Download - Final Exam Review “Funny, these look just like my flashcards…wonder if those are important?”
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Final Exam Review
“Funny, these look just like my flashcards…wonder if those are
important?”
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Society, Art, Geography, Language, Religion, Economy, Politics, Customs8 Elements of Culture
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The mixing of two or more cultures together – may form a new culture
Cultural Diffusion
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The coexistence of elements from a variety of cultures within a single cultureCultural Diversity
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Urban Setting, Writing system, Organized Economy, and Organized Government
Elements of a Civilization
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The change from hunting and gathering (nomadic) to herding and farming
Neolithic Revolution
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Egypt (Nile)Sumer (Tigris and Euphrates)India (Indus)China (Huang He)
River Valley Civilizations
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First written set of laws which came from the Babylonian’s – “eye for an eye”Hammurabi’s Code
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Transportation, food supply, fertile soil, water for irrigation
Why ancient civilizations
developed by rivers
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Worshipped spirits of nature (Africa)
Animism
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Nature spirits called Kami exist in all things (Japan)
Shintoism
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Caste system, polytheistic, reincarnation, Karma, Dharma (India)
Hinduism
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Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path, end worldly desires (Asia from India)
Buddhism
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Follow The Way of nature and accept the things that you cannot change (China)Taoism
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5 Relationships, filial piety, set up civil service exams (China)
Confucianism
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Monotheistic, suffered Diaspora, Ten Commandments, Old Testament onlyJudaism
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Monotheistic, created by the birth and death of Jesus, Ten Commandments, whole Bible
Christianity
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Monotheistic, developed by Mohammed, Five Pillars of Faith Islam
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Line of ruling families in China, belief that those families held a Mandate of Heaven Dynasty
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As a result of mountainous terrain in Greece, these consisted of a city and its surrounding areaCity – States
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Free men in Athens vote directly on all issues
Direct Democracy
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Blend of Greek, Egyptian, Persian and Indian culture created by Alexander the GreatHellenistic Culture
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Roman government in which elected representatives decide on important issuesRepublican Democracy
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200 years of Roman Peace that began with Augustus Caesar – Golden age of Rome Pax Romana
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Written laws of Rome, basis for our legal system today
Twelve Tables
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Justinian’s Code, Hagia Sophia, preserved Greek and Roman culture, ConstantinopleByzantine Empire
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Out of Mecca and into Asia, Africa and Europe, preserved and improved classic cultureMuslim Empire
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Feudal society, Code of Bushido, isolationist and ethnocentric
Tokugawa Shogunate
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Largest empire, Genghis and Kublai Khan, ruled China and Russia, Marco Polo Muslim Empire
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Gold-Salt trade, Mansa Musa, Ghana-Mali-Songhai, Ibn Battuta, became IslamicWest African Empires
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Created complex civilizations apart from the rest of the world in Meso-AmericaInca – Maya - Aztec
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Like the Code of Bushido in Japan, was a guide of behavior for knights in Middle Ages EuropeChivalry
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Spread by fleas on rats, killed 1/3 of Europeans by human interaction, loss of faith in churchBubonic Plague
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Locally run “government” system of Middle Ages – based on manorialism and rigid class systemFeudalism
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Huge churches with flying buttresses, stained glass windows, visually praises glory of GodGothic Architecture
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Series of Holy Wars to reclaim Holy Land from Muslims, huge impact on trade, ends feudalismCrusades
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Intellectual and artistic movement during Renaissance that focused on everyday lifeHumanism
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Wealthy people who sponsored artists such as the Medici family in Florence Patrons
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Most important invention in history, made books available to the masses
Printing Press
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Economic relationship between mother country and colonies – make money for mother countryMercantilism
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Named after Columbus, global exchange of products: food, animals, language, diseasesColumbian Exchange
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Attempt by some Europeans to reform or change the Roman Catholic ChurchReformation
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When monarchs ruled with absolute power, supported by Divine Right
Absolutism
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Selling forgiveness of sins and salvation, the main reason Luther was upset with the ChurchIndulgences
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Theory that the Earth travels around the sun, supported by Copernicus and GalileoHeliocentric Theory
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A change in the way people looked for answers to life’s questions using science, not faithScientific Revolution
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Society viewed political ideas through natural laws instead of divine belief
Enlightenment
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Locke, Montesquieu, Rousseau, Voltaire
Enlightenment Thinkers
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Copernicus, Galileo, Newton, Descartes
Scientific Revolution
Thinkers