c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
A Companion Booklet to be used with The Portable Fluid Analysis Kit
TM
OIL FILTRATIONS Y S T E M S, I N C.
FLUID CLEANLINESSc o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
A Companion Booklet to be used with The Portable Fluid Analysis Kit
FLUID CLEANLINESS
1
Simply pull
a 25 ml fluid
sample through
a Patch
Membrane
Filter and compare
oil sample particle
distribution with the
Fluid Cleanliness Comparison
Guide to assign an ISO
Cleanliness Code.
Introduction
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Portable Fluid Analysis Kit
Particle Count Range can bedetermined in as little as 10 minutes.
For complete Operating Instructions,see page 18 (operating manual).
Using the Patch Test Method, a user can reliably assign a
three-digit cleanliness code to any given sample based on
photomicrograph comparisons of known samples. These
known samples are the results of
particle counts achieved by
standards as set forth in
ISO 4406-1999.
The kit effectively
monitors particulate
contamination in all
hydrocarbon-based
hydraulic fluids,
bulk chemicals, and
lubrication fluids.
The Donaldson - Portable Fluid Analysis Kit was developed to enable a person to conductimmediate on-site oil analysis in as little as 10 minutes.
1
Simply pull
a 25 ml fluid
sample through
a Patch
Membrane
Filter and compare
oil sample particle
distribution with the
Fluid Cleanliness Comparison
Guide to assign an ISO
Cleanliness Code.
Introduction
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Portable Fluid Analysis Kit
Particle Count Range can bedetermined in as little as 10 minutes.
For complete Operating Instructions,see page 18 (operating manual).
Using the Patch Test Method, a user can reliably assign a
three-digit cleanliness code to any given sample based on
photomicrograph comparisons of known samples. These
known samples are the results of
particle counts achieved by
standards as set forth in
ISO 4406-1999.
The kit effectively
monitors particulate
contamination in all
hydrocarbon-based
hydraulic fluids,
bulk chemicals, and
lubrication fluids.
The Donaldson - Portable Fluid Analysis Kit was developed to enable a person to conductimmediate on-site oil analysis in as little as 10 minutes.
Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
56
37
25
3
3
40-80
20-40
2.5-5
13
12
9
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
Magnification: 100 x
Fluid Volume: 25 ml
Scale: 1 Division = 14 µm
2
13•12•9
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESS CODE
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisVery little contamination is present.
The visible particle is an oxidized ferrous particle.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
221
154
66
15
10
160-320
80-160
10-20
15
14
11
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
Magnification: 100 x
Fluid Volume: 25 ml
Scale: 1 Division = 14 µm
3
15•14•11
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESS CODE
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisThe visible contaminate is silica.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
587
222
104
30
13
320-640
160-320
20-40
16
15
12
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
Magnification: 100 x
Fluid Volume: 25 ml
Scale: 1 Division = 14 µm
4
16•15•12
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESS CODE
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisThe visible contamination is primarily metallic
with some silica and fiber particles.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
1,978
396
230
60
24
1,300-2,500
320-640
40-80
18
16
13
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
Magnification: 100 x
Fluid Volume: 25 ml
Scale: 1 Division = 14 µm
5
18•16•13
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESS CODE
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisThe visible contamination is primarily silica withsome metallic, oxidized ferrous and rust particles.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
3,548
892
456
120
46
2,500-5,000
640-1,300
80-160
19
17
14
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
Magnification: 100 x
Fluid Volume: 25 ml
Scale: 1 Division = 14 µm
6
19•17•14
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESS CODE
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisThe visible contamination includes silica
with metallic and rust particles.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
7,514
3,431
1,514
480
84
5,000-10,000
2,500-5,000
360-640
20
19
16
Magnification: 100 x
Fluid Volume: 25 ml
Scale: 1 Division = 14 µm
7
20•19•16
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESS CODE
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisThe visible contamination includes silica,metallic and rust particles.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
14,992
8,688
3,570
900
437
10,000-20,000
5,000-10,000
640-1,300
21
20
17
Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
Magnification: 100 x
Fluid Volume: 25 ml
Scale: 1 Division = 14 µm
8
21•20•17
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESS CODE
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisThe contamination is primarily silica with
some metallic and rust particles.A slight degree of oxidized ferrous
particles are also present.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
57,030
31,964
14,400
3,750
811
40,000-80,000
20,000-40,000
2,500-5,000
23
22
19
Magnification: 100 x
Fluid Volume: 25 ml
Scale: 1 Division = 14 µm
9
23•22•19
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESS CODE
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisThe contamination is primarily metallicwith additional silica contaminants, anda few rust particles and oxidized ferrousmetal particles.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
373,430
155,635
59,999
15,000
1,160
320,000-640,000
80,000-160,000
10,000-20,000
26
24
21
Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
Magnification: 100 x
Fluid Volume: 25 ml
Scale: 1 Division = 14 µm
10
26•24•21
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESS CODE
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisThis sample is highly contaminated
with silica,metallic, rust andcarbon (such as coal) particles.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
23
22
19
Magnification: 100 x
Scale: 1 Division = 14 µm
11
Silica
Bright Metal
Types of Contamination
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisMost commonly sand ordust associated with airbornecontamination containing hard,translucent particles.
