Download - FAR Part 91
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FAR Part 91
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FAR 91.3• As the PIC you are directly
responsible and the final authority as to the operation of that airplane
• In emergencies you may deviate from the FARs to the extent need for safety
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FAR 91.3
• If you do deviate, you may be required to file a written report with the FAA
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FAR 91.7
• You may not operate an aircraft that is not airworthy
• You as the PIC determine if the aircraft is fit for flight
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FAR 91.9• You may not operate an aircraft that
has an approved flight manual unless that manual is aboard the aircraft
• You may not operate contrary to any limitations specified in that manual
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FAR 91.13
• You may not operate your airplane in a careless or reckless manner so as to endanger the life or property of another
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FAR 91.15
• Dropping objects is not prohibited as long as you take reasonable precautions to avoid injury to persons or property
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FAR 91.17
• When may you not attempt to act as a crewmember of a civil aircraft, after consuming alcoholic beverages?
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FAR 91.17
• When may you not attempt to act as a crewmember of a civil aircraft, after consuming alcoholic beverages?
• While under the influence of alcohol
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FAR 91.17
• Within 8 hours after consuming any alcoholic beverage
• While having .04% by weight or more of alcohol in your blood
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FAR 91.21
• When may you not allow passengers to use portable electronic devices
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FAR 91.21• When may you not allow
passengers to use portable electronic devices
• Air Carrier
• Any other aircraft when flying IFR
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FAR 91.21• What portable electronic devices
are exempt from this rule?
• Voice recorders
• Hearing aids
• Pacemakers
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FAR 91.21
• electric shavers
• Other devices that do not interfere with the communication or navigation systems
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FAR 91.23• Truth in Leasing Clause Requirement in
Leases and Conditional Sales Contracts
• To operate a large civil aircraft of US Registry which is subject to a lease, the lessee must have mailed a copy of the lease to the FAA in Oklahoma City within 24 hours of its execution
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FAR 91.103
• What are pilots required to familiarize themselves with prior to a flight?
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FAR 91.103• All available information
• Particularly - runway lengths and takeoff and landing distances
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FAR 91.103
• IFR - Weather reports and forecasts - Fuel requirements - Alternatives available if planned flight cannot be completed - known traffic delays
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FAR 91.105• When must crewmembers have
their seatbelts fastened?
• When at their crewmember station
• When must a crewmember have his shoulder harness fastened?
• During takeoff and landing
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FAR 91.107
• What is your responsibility with respect to passengers and safety belts, shoulder harness and child restraint systems?
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FAR 91.107• What is your responsibility with
respect to passengers and safety belts, shoulder harness and child restraint systems?
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FAR 91.107• You may not take off without briefing
your passengers on how to fasten and unfasten their safety belts and shoulder harness if installed
• You must notify them to fasten their safety belts and shoulder harness (if installed)
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FAR 91.107• Before the airplane can taxi, takeoff or land
• During taxiing, takeoff and landing, each passenger who is 2 years of age or older must be in a seat with with the safety belt and shoulder harness (if installed) fastened
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91.109
• To conduct simulated instrument flight what are the requirements for a safety pilot?
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91.109• To conduct simulated instrument flight
what are the requirements for a safety pilot?
• Private Pilot with category and class rating appropriate to the airplane being flown
• Medical certificate
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91.111
• You may not operate so close to another aircraft as to create a collision hazard.
• What are the requirements for formation flight?
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91.111
• Cannot do it, except by arrangement with the PIC of each aircraft
• Not authorized when carrying passengers for hire
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91.113
• What are the right of way rules?
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91.113• Converging aircraft to the right has
right of way - Balloon, gliders and airships have right-of-way over airplanes - Aircraft towing or refueling other aircraft have the right-of-way over engine driven aircraft
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91.113
• Head on - alter course to the right
• Overtaking - aircraft being overtaken has the right-of-way
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91.113• Landing aircraft have the right-of-
way over other aircraft in flight or on the ground - Two aircraft approaching to land the lower has the right-of-way - you cannot take advantage of this rule the cut in front of another aircraft
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91.121
• At what altitude do you change your altimeter setting to 29.92?
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91.121
• At what altitude do you change your altimeter setting to 29.92?
• 18,000 feet
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91.123
• When can you deviate from an ATC clearance?
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91.123• When can you deviate from an ATC
clearance?
• Obtain an amended clearance
• An emergency exists
• In response to a traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS) resolution advisory
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91.144• No person can initiate a flight contrary
to the requirements established by the FAA and published in NOTAMs when the barometric pressure on the route of flight currently exceeds or will exceed what barometric setting?
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91.144
• 31.00
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91.155
• What are the basic cloud clearances in Class C, D, and E airspace below 10,000 feet?
