From Empire to Community: A New Approach to International Relations by Amitai EtzioniReview by: G. John IkenberryForeign Affairs, Vol. 83, No. 5 (Sep. - Oct., 2004), p. 165Published by: Council on Foreign RelationsStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20034080 .
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Recent Books
mass killing in the Soviet Union, China, and Cambodia; ethnic killing in Turkish
Armenia, Nazi Germany, and Rwanda; and counter-guerrilla killing in Guatemala and Afghanistan. Indifference and passivity
were pervasive among the public, but it was the leaders who saw these bloody episodes as a solution to a problem. Valentino cleverly notes that if mass killing is not deeply rooted in society but a tactic of state power, the rest of the world has fewer excuses for inaction.
From Empire to Community:A New Approach to International Relations. BY AMITAI ETZIONI. New York: Palgrave
Macmillan, 2004, 272 pp $29.9S.
In this sweeping vision of an emerging world community, Etzioni, a distinguished sociologist and leading communitarian thinker, lays out a world order that charts a path between power-oriented realism and law-oriented liberalism. It is a vision in which U.S. power is closely tied to a
wider global community infused with shared values and bolstered by legitimate institutions of governance. Despite acrimony over the war in Iraq and U.S. unilateralism, this new era of global cooperation is already afoot, Etzioni claims. In fact, the leading edge of this emerging order is counterterrorism: governments share intelligence and jointly arrest suspects and track money, and the nascent "Global Safety Authority" even gained its own enforcement capability with recent agreements on search and seizure on the high seas. Transnational cooperation is also growing in other areas, such as commerce, banking, the Internet, health, the environment, human rights, and crime prevention. Etzioni believes that effective global governance requires
normative and institutional innovations, and his most ambitious proposal is to unite the growing array of trans national authorities into a formal, United Nations-style global institution-a modern-day "world state." This idea is worthy of debate. But today's informal and decentralized transnational networks
may offer a more realistic formula for successful global governance.
The Democratic Century. BY SEYMOUR MARTIN LIPSET AND JASON LAKIN.
Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2004, 480 pp. $34.95.
Democracy as a political movement has seen great triumphs in the last two decades, but it remains weak, vulnerable, or nonexistent in many corners of the world. These reflections by a renowned political sociologist and his student survey the general state of knowledge of
when, where, and how democracy takes root. Of course, many factors bear on the likelihood of a democratic breakthrough, and Lipset's famous insight (that the richer a nation is, the greater its chances of sustaining democracy) still holds four decades after it was first advanced in his landmark study Political Man. But the triggers of democratic transition are more difficult to identify, and by no means follow inevitably from modernization and development. In the end, Lipset and Lakin argue that culture is particularly important. Missing from this otherwise exhaustive study is a discussion of the impact of democratization efforts from abroad. But the importance of such efforts is implicit in their conclusion that, at the end of the democratic century, the easy work is done and the hard
work remains.
FOREIGN AFFAIRS September/October2004 [165]
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