Photo AnalysisMost commonly products ofcomponent wear and fluidbreakdown within the system.Visible contaminant will usuallyappear to contain shiny metallicparticles of various colors.
20 30 40 50 60
20 30 40 50 60
23
22
19
12
20 30 40 50 60
Black Metal
20 30 40 50 60
Rust
Magnification: 100 x
Scale: 1 Division = 14 µm
Types of Contamination
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
c o n t i n u e d
Photo AnalysisMost commonly products ofcomponent wear within the system.Contaminants are primarily oxidizedferrous metal particles.
Photo AnalysisMost commonly seen when water ispresent in the system. Contaminantscontain dull orange or brown particles.
23
22
19
20 30 40 50 60
Magnification: 100 x
Scale: 1 Division = 14 µm
13
Fibers
20 30 40 50 60
Cake of Fines/Precipitate
Types of Contamination
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
c o n t i n u e d
Photo AnalysisMost commonly generatedby paper products and fabrics.Sources of contamination alsoinclude cellulose filter mediaand shop rags.
Photo AnalysisA very high concentration ofsilt-size particles and/or additivepackage ingredients will build up onthe patch membrane obscuring allother contaminants. If the additivepackage breaks down in this wayand drops out of solution (uniformsize and color), it is no longer per-forming its intended function.
14
20 30 40 50 60
Gel Cake
Types of Contamination
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
c o n t i n u e d
Magnification: 100 x
Scale: 1 Division = 14 µm
Photo AnalysisA dense accumulation on theanalysis membrane that makesparticle contamination evaluationan impossibility.
Note:All images contained in thisguide are for comparisonand evaluation purposesonly. Actual results will varydepending upon specificconditions and levels ofcontaminants.
15
Cleanliness
Understanding
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
ISO Codes
The ISO Cleanliness Code references the number ofparticles greater than 4, 6, & 14 microns in one milliliterof fluid. The results of particle counting are plotted onthe adjacent logarithmic graph. The corresponding ISORange Code, shown above, gives the cleanliness codenumber for each of the three particle sizes.
Particle Size, Micrometers
PART ICLE COUNT SUMMARYParticle
Size(in microns)
430.0
90.0
44.0
21.0
3.0
9.5
16
14
12
Number perML. Greater
Than Size
RangeCode
4
6
10
14
25
50
16•14•12
Note: each increase in range number representsa doubling of the contamination level.
*
10,000,000
1,000,000
5,000,0004,000,0003,000,000
2,000,0001,500,000
500,000400,000300,000200,000150,000
50,00040,00030,00020,00015,000
5,0004,0003,0002,0001,500
500400300200150
5040302015
5.04.03.02.01.5
0.50.40.3
0.20.15
0.050.040.03
0.020.015
100,000
10,000
1,000
100
10
1.0
.1
.011 102 5 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Num
ber o
f Par
ticle
s G
reat
er T
han
Siz
e P
er M
ililit
er
*10,000,000
5,000,000
2,500,000
1,300,000
640,000
320,000
160,000
80,000
40,000
20,000
10,000
5,000
2,500
1,300
640
320
150
80
40
20
10
5
2.5
1.3
.6
.3
.15
.08
.04
.02
302928272625242322212019181716151413121110987654321
RangeCode
Comparison
ISO/NAS/SAE O i l F i l t r a t i o n S y s t e m s
Chart
...relate to particle
count data only.
To conform to any
particular standard,
reference should
be made to
the recommended
experimental procedure.
BS 5540/4ISO/DIS 4406
CODENAS 1638
CLASSSAE 749CLASS
11/812/913/1014/914/1115/915/1015/1216/1016/1116/1317/1117/1418/1218/1318/1519/1319/1620/1320/1721/1421/1822/1522/17
234—5——6——7—8——9—10—11—12——
—01—2——3——4—5——6————————
The comparisonsat right...