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91.155• What are the basic cloud
clearances in Class C, D, and E airspace below 10,000 feet?
• 3 SM visibility
• 1,000 above - 500 below - 2,000 Horizontally
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91.155
• What are the basic visibility and cloud clearances in Class E above 10,000 feet?
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91.155• What are the basic visibility and
cloud clearances in Class E above 10,000 feet?
• 5 SM visibility
• 1,000 below - 1,000 above - 1 SM horizontally
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91.159
• What are the specified cruise altitudes for flights more than 3,000 feet AGL and below 18,000 feet?
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91.159
• IFR - East odd thousand
• West even thousands
• VFR - East odd thousands + 500 feet
• West even thousands + 500 feet
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91.167
• What are the IFR fuel requirements when an alternate is required?
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91.167
• What are the IFR fuel requirements when an alternate is required?
• Fuel to fly to the destination, fly to the alternate and thereafter fly for 45 minutes at normal cruising speed
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91.169
• For an airport to be listed as an alternate, the forecast weather at the time of arrival must be at or above what minimums?
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91.169• For an airport to be listed as an
alternate, the forecast weather at the time of arrival must be at or above what minimums?
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91.169• Nonprecision approach - 800 ft and 2
SM
• Precision approach - 600 ft and 2 SM
• No approach - allow descent from the MEA, approach, and landing under basic VFR
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91.171
• To operate an aircraft IFR what the requirements for the VOR?
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91.171• Operationally checked within 30
days to a tolerance of +4 for ground checks, +6 for airborne checks
• Enter the date, place, and bearing error and sign the aircraft log or other record
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91.175• When making an IFR approach
when can you operate below the DH or MDA?
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91.175• When the airplane is in a position
to land at a normal rate of descent using normal maneuvers
• Flight visibility is not less than the prescribed visibility on the approach chart
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91.175
• You maintain visual reference with one of the following
–Approach light system
–Runway threshold
–Threshold markings
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91.175–Threshold lights
–Runway End identifier lights
–VASI
–Touchdown zone markings
–Touchdown zone lights
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91.175
–Runway or runway markings
–Runway lights
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91.175
• What are the takeoff minimums when operating under Part 91?
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91.175
• NONE
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91.175
• What are the takeoff minimums when operating under Parts 121, 125, 127, 129 or 135?
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91.175• What are the takeoff minimums
when operating under Parts 121, 125, 127, 129 or 135?
• Two engines or less - 1 SM
• More than two engines - 1/2 SM
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91.175
• A visibility of 1/2 SM would have an RVR or what comparable value?
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91.175
• A visibility of 1/2 SM would have an RVR or what comparable value?
• 2,400 feet
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91.175
• On an instrument approach chart, what does No PT mean?
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91.175
• On an instrument approach chart, what does No PT mean?
• No procedure turn
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91.175
• What are the components of the ILS system?
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91.175• Localizer
• Glide Slope
• Outer marker
• Middle marker
• Inner marker for Categories II and III
• Approach lighting system
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91.175• Surveillance radar or DME , VOR or
ADF fixes authorized by the instrument approach procedure may be substituted for the outer marker
• What may be substituted for the middle marker?
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91.175
• What may be substituted for the middle marker?
• Compass locator or precision radar
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91.177
• Over designated mountainous terrain what is the minimum altitude for IFR flight?
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91.177
• Over designated mountainous terrain what is the minimum altitude for IFR flight?
• 2,000 above the highest obstacle within a 4 NM of the course to be flown
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91.177
• Where do you find the designation of Mountainous areas?
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91.177
• Where do you find the designation of Mountainous areas?
• Aeronautical Information Manual
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91.183
• How do your reporting responsibilities differ when operating in nonradar as opposed to operating under radar control?
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91.183
• Under radar control you must report only those points specified by ATC, in nonradar you must report the time and altitude of passing each designated reporting point
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91.187
• If you have a malfunction of navigational, approach or communications equipment occurring during flight you must make a malfunction report
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91.205
• For a flight for hire over water beyond power-off gliding distance from shore, what are the flotation gear requirements?
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91.205
• For a flight for hire over water beyond power-off gliding distance from shore, what are the flotation gear requirements?
• It must be readily available to each occupant
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91.205
• An anticollision light system is required for powered aircraft during VFR night flight
• An electric landing light is required for VFR night flight when operated for hire
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91.207
• What are the requirements for ELT batteries?
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91.207
• What are the requirements for ELT batteries?
• Must be replaced after one hour of cumulative use or after 50% of their useful life expires
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91.209
• When must position lights be displayed?
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91.209
• When must position lights be displayed?
• Sunset to sunrise
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91.211
• What are the supplemental oxygen requirements for crewmembers?
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91.211• What are the supplemental oxygen
requirements for crewmembers?
