ke(Kd(3)))
Each party encrypts each item of elements in the received dataset using its own key
David Eve
Frank
![Page 104: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
Ke(Kd(Kf(3)))Ke(Kd(Kf(7)))
Kd(Kf(Ke(3)))Kd(Kf(Ke(5)))Kd(Kf(Ke(1)))
Kd(Kf(Ke(20))) Kd
Kf
Ke
Kf(Ke(Kd(3)))Kf(Ke(Kd(10)))Kf(Ke(Kd(11)))
Shuffle.
David Eve
Frank
![Page 105: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
Ke(Kd(Kf(3)))Ke(Kd(Kf(7)))
Kd(Kf(Ke(3)))Kd(Kf(Ke(5)))Kd(Kf(Ke(1)))
Kd(Kf(Ke(20))) Kd
Kf
Ke
Kf(Ke(Kd(3)))Kf(Ke(Kd(10)))Kf(Ke(Kd(11)))
Each party sends its current encrypted dataset to its successor party.
David Eve
Frank
![Page 106: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
Ke(Kd(Kf(3)))Ke(Kd(Kf(7)))
Kd(Kf(Ke(3)))Kd(Kf(Ke(5)))Kd(Kf(Ke(1)))
Kd(Kf(Ke(20)))Kd
Kf
Ke
Kf(Ke(Kd(3)))Kf(Ke(Kd(10)))Kf(Ke(Kd(11)))
OK. Now, each party has received its own original dataset which has been encrypted by all the parties.
David Eve
Frank
![Page 107: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
Ke(Kd(Kf(3)))Ke(Kd(Kf(7)))
Kd(Kf(Ke(3)))Kd(Kf(Ke(5)))Kd(Kf(Ke(1)))
Kd(Kf(Ke(20)))Kd
Kf
Ke
Kf(Ke(Kd(3)))Kf(Ke(Kd(10)))Kf(Ke(Kd(11)))
Kx(Ky(E)) = Ky(Kx(E))
David Eve
Frank
![Page 108: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
Ke(Kd(Kf(3)))Ke(Kd(Kf(7)))
Kd(Kf(Ke(3)))Kd(Kf(Ke(5)))Kd(Kf(Ke(1)))
Kd(Kf(Ke(20)))Kd
Kf
Ke
Kf(Ke(Kd(3)))Kf(Ke(Kd(10)))Kf(Ke(Kd(11)))
Kx(Ky(E)) = Ky(Kx(E))
David Eve
Frank
![Page 109: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
Ke(Kd(Kf(3)))Ke(Kd(Kf(7)))
Kd(Kf(Ke(3)))Kd(Kf(Ke(5)))Kd(Kf(Ke(1)))
Kd(Kf(Ke(20)))Kd
Kf
Ke
Kf(Ke(Kd(3)))Kf(Ke(Kd(10)))Kf(Ke(Kd(11)))
I know the # of intersection is 1, and union is 7
I know the # of intersection is 1, and union is 7
I know the # of intersection is 1, and union is 7
David Eve
Frank
![Page 110: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
Ke(Kd(Kf(3)))Ke(Kd(Kf(7)))
Kd(Kf(Ke(3)))Kd(Kf(Ke(5)))Kd(Kf(Ke(1)))
Kd(Kf(Ke(20)))Kd
Kf
Ke
Kf(Ke(Kd(3)))Kf(Ke(Kd(10)))Kf(Ke(Kd(11)))
Jaccard = 1/7
Jaccard = 1/7
Jaccard = 1/7
David Eve
Frank
![Page 111: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
Consumer iRec
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
Node A Node B Node C
iRec
![Page 112: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
iRec
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
Select two nodes for redundancy: A&B? B&C? or A&C?
Node A Node B Node C
iRec
Consumer
![Page 113: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
iRec
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
Node A Node B Node C
iRec: Step 1
Consumer
![Page 114: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
iRec
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
Node A Node B Node C
iRec: Step 2
Consumer
![Page 115: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
iRec: Step 3
Consumer
![Page 116: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
iRec: Step 3
P-SOP
Consumer
![Page 117: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
iRec: Step 3
=2
Consumer
![Page 118: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
iRec: Step 3
=4=2
Consumer
![Page 119: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
iRec: Step 3
=4=2
J = 2/4
Consumer
![Page 120: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
iRec: Step 3
=4=2
J = 2/4
Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | | Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 0.25 Node A, B 0.5
Deployment J
Consumer
![Page 121: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
P-SOP
iRec: Step 3 Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | | Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 0.25 Node A, B 0.5
Deployment J
Consumer
![Page 122: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
=1
iRec: Step 3 Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | | Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 0.25 Node A, B 0.5
Deployment J
Consumer
![Page 123: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
=1=4
iRec: Step 3 Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | | Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 0.25 Node A, B 0.5
Deployment J
Consumer
![Page 124: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
=1=4
J = 1/4
iRec: Step 3 Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | | Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 0.25 Node A, B 0.5
Deployment J
Consumer
![Page 125: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
=1=4
J = 1/4
iRec: Step 3 Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | | Cloud A, C 0 Node B, C 0.25 Node A, B 0.5
Deployment J
Consumer
![Page 126: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
iRec: Step 3 Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | | Cloud A, C 0 Node B, C 0.25 Node A, B 0.5
Deployment J
P-SOP
Consumer
![Page 127: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
iRec: Step 3 Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | | Cloud A, C 0 Node B, C 0.25 Node A, B 0.5
Deployment J
=0,
Consumer
![Page 128: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
iRec: Step 3 Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | | Cloud A, C 0 Node B, C 0.25 Node A, B 0.5
Deployment J
=0 =5 ,,
Consumer
![Page 129: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
iRec: Step 3 Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | | Cloud A, C 0 Node B, C 0.25 Node A, B 0.5
Deployment J
=0 =5 J = 0/5,,
Consumer
![Page 130: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
ISP APower APower B
ISP BPower C
Node A Node B Node C
iRec: Step 3 Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | | Node A, C 0 Node B, C 0.25 Node A, B 0.5
Deployment J
=0 =5 J = 0/5,,
Consumer
![Page 131: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
iRec
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
Node A Node B Node C
iRec: Step 4 Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | | Node A, C 0 Node B, C 0.25 Node A, B 0.5
Deployment J
Consumer
![Page 132: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
Node A Node B Node C
iRec: Step 5 Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | | Node A, C 0 Node B, C 0.25 Node A, B 0.5
Deployment J
Consumer
![Page 133: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
Ranking List
ISP A Power B ISP B Power CPower A
iRec
Node A Node B Node C
iRec: Step 6
Cloud A, C 0 Cloud B, C 1 Cloud A, B 2
Deployment | | Node A, C 0 Node B, C 0.25 Node A, B 0.5
Deployment JConsumer
![Page 134: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
Failure is a very important topic
It is very hard to solve in decentralized system
![Page 135: Failures & Redundancy - Zoo | Yale Universityzoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2014/lec/l-failures.pdf · Failures & Redundancy Ennan Zhai ... •Byzantine failure Failure Models](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021821/5afb2b177f8b9aac2490d4ee/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
Thanks!
Questions?