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Family ID Slideshow
Key to select mayfly larvae
http://bugguide.net/node/view/74567/bgimage
Mayfly Larvae Morphology
Guide to Aquatic Invertebrates of the Upper Midwest, p. 37
1A. Head flattened dorsoventrally, eyes and antennae dorsal …
Flathead (Heptageniidae)
http://www.dfg.ca.gov/abl/images2/ironodes_head.png
1A. Flathead (Heptageniidae)
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/61450222
1B. Head not flattened, eyes and antennae lateral……………..2
1B. Head not flattened, eyes and antennae lateral … 2
1C. Unclear if head is flattened … preserve
http://www.troutnut.com/specimen/694
2A. Prothoracic legs (first set of legs) with a dense row of setae
(hair) along inner surface … Brushlegged (Isonychiidae)
http://www.entomology.umn.edu/midge/VSMIVP%20K
ey/English/Isonychiidae.htm
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/114911606
2A. Brushlegged (Isonychiidae)
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/114911612
2B. Prothoracic legs without setae … 3
2C. Unclear if prothoracic legs have setae … preserve
http://bugguide.net/node/view/49022/bgimage
3A. Median caudal filament (Middle tail) reduced or lacking
…Small Minnow (Baetidae)
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/110648170
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/114367511
3B. Median caudal filament well developed … 4
3C. Unclear if median caudal filament is present, possibility of
broken tail … preserve
http://www.troutnut.com/specimen/443
4A. Gills pronged, forked, or consisting of a slender filament …
Prong-gilled (Leptophlebiidae)
http://www.entomology.umn.edu/mi
dge/VSMIVP%20Key/English/Lepto
phlebiidae.htm
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/1
10909718
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/i
mage/59402763
4B. Gills round, oval or heart-shaped – not forked … 5
4C. Gill shape is unclear … preserve
http://www.troutnut.com/specimen/718
http://bugguide.net/node/view/266381/bgimage
5A. Gills present on abdominal segments 1 – 3 … preserve
1
2
3
1
2
3
http://www.troutnut.com/specimen/718
http://bugguide.net/node/view/279026/bgimage
5B. Gills absent from abdominal segment 2, rudimentary or
absent from segment 1 and sometimes absent from segment 3 …
Spiny Crawler (Ephemerellidae)
3
5
6
4
http://bugguide.net/node/view/259874
5B. Spiny Crawler (Ephemerellidae)
http://bugguide.net/node/view/259877/bgimage
5C. Gills are operculate, or unclear if gills are present on
segments 1-3 … preserve
http://www.entomology.umn.edu/midge/VSMIVP%2
0Key/English/Caenidae.htm
http://www.dfg.ca.gov/abl/images2/Tri
corythodes_gills2.png
http://www.troutnut.com/specimen/568 http://www.dfg.ca.gov/abl/images2/Tricorythodes_newhabitus2.png
Key to select dragonfly larvae
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/111213357
Dragonfly Morphology
Guide to Aquatic Invertebrates of the Upper Midwest, p.66
1A. Third segment of antenna is much larger and possibly a
different shape than the other sements (4th segment is small and
barely visible) … Clubtail (Gomphidae)
http://www.entomology.umn.edu/midge/VSMIVP%20Key
/English/Gomphidae.htmhttp://bugguide.net/node/view/263809/bgimage
1A. Clubtail (Gomphidae)
http://bugguide.net/node/view/263808/bgimage
1B. Third segment of antenna not larger than other segments … 2
1C. Unclear if 3rd segment is larger … preserve
http://bugguide.net/node/view/255141/bgimage
2A. Prementum (lower lip) flat when viewed from the side. When
viewed ventrally, prementum is widest in distal half but not
parallel sided … Darner (Aeshnidae)
http://www.entomology.umn.edu/midge/VSMIVP%
20Key/English/Aeshnidae.htmhttp://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/109642026
2A. Darner (Aeshnidae)
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/109642026
2B. Prementum spoon/scoop shaped when viewed from the side
… preserve
2C. Unclear if prementum is flat or spoon shaped … preserve
http://www.entomology.umn.edu/midge/VSMIVP%20Key/English/Cordulegastridae.htm
Key to select damselfly larvae
http://bugguide.net/node/view/260089/bgimage
Damselfly Morphology
Guide to Aquatic Invertebrates of the Upper Midwest, p. 65
1A. First segment of antenna is as long as, or longer than,
remaining segments combined … Broadwinged (Calopterygidae)
http://www.entomology.umn.ed
u/midge/VSMIVP%20Key/Engli
sh/Calopterygidae.htm
Rose Brown photo: Rivanna at Milton
1B. First segment of antenna is shorter than others combined … 2
1C. Unclear if first segments of antennae are long … preserve
http://www.dfg.ca.gov/abl/images2/archilestes_head.png
2A. Basal half of prementum greatly narrowed and elongate …
Spreadwinged (Lestidae)
http://www.entomology.umn.edu/m
idge/VSMIVP%20Key/English/Lesti
dae.htm
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/95281414
2B. Basal half of prementum not greatly narrowed …
Narrowwinged(Coenagrionidae)
2C. Unclear if prementum is narrowed … preserve
http://www.entomology.umn.edu/mi
dge/VSMIVP%20Key/English/Coen
agrionidae.htm
http://bugguide.net/node/view/255064/bgimage
Key to select stonefly larvae
http://www.troutnut.com/specimen/487
Stonefly Larvae Morphology
Guide to Aquatic Invertebrates of the Upper Midwest, p. 78
1A. Filamentous or Telescoping gills present on sides of thorax
and/or ventral thorax … 2
http://www.troutnut.com/specimen/350
http://www.entomology.umn.edu/midge/VSMIVP
%20Key/English/Perlidae.htm
http://www.entomology.umn.edu/midge/VSMIVP%20
Key/English/Pteronarcyidae.htm
1B. Filamentous gills present only on ventral cervix (neck) …
Nemourid (Nemouridae)
1C. Unclear if gills are present … preserve
www.aquatax.ca/plecoptera/Nemouri
daeGills.jpg
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/110935526
2A. Conspicuous filamentous gills present on sides of thorax
and/or ventral thorax … 3
http://www.entomology.umn.edu/midge/VSMIVP%
20Key/English/Perlidae.htm
http://www.entomology.umn.edu/midge/VSMIVP%20Key/E
nglish/Pteronarcyidae.htm
2B. One telescoping gill present at base of each leg … Large
Winter(Taeniopterygidae)
2C. Unclear if gills are present … preserve
http://www.troutnut.com/specimen/350http://www.troutnut.com/specimen/350
3A. Filamentous gills present on ventral abdominal segments 1
and 2 … Giant (Pteronarcyidae)
http://www.troutnut.com/specimen/334
http://www.troutnut.com/specimen/334
3B. Filamentous gills absent from abdomen … Common
(Perlidae)
http://www.troutnut.com/specimen/767 http://www.troutnut.com/specimen/767
3C. Unclear if gills are present on ventral thorax and/or abdomen
… preserve
http://www.troutnut.com/specimen/488
Key to select caddisfly larvae
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/95399019
Caddisfly Larvae Morphology
Guide to Aquatic Invertebrates of the Upper Midwest, p.38
1A. Caddisfly in a case … 2
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/110473352
Rose Brown photo
1B. Caddisfly not in a case … 3
http://www.troutnut.com/specimen/720
2A. Case is a dome of small rock particles that completely covers larva in dorsal
(top) view. On the ventral (under) side, there is a strap of smaller rock particles.
The larva hangs over the strap, with head and thorax on one side and the end of
the abdomen on the other side (both ends of larva are visible) … Saddle Case Maker
(Glossosomatidae)
http://www.dfg.ca.gov/ABL/images2/anagapetus_case.png
http://www.dfg.ca.gov/abl/images2/gloscas1.png
2B. Case is very small, composed of fine sand or silt. Case is constructed with
two similar halves and compressed from side to side, resembling a purse …
Micro Caddisfly (Hydroptilidae)
http://watermonitoring.uwex.edu/images/level1/
wav/ecology/Hydroptilidae.jpg
http://www.dfg.ca.gov/abl/images2/hydroptila_habitus_
withcase.png
2C. Case is unlike above, or difficult to see … preserve
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/111399160
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/109997968
3A. Larva is bright yellow-orange. The tops of the second and third thoracic
segments are soft and fleshy, without hardened plates … Fingernet
(Philopotamidae)
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/111032573
3B. Larva is bright green and has long abdomen with deep constrictions
at each segment (best seen in top view). The tops of the second and
third thoracic segments are soft and fleshy, without hardened plates.
No filamentous gills on abdomen … Freeliving (Rhyacophilidae)
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/110921297
3C. Larva is not bright yellow-orange or green, or color and
shape are unclear … preserve
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/110921300
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/109167612
Key to select beetles
http://www.dfg.ca.gov/abl/images2/ptilodactylidae_adult_habitus.png
Adult Beetle Morphology
Guide to Aquatic Invertebrates of the Upper Midwest, p. 39
1A. Adult beetle … 2
http://bugguide.net/node/view/163435/bgimage
1B. Larval beetle … 3
1C. Unclear if beetle is adult or larval … preserve
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/114344092
2A. Beetle has slender and long antennae, which are longer than
head … Riffle (Elmidae)
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/114324576
2B. Beetle has short, thick antennae which are sometimes not
visible … Long Toed (Dryopid)
http://bugguide.net/node/view/171214
2C. Antennae are unclear, possibility of broken antennae …
preserve
http://www.dfg.ca.gov/abl/images2/helichus_adult_dors
al.pnghttp://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/114807295
3A. Larval body is elongate, cylindrical and sclerotized
(hardened). Abdominal segment 9 with a tuft of filamentous gills
and a hard, moveable ventral operculum … Riffle (Elmidae)
http://www.dfg.ca.gov/abl/images2/zaitzevia_habitus.png
http://www.dfg.ca.gov/abl/images2/microcylloepus_operc
ulum.png
3B. Larval body is elongate, cylindrical and sclerotized.
Abdominal segment 9 with a tuft of filamentous gills, and no
ventral operculum … (Ptilodactylidae)
http://www.dfg.ca.gov/abl/images2/ptilodactylidae_larva_habit
us2.png
http://www.dfg.ca.gov/abl/images2/ptilodactyl
idae_larva_gills.png
3C. Larva is not like above … preserve
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/111183241
Crane Fly larva and True Fly pupae
http://ecology.hku.hk/jupas/Hexatoma%20sp.jpg
Crane Fly Larva
http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/image/110921303
Midge pupa
http://www.thechronicflyfisher.com/chironomid.JPG
Black Fly pupa
http://www.nwnature.net/macros/efl_2008/april/images/P1130653.jpg