• 12,500 to 14,000 for any time in excess of 30 minutes
• above 14,000 feet must be provided and used
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91.211
• At what altitude must passengers be provided with supplemental oxygen?
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91.211
• At what altitude must passengers be provided with supplemental oxygen?
• 15,000 feet
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91.215
• Where must you have a transponder with Mode C to operate?
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91.215• Where must you have a transponder with
Mode C to operate?• Above 10,000 feet excluding airspace below
2,500 feet AGL• Class A, within 30 NM or the primary airport
of a Class B, and Class C airspace and above
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91.303
• List some limitations on performing acrobatic flight?
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91.303• List some limitations on performing
acrobatic flight?
–Over congested areas
–Over open air assembly of persons
–Within Class B, Class C, Class D or Class E designated for an airport
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91.303
–Within 4 NM of any federal airway
–Below 1,500 feet AGL
–Visibility less than 3 miles
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91.311
• What must an operator do to tow an advertising banner?
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91.311
• What must an operator do to tow an advertising banner?
• Obtain a certificate of waiver from the administrator of the FAA
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91.313, 91.315, 91.319
• May you carry passengers for hire when operating a restricted, limited category, experimental aircraft or primary category of aircraft?
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91.313, 91.315, 91.319
• May you carry passengers for hire when operating a restricted, limited category, experimental aircraft or primary category of aircraft?
• NO
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91.403• The owner or operator is responsible for
–Maintaining his aircraft in an airworthy condition
–Assuring compliance with all Airworthiness Directives
• The PIC is an operator
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91.405• After the annual inspection, an
appropriate notation must be made in the maintenance records
• The Airworthiness Certificate remains in effect as long as the airplane receive required maintenance and inspections
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91.407
• When aircraft alterations or repairs substantially change the flight characteristics or an aircraft, what must be done prior to carrying passengers and by whom?
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91.407
• Flight test by at least a private pilot rated for the type aircraft being tested
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91.409
• What is the requirement for a certified mechanic (A&P) to perform an annual inspection?
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91.409
• What is the requirement for a certified mechanic (A&P) to perform an annual inspection?
• He must be inspection authorized (IA)
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91.409
• In addition to the annual, for commercial operations the aircraft must be inspected each 100 hours
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91.409
• If an airplane is due a 100 hour inspection at 750 hours but it is done early at 730 hours, when is the next inspection due?
• 830 hours
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91.409
• Can an annual inspection be substituted for a 100 hour inspection?
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91.409
• Can an annual inspection be substituted for a 100 hour inspection?
• YES but a 100 hour inspection cannot be substituted for the annual inspection
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91.413
• The ATC transponder must be tested, inspected and found to comply with the appropriate regulations within the preceding 24 calendar months
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91.417
• What maintenance records must the owner or operator keep for each airplane?
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91.417• What maintenance records must
the owner or operator keep for each airplane?
• Current status of life-limited part of the airframe and each engine, propeller, rotor and appliance
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91.417• Current status of Airworthiness
Directives
• Preventive maintenance done by the pilot
• Alteration and rebuild records - 100 hour
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91.417
• Annual inspections or progressive and other required inspections
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91.421
• A new record may be used for a rebuilt (zero-time) engine, but the new records must include the status of previous Airworthiness Directives
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NTSB Part 830
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830.2
• What is an aircraft accident?
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830.2
• What is an aircraft accident?
• An occurrence that takes place between the time any person boards an aircraft with the intention of flight until all persons have disembarked resulting in
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830.2
–Death or serious injury
–Substantial damage to the airplane
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830.2
• What is substantial damage to an airplane?
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830.2• What is substantial damage to an airplane?
• Damage that adversely affects the structural strength, performance or flight characteristics and would normally require major repair or replacement of the component
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830.2• What does not constitute substantial
damage?
• Engine failure, damage limited to the engine: bent fairings or cowling: dented skin: ground damage to rotor or propeller blades:
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830.2
• damage to landing gear, wheels, tires, flaps, engine accessories, brakes or wingtips
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830.5• The nearest NTSB office must be
notified immediately when an aircraft is overdue and is believed to be involved in an accident and when an accident occurs involving
• Flight control malfunction or failure
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830.5
• Injury or illness or a flight crewmember
• Failure of a structural component of a turbine engine excluding compressor and turbine blades and vanes
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830.5
• In-flight fire
• Aircraft collision in flight
• Damage to property other than the aircraft exceeding 25,000
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830.15
• How soon after an accident does a written accident report have to be filed with the nearest NTSB regional/field office?
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830.15• How soon after an accident
does a written accident report have to be filed with the nearest NTSB regional/field office?
• 10 days
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830.15
• Where is the North Central Regional Office of the NTSB?
• West Chicago