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
16
17
Many petroleum products are graded according to the ISOViscosity Classification System, approved by the InternationalStandards organization (ISO).
Viscosity
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Classification Equivalents
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
98
7
6
5
4
80
100
200
300
400
500
600
800
1000
2000 10000
8000
60005000
4000
3000
2000
1500
1000
800
600500
400
300
300
200
100
90
80
70
60
55
50
45
40
200
150
100
8070
60
50
40
35
30
Viscosities can be related horizontally only.
Viscosities based on 96 VI single grade oils.
ISO are specified at 40˚C.
AGMA are specified at 40˚C.
SAE 75W, 80W, 85W and 5W & 10 W specified at
low temperature. Equivalent viscosities for 100 &
210˚F are shown.
SAE 90 to 250 and 20 to 50 specified at 100˚C.
250
140
90
85W
80W
75W
10W
20
30
40
50
1500
1000
680
460
320
220
150
100
68
46
32
22
15
10
7
5
3
2
8A
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
5W
SEA
GR
AD
ES
GE
AR
OIL
S
SAE
GR
AD
ES
CR
AN
KC
ASE
OIL
S
AG
MA
GR
AD
ES
ISO
VG
SAYBOLTVISCOSITIES
KINEMATICVISCOSITIES
SUS/100˚F
SUS/210˚F
cSt/40˚C
cSt/100˚C
Each ISO
viscosity grade
number
corresponds to
the mid-point of a
viscosity range
expressed in
centistokes (cSt)
at 40°C.
For example, a
lubricant with an
ISO grade of 32
has a viscosity
within the range
of 28.8 - 35.2,
the midpoint of
which is 32.
Rule-of-Thumb:
The comparable
ISO grade of a
given product
whose viscosity in
SUS at 100°F is
known can be de-
termined by using
the following
conversion formula:
SUS @ 100° F�5=
cSt @ 40°C.
18
This booklet is designed to be a quick and easy reference guide to be used along with our Portable
Fluid Analysis Kit. Using the Patch Test Method, a user can reliably assign a three-digit cleanliness
code to any given sample based on photomicrograph comparisons of known samples. These known
samples are the results of particle counts achieved by standards as set forth in ISO 4406-1999.
Manual
Assemble the pump and funnel assembly and screw on emptysample bottle.
Place solvent dispensing bottle filter on spout of solvent dispensingbottle.
Wash funnel with solvent and pull solvent through assembly withhand-operated vacuum pump.
Place a patch membrane in the funnel assembly.
Pour the fluid sample into the funnel and fill to the 25 ml level.
Pull sample through patch membrane with hand-operated vacuumpump.
Wash funnel with solvent and pull through patch membrane withhand-operated vacuum pump.
When sample passes completely through patch membrane, removemembrane with forceps, place on clean index card and immediatelycover with adhesive analysis lamination cover.
View patch membrane through microscope and compare sightscreen from 100x microscope to various pictures shown in thisComparison Guide to assign the appropriate ISO cleanliness code.
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Portable Fluid Analysis KIT
Instructions
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
p a g e 1 ( o f 2 )
19
The Kit includes the following components:
123456789
481111111
Item# Description Qty
Solvent dispensing bottle filters120 ml sample bottlesMembrane filter forcepsMicroscope pen light1000 ml solvent dispensing bottleMembrane holder & funnel assembly100X microscopeHeavy-duty carrying caseEasy-vac hose
1100123150 ea.501
Item# Description Qty
Manual
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Portable Fluid Analysis Kit
Scissors (for opening packets)3”x 5” analysis cardsBeakerKeys for caseSyringesWater Test Kit0.8 & 5.0 micron membrane filtersReagent A for water analysisHand-actuated vacuum pump
101112131415161718
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
11
14
16
18
13
7
10
12
15
17
p a g e 2 ( o f 2 )
19
The Kit includes the following components:
123456789
481111111
Item# Description Qty
Solvent dispensing bottle filters120 ml sample bottlesMembrane filter forcepsMicroscope pen light1000 ml solvent dispensing bottleMembrane holder & funnel assembly100X microscopeHeavy-duty carrying caseEasy-vac hose
1100123150 ea.501
Item# Description Qty
Manual
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Portable Fluid Analysis Kit
Scissors (for opening packets)3”x 5” analysis cardsBeakerKeys for caseSyringesWater Test Kit0.8 & 5.0 micron membrane filtersReagent A for water analysisHand-actuated vacuum pump
101112131415161718
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
11
14
16
18
13
7
10
12
15
17
p a g e 2 ( o f 